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Medical Biology > Muscles of Lower Limbs function > Flashcards

Muscles of Lower Limbs function Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Psoas major

A

Location: anterior thigh
Action: flexor of the thigh; flexes the trunk (sitting up)
Group: Hip

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2
Q

psoas minor

A

Location: anterior thigh
Action: weak flexor of spinal cord
Group: Hip

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3
Q

Iliacus

A

Location: anterior thigh
Action: flexor of thigh: when femur is fixed, flexes the trunk as in sitting up

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4
Q

gluteus maximus

A

Location: posterior thigh
Action: abducts, extends, and laterally rotates the hip
Group: Glutes

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5
Q

gluteus medius

A

Location: posterior thigh
Action: abducts the thigh, stabilizes the hip. rotates thigh
Group: Glutes

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6
Q

Gluteus minius

A

Location: hip posterior region
Action: abduct the thigh, stabilizes the hip, rotates thigh
Group: Glutes

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7
Q

Tensor fasciae latae

Hint: balance a latte on hip

A

Location: lateral side of thigh
Action: tenses the fascia lata; abductor and internal rotator of thigh; stabilization of the hip and knee joints
Group: Glutes

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8
Q

Obturator externus

A

Location: tucked under hip joint
Action: externally rotates thigh and stabilizes the pelvis
Group: Thigh Lateral Rotators

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9
Q

Obturator internus

A

Location: inbetween superior and inferior gemellus
Action: laterally rotates thigh when extended; abducts thigh when flexed
Group: Lateral Rotators

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10
Q

Superior gemellus

A

Location: lateral, near hip joint
Action: external rotation, adduction, and extension of hip joint; acts as abductors when thigh is flexed
Group: Lateral Rotators

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11
Q

Inferior gemellus

A

Location: lateral, near hip joint
Action: external rotation, adduction, and extension of the hip joint; act as abductors when the thigh is flexed
Group: Lateral Rotators

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12
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Location: inferior to the rest of the thigh lateral rotators
Action: external rotation and adduction of hip
Group: Lateral Rotators

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13
Q

Priformis

A

Location: lateral, near hip joint
Action: external rotation, abduction, extension of hip joint; aids in stabilization of the hip
Group: Lateral Rotators

pigeon pose

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14
Q

Thigh Lateral Rotators (Superior to Inferior)

A

Patch Goods Often Go on Quilts -> Piriformis, Gemullus Superior, Obturator Interus, Gemellus Inferior, Obturator Extermus, Quadraturis Femuris

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15
Q

Satorius

A

longest muscle in the body
Location: runs from front of pelvis to top of tibia
Action: hip flexion, external rotation and abduction

Sartor = tailor, tailor sit cross legged to test satorius

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16
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Location: lateral thigh
Action: extension of leg at knee joint
Group: Quadriceps

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17
Q

Vastus Intermedialis

A

Location: inbetween Vastus lateralis and vastus medius
Action: extension of leg at knee joint
Group: Quadriceps

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18
Q

Vastus Medius

A

Location: most medial of quads in anterior region of thigh
Action: extension of leg at knee joint
Group: Quadriceps

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19
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

Loction: most anterior of quads
Action: extends knee and hip flexor
Group: Quadriceps

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20
Q

Biceps Femoris

A

Location: posterior region of thigh; most lateral of hamstrings
Action: flexs knee; rotates tibia outward (laterally)
Group: Hamstrings

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21
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Location: posterior region of thigh; medial of hamstrings
Action: flexes knee; rotates leg medially
Group: Hamstrings

thinner, tendon-looking

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22
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Location: posterior region of thigh; medial of hamstrings
Action: flexes knee; rotates leg medially
Group: Hamstrings

wider -> sprawling membrane

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23
Q

Adductor brevis

A

Loction: medial region of thigh
Action: adducts the thigh, rotates thigh medially
Group: Adductors

shortest of adductors

24
Q

Adductor Longus

A

Location: medial region of thigh
Action: adduct thigh, rotates thigh medially
Group: Adductors

longest of adductors

25
Q

Adductor Magneus

A

Location: big triangle-like muscle on medial region of thigh
Action: adduct thigh, rotates thigh medially
Group: Adductors

26
Q

MLB

A

adductors - Magnus, Longus, Brevis

baseball players have nice thighs

27
Q

Gracilis

A

Loctation: medial region of thigh, runs from pubis to tibia
Action: medially rotates thigh, thigh adductor, flexes knee
Group: adductor

long and thin, need to be graceful

28
Q

Pectineus

A

Location: most superior of adductors, medial thigh region
Action: adducts, flexes, and externally (laterally) rotates
Group: adductors

close to “peaches” of butt

29
Q

Tibial Anterior

A

Location: front of tibia to medial side of foot
Action: dorsiflexion and inversion of foot
Group: Lower Leg - Anterior

30
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

Location: lateral region of tibia to distal phalanges
Action: extends digits of foot; dorsiflexes foot
Group: Lower Leg - Anterior

31
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

Location: anterior surface of fibula to hallux
Action: extends big toe (hallux)
Group: Lower Leg - Anterior

32
Q

Fibularis tertius

A

Location: distal part of tibia to metarasal of pinky toe
Action: dorsiflexes and everts ankle
Group: Lower Leg - Anterior

33
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Location: lateral region of the distal surface fibia to metatarsal 5
Action: plantar flex and evert ankle
Group: Lateral Lower Leg

34
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

Location: lateral region of the distal 2/3 of fibula to metatarsal 1 (pinky)
Action: planterflexes and everts ankle, supports foot arch
Group: Lateral lower leg

35
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Location: outmost muscle of posterior region of leg
Action: plantar flexon of foot, flexes leg at knee joint
Group: Posterior Lower Leg

belly of muscle -> gastro

36
Q

Soleus

A

Location: posterior surface of fibular shaft to posterior side of calcaneus
Action: planter flexion of foot
Group: Posterior Lower Leg

37
Q

Achilles tendon

A
  • gastrocnemius and soleus join here to insert to heel (calcaneus)
38
Q

Plantaris

A

Location: femur -> run along lateral side of calf -> posterior calcaneus
Action: plantarflex foot, flexes knee
Group: Posterior Lower Leg

39
Q

Popliteus

A

Location: behind the knee
Action: unlocks knee
Group: Posterior Lower Leg

40
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

Location: posterior surface of tibia to foot
Action: plantar flexion of foot; inverts and adducts foot
Group Deep posterior lower leg

41
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

good d make u curl your toes (sorry)

A

Location: posterior surface of tibia to foot
Action: curl toes, inversion and plantarflexion of foot
Group: Deep posterior lower leg

42
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

Location: 2/3 thirds of posterior fibula to big toe
Action: curl big toe, inversion and plantarflexion of foot
Group: Deep Posterior Lower Leg

43
Q

Deep Posterior Lower Leg muscles

A

Tom Dick Harry -> Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus

44
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

A

Location: dorsal surface of foot
Action: extends digits
Group: Dorsal Foot

45
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A

Location: dorsal portion of heel to dorsal surface of big toe
Action: extends hallux
Group: Dorsal Foot

46
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

Loction: inbetween metatarsal bones
Action: abduct metatarsals
Group: dorsal foot

47
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

Location: Medial side of foot
Action: abducts hallux, supports foot arch
Group: Plantar foot

48
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

Location: lateral side of foot
Action: abducts pinky
Group: Plantor foot

49
Q

Flexor digitorium brevis

A

Location: underside of foot
Action: flexes digits
Group: Plantar Foot

50
Q

Qudratus Plantae

A

Location: bottom of calcaneus to foot
Action: pull toes upward
Group: Deep Foot (Plantar Layer 2)

51
Q

Lumbricals

A

Location: under side of foot
Action: flexes metatarsophalangeal joints
Group: Deep Foot (Planter Layer 2)

52
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A

Location: cuneiform/cuboid bone to undersid of big toe
Acton: bends joint of big toe
Group: Deep Foot (Plantar Layer 3)

53
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Location: metatarsal bone to pinky toe (underside)
Action: bends pinky toe
Group: Deep Foot (Plantar Layer 3)

54
Q

Adductor hallucis

A

Location: triangle shaped muscle on underside of metatarsals
Action: adduct big toe, support foot arch
Group: Plantar foot

55
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A

Location: 5th metatarsal
Action: flexes pinky toe
Group: Plantar Layer 3

Medical Biology (5 decks)

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