Muscles Of Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What is the gluteal region?

A

Located posteriorly to pelvic girdle, at proximal end of femur. Muscles in this region move lower limbs at the hip joint.

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3
Q

Name the superficial abductors and extenders of the gluteal region

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata

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4
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Main extensor of the thigh and assists with lateral rotation

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5
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Abducts and medially rotates lower limb

Prevents pelvic drop of opposite limb, during locomotion

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6
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Abducts and medially rotates the power limb

Prevents pelvic drop of opposite limb, during locomotion

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7
Q

Tensor fascia lata

A

Plays supportive role in gait cycle

Assists gluteus medius and minimus in abduction and medial rotation of lower limb

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8
Q

Innervation of gluteus maximus

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

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9
Q

Innervation of gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fascia lata

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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10
Q

Clinical relevance - what results due to damage to the superior gluteal nerve

A

Gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fascia lata becomes paralysed and pelvis becomes unsteady. Positive Trendelenburg sign

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11
Q

What is a positive Trendelenburg sign?

A

Pelvic drop occurs in the unsupported leg. Pelvic drop can be recognised by observing the level of iliac crests on both sides.

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12
Q

What are the deep muscles of the gluteal region?

A
Piriformis 
Gemellus superior 
Obturator internus 
Gemellus inferior 
Quadratus femoris
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13
Q

What is the general function of the deep muscles of the gluteal region?

A
Lateral rotation (all) 
Abduction of the hip (EXCEPT Quadratus femoris)
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14
Q

Innervation of piriformis

A

Nerve to piriformis

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15
Q

Innervation of obturator internus

A

Nerve to obturator internus

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16
Q

Innervation of the gemelli

A

Superior - nerve to obturator internus

Inferior - nerve to quadratus femoris

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17
Q

Innervation of quadratus femoris

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

18
Q

Clinical relevance: landmark or the gluteal region is?

A

Piriformis - travels through the greater sciatic foramen and divides the gluteal region into an inferior and superior part.
This muscle can be used to locate sciatic nerve; enters gluteal region directly inferior to the piriformis.

19
Q

Name the deep lateral rotators of the gluteal region

A

Quadratus femoris
Gemellus superior
Gemellus inferior
Obturator internus