Muscles of Back

Question 1

What are the 3 muscle groups of the back?

Answer 1

superficial , intermediate, deep

Question 2

What innervates the superficial (except trapezius) and intermediate groups?

Answer 2

anterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 3

Muscles in the superficial and intermediat groups are located where in adults

Answer 3

posteriorly

Question 4

Superficial and intermediate groups served developmentally from

Answer 4

anterolateral musculature that migrated secondarily to the back

Question 5

Deep muscle groups are innervated by

Answer 5

posterior rami rami of spinal nerves (can pass through superficial and intermediate muscles)

Question 6

What are the 5 superficial muscles of the back?

Answer 6

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi 
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major 
Rhomboid minor

Question 7

Trapezius

4 sided figure

Answer 7

F- elevates, retracts, rotates scapula
O- skull, nuchal ligament, vertebral spines
I- scapula and clavicle
N- accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)

Question 8

Latissimus dorsi
(widest of the back)

Answer 8

F- extends, adducts, medially rotates arm (humerus)
O- iliac crests and fascia
I- humerus
N- thoracodorsal nerve (C6- C8)

Question 9

Levator scapulae

deep to trapezius

Answer 9

F- elevates scapula
O- vertebrae
I- superior medial border of scapula
N- C3 & C4(superior part) & dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Question 10

Rhomboid major and minor

deep to trapezius

Answer 10

F- retract and rotate scapula (moving gleaned fossa inferiorly)
O- vertebrae or nuchal ligament
I- medial border of scapula
N- dorsal scapular nerve

Question 11

What are the 2 intermediate muscles?

Answer 11

Serratus posterior superior

Serratus posterior anterior

Question 12

What are the function of the intermediate muscles?

Answer 12

respiration and proprioception

Question 13

Serratus posterior superior

Answer 13

F- elevates ribs during inspiration & helps with proprioception
O- nuchal ligament and vertebrae
I- ribs
N- segmentally Anterior Rami

Question 14

Serratus posterior inferior

Answer 14

F- depresses ribs during expiration and helps w/ proprioception
O- vertebrae
I- ribs
N- segmental Anterior Rami

Question 15

What are the 3 deep muscles of the back?

Answer 15

Splenius
Erector spinae
Transversospinalis

Question 16

Splenius

bandage wrapped around other deep muscles in neck

Answer 16

F- extends and rotates head
O-nuchal ligament and vertebrae
I-skull and more superior vertebrae
N- segmentally by posterior rami

Question 17

Erector spinae

Answer 17

F- majore extensor of spine and laterally bends spine
O-iliac crests and vertebrae
I-superior vertebrae, ribs, skull
N- segmentally by posterior rami

Question 18

What muscles or in the Erector spine?

Answer 18

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

*associated with back strain and lower back pain

Question 19

Transversospinalis

Answer 19

F- extends head and upper spine and stabilizes vertebrae
O- vertebrae
I- superior vertebrae and skull
N- segmentally posterior rami