Muscles – Lower

Question 1

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 1

Origin: Sacrum + coccyx
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur
Action: Extend hip

Question 2

Gluteus medius

Answer 2

Origin: Lateral ilium
Insertion: Greater trocanter of femur
Action: ABduct hip

Question 3

Gluteus minimus

Answer 3

Origin: Lateral ilium
Insertion: Greater trocanter of femur
Action: ABduct hip

Question 4

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)

Answer 4

Origin: Anterior iliac crest
Insertion: IT band
Action: Flexion, ABduction + Medial rotation of hip (FARM)

Question 5

Iliacus

Answer 5

Origin: Iliac fossa
Insertion: Lesser trochanter
Action: Flexion + External rotation of hip

Question 6

Psoas Major

Answer 6

Origin: Bodies of L1-L5
Insertion: Lesser trochanter
Action: Flexion + External rotation of hip

Question 7

Psoas Minor

Answer 7

Origin: T12
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flexion of lumbar spine

Question 8

Adductor Magnus

Answer 8

Origin: Ischial + Pubic Rami
Insertion: Linea aspera, ADDuctor tubercle
Action: ADDuct hip

Question 9

Adductor Longus

Answer 9

Origin: Pubic symphisis
Insertion: Linea aspera
Action: ADDuct hip

Question 10

Sartorius

Answer 10

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Insertion: Medial + Proximal tibia
Action: Flex, ABduct, Lateral Rotation of Knee (FAR-lat) + Flex knee

Question 11

Gracilis

Answer 11

Origin: Inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: Medial + Proximal tibia
Action: ADDuct hip

Question 12

Semitendinosus

Answer 12

Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial tibial shaft
Action: Extend hip + Flex knee

Question 13

Semimembranosus

Answer 13

Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle tibia
Action: Extend hip + Flex knee

Question 14

Biceps Femoris

Answer 14

Origin: Ischial tuberosity + Linea aspera
Insertion: Head of fibula
Action: Extend hip + Flex knee

Question 15

Rectus femoris

Answer 15

Origin: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Insertion: Patella + Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend knee + flex hip

Question 16

Vastus Lateralis

Answer 16

Origin: Linea aspera + Greater trochanter
Insertion: Patella + Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend knee

Question 17

Vastus Medialis

Answer 17

Origin: Linea aspera + Intertrochanteric line
Insertion: Patella ≠ Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend knee

Question 18

Vastus Intermedius

Answer 18

Origin: Femur shaft
Insertion: Patella + Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend knee

Question 19

Gastrocnemius

Answer 19

Origin: Condyles, popliteal surface
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action: plantarflexion, knee flexion

Question 20

Piriformis

Answer 20

Origin: anterior surface of sacrum
Insertion: greater trochantor of femus
Action: lateral rotate hip