Lab 8

Question 1

Which division is automatic and called the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 1

Visceral motor division of the PNS

Question 2

In which body cavity does the CNS reside?

Answer 2

Dorsal cavity

Question 3

What is the difference between somatic and visceral?

Answer 3

Somatic = skeletal muscle
Visceral = interal organs

Question 4

Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous
systems are excitatory AND inhibitory. This sounds
contradictory yet occurs through almost every organ of
your body. Explain how this is the case

Answer 4

1. Balancing act
2. Depending on the effector organ one will stimulate the organ and one will inhibit it
3. Creates and on and off switch for each organ

Question 5

Diffusion

Answer 5

Movement of solutes from high solute concentration to low solute concentration

Question 6

Osmosis

Answer 6

Movement of water from an area of high water concentration to and area of low water concentration
or
Movement of water from low solute concentration to high solute concentration

Question 7

How do the molecules move from the axon terminal to the cell body?

Answer 7

Neurotransmitter molecules diffuse across the ECF of the synaptic cleft

Question 8

Describe the properties of the cell membrane. What is the membrane made out of and how does this affect
the movement of molecules into and out of the cell?

Answer 8

1. Made of phosolipid bilayers
2. phosolipids are nonpolar
3. mix with other non polar substances (allow chemicals through) but are repelled from polar substances (ECF and ICF)

Question 9

Resting Membrane Potential

1. Charge value 2. charge type 3. concentration 4. gradients

Answer 9

1. • 70mV
2. positively charged extracellular membrane/ negatively charged intracellular membrane
3. high concentration of Na+ in ECF/ high concentration of K+ in ICF
4. Very strong electrochemical gradient of Na+/ less strong electrochemical gradient of K+

Question 10

Depolarization

1. Charge value 2. charge type 3. concentration 4. gradients

Answer 10

1. • 55mV threshold – +35mV
2. negatively charged extracellular membrane/ positively charged intracellular membrane
3. low concentration of Na+ in ECF/ high concentration of K+ in ICF

Question 11

Repolarization

Answer 11

1. • 70mV
2. positively charged extracellular membrane/ negatively charged intracellular membrane
3. high concentration of Na+ in ECF/ high concentration of K+ in ICF
4. Very strong electrochemical gradient of Na+/ less strong electrochemical gradient of K+