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DH 111 Dental and Orofacial Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Orgin:

A

end of the muscle that is attached to the least movable structure.

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2
Q

Insertion:

A

Other end of the muscle and is attached to the more moveable structure.

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3
Q

Name the Suprahyoid muscles

A

Digastric
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid

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4
Q

Action Digastric

A

Elevation of hyoid and larynx / depress mandible and opens jaw

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5
Q

Action Mylohyoid

A

Elevates tongue, depress mandible, elevated hyoid bone

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6
Q

Action Stylohyoid

A

Elevation of hyoid and larynx

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7
Q

Action Geniohyoid

A

Elevation of hyoid and larynx / depress mandible and opens jaw

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8
Q

Name the Infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid

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9
Q

Action sternothyroid

A

Depress thyroid cartilage and larynx

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10
Q

Action Sternohyoid

A

Depresses hyoid

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11
Q

Action omohyoid

A

Depress hyoid bone

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12
Q

Action Thyrohyoid

A

Raises thyroid cartilage and larynx, depress hyoid bone.

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13
Q

What muscle is the most obvious muscle of mastication?

A

Masseter muscle

-Since it is the most superficial and one of the strongest.

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14
Q

What muscle is responsible for elevating the angle of the mouth?

A

Zygomaticus Major.

Levator Anguli Oris.

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15
Q

What muscles contributes to smiling?

A

Zygomaticus Major.
Zygomaticus Minor.
Levator Anguli Oris.

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16
Q

What muscle is responsible for elevating the upper lip?

A

Levator Labii Superioris

Zygomaticus Minor.

17
Q

Levator labii Superioris muscle:

A 
Broad, flat.
Oral region
Facial Expression
ACTION: elevates the upper lip. 
ORIGIN: maxilla
INSERTION: upper lip.
18
Q

Levator labii superioris alaque nasi muscle:

A 
Oral region
Facial expression
ACTION: Elevates the upper lip and ala of the nose; dialates each of the nares (sneering expression). 
ORIGIN: Maxilla
INSERTION: Ala, upper lip.
19
Q

Review muscles that aid in lowering the lips.

A 
Orbicularis Oris (MAYBE)
Depressor Labii Inferioris
20
Q

Know which muscles cause the forehead to wrinkle.

A

Epicranial

Corrugator Supercilii

21
Q

Know what muscle encircles the eye and which one encircles the mouth.

A

Eye: Obicularis oculi.
Mouth: Obicularis oris
-Vermillion zone fibers of the muscle encircle the mouth.

22
Q

Know the muscles that comprise the floor of the mouth.

A

Mylohyoid muscle.

Geniohyoid (MAYBE).

23
Q

What is the longitudinal depression which runs down the midline of the tongue is called?

A

Median lingual sulcus

24
Q

What nerve innervates the tongue muscles?

A

HYPOGLOSSAL Nerve (12th cranial nerve) innervates the tongue muscles.

25
Q

What muscles are at work during swallowing?

A

Stylopharyngeus Muscle
Pharyngeal constrictors
Muscles of the soft palate

26
Q

Review posterior and anterior triangles. What divides them?

A

Divided by sterncleidomastoid muscle.

Helps to define location of structures (lymph nodes in the head and neck).

27
Q

Review masseter muscle.

A 
Muscle of mastication:
-Location: superficial cheek
-Region: Cheek
-Origin: 
Superficial head: zygomatic process
Deep head: zygomatic arch
-Insertion:
Superficial head: angle of mandible 
Deep head: ramus
-Action: Elevate mandible, close jaw.
28
Q

Review epicranial muscle.

A 
Muscle of facial expression:
-Location: scalp
-Region: Frontal/Occipital
-Origin: 
Front belly: tendon
Occipital belly: occipital bone and mastoid process
-Insertion:
Front belly: skin of eyebrow/root of the nose.
Occipital belly: tendon.
-Action: Surprise (forehead movement)
29
Q

Sternocleidomastoid:

A

-Location: Lateral sides of the neck (paired)
-Origin: Clavicle, sternum.
-Insertion: Mastoid process of the temporal bone and line of occipital bone.
-Action:
One muscle: head and neck bend to ipsilateral side.
Both muscles: Neck flex, junction of head and neck extend.

30
Q

Trapezius:

A
  • Location: Superficial to posterior and lateral surface of neck
  • Origin: Occipital bone
  • Insertion: clavicle and parts of scapula
  • Action: Lift clavicle and scapula when shoulders are “shrugged”.
31
Q

Muscles of MASTICATION (4):

A

o Masseter Muscle
o Temporalis Muscle
o Medial Pterygoid Muscle
o Lateral Pterygoid Muscle

32
Q

Muscles of FACIAL EXPRESSION (15):

A 
o	Epicranial
o	Obicularis Oculi
o	Corrugator Supercilii
o	Obicularis Oris
o	Buccinator
o	Risorius
o	Levator Labii superioris
o	Levator labii superioris alaque nasi
o	Zygomaticus Major
o	Zygomaticus Minor
o	Levator anguli oris 
o	Depressor labii inferioris
o	Mentalis
o	Platysma
33
Q

Suprahyoid Muscles (4):

A

o Digastric
o Mylohyoid
o Stylohyoid
o Geniohyoid

34
Q

Infrahyoid Muscles (4):

A

o Omohyoid
o Sternohyoid
o Sternothyroid
o Thyrohyoid

DH 111 Dental and Orofacial Anatomy (15 decks)

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