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Anatomy and Physiology 1 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the connective tissue layers of a skeletal muscle?

A
  1. Epimysium - surrounds entire muscle
  2. Perimysium - surrounds fascicles
  3. Endomysium - surrounds individual cells
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2
Q

Band without myosin

A

L-band

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3
Q

Cytoplasm of a myocyte

A

Sarcoplasm

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4
Q

What is The Triad?

A

Where the T-Tubule meets with the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum on either side

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5
Q

Label the things

A
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6
Q

label the things

A
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7
Q

How are the various connective tissue layers of the muscle connected to each other?

A

Fibers from the endomysium and perimysium are woven into each other.

All three come together at the end of the muscle to form a tendon or aponeurosis

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8
Q

Perimysium

A
  • Surrounds muscle fascicles
  • Connective tissue with collagin and elastic fibers
  • Contains nervs and blood vessels
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9
Q

What are thick filaments made of?

A

A bunch of myosin

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10
Q

Z-line

A

Where the actin molecules are bound together

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11
Q

Muscle contraction where length changes

A

Isotonic

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12
Q

acetylcholine

A

flat sheet of connective tissue that connect flat sheets of muscle (abdominal)

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13
Q

Which neurotransmitter is used in the neuromuscular junction?

A

Acetylcholine (ACh)

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14
Q

Parts of a muscle twitch (over time)

A
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15
Q

Which two proteins make up myofibrils?

A
  1. Actin
  2. Myosin
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16
Q

Lable the things!

A
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17
Q

Treppe

A

Muscle gets stimulated quickly enough that the peak of the contraction phase keeps getting higher, but the muscle is allowed to fully relax inbetween twitches.

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18
Q

What is the part of the sarcomere where the thin and thick filaments overlap?

A

Crossbridge

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19
Q

Fluid surrounding cells

A

Interstitial fluid

20
Q

Molecule that can store energy for 15 seconds

A

Creatine phosphate (CP)

21
Q

One muscle stimulation is called:

A

A twitch

22
Q

What is the border between sarcomeres called?

A

Z-line

23
Q

Line where actin filaments are attached

A

M-line

24
Q

Steps in cellular respiration

A
25
Q

Which part of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is in contact with the transverst tubules?

A

The Terminal Cisterna

26
Q

Basic formula for cellular respiration

A

O2 + glucose → ATP + CO2 + H2O

27
Q

How does calcium get from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the myofibrils?

A

Voltage gated calcium channels

28
Q

Endomysium

A
  • Surrounds individual muscle cells (fibers)
  • Contains satellite cells, capillaries, and nerves
  • Areolar connective tissue
29
Q

Stretchy molecule that binds the tips of the Myosin molecules to the Z line

A

Titin

30
Q

Incomplete tetanus

A

Muscle stimulation comes quick enough that the relaxation period starts getting shorter.

31
Q

How does calcium allow actin to pull the myosin along?

A

Calcium (Ca2+) binds to Troponin complex, pulling Tropomyosin out of the way of the Myosin binding sites on the Actin.

32
Q

What are the steps of the “sliding fillament thingy” that use ATP?

A

Unactivated Myosin + ATP → activated Myosin

Activated Myosin + Actin → MOVEMENT

Post movemente Myosin + ATP → unactivated Myosin

33
Q

M-Line

A

Where Myosin molecules are bound together

34
Q

Label the things!

A
35
Q

What are thin filaments made of?

A

Two strands of Actin, twisted with Tropomyosin, smattered with Troponin

36
Q

Tetanus

A

Stimulation rate increases until the relaxion phase disapears

37
Q

Basic unit of muscle contraction

A

Sarcomere

38
Q

Actin and Myosin are:

A

Myofilaments

39
Q

Connective tissue connecting muscle to muscle

A

Aponeurosis

40
Q

Pump that maintains normal membrane potential

A

Na+/K+ ATPase

(maintains higher sodium outside and higher potassium inside)

41
Q

bundle of muscle fibers controlled by the same nerve

A

motor unit

42
Q

Epimysium

A
  • Surrounds muscle organ
  • Connected to deep fascia
  • Dense irregular CT
43
Q

Holds actin strands together

A

nebulin

44
Q

Band with myosin

A

A-band

45
Q

Cell membrane of a myocyte

A

Sarcolemma

46
Q

Muscle contraction where length does not change

A

isometric

Anatomy and Physiology 1 (10 decks)

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