Muscles

Question 1

What does your muscles turn energy into.

Answer 1

Muscles turns Chemical potential energy into mechanical energy.

Question 2

What are the three types of muscle tissue??

Answer 2

Smooth- short tapered cells, but no striations. Founds on the walls of your hollow visceral organs I.E stomach, intestines, bladder, blood vessels etc. INVOLUNTARY

Cardiac muscle - the heart, muscle tissue known as MYOCARDIUM, striated. INVOLUNTARY

Skeletal muscle- 640 skeletal muscles, VOLUNTARY striated

Question 3

What part of the muscle fibre cell turn sugars, fats and protein into forms of chemical energy

Answer 3

Mitochondria- Organelles

Kills unwanted cells

Question 4

What is the name of the muscle cell striated muscles?

Answer 4

Myocytes

Question 5

A bundle of structures holding the muscle fibers together?

Answer 5

Fascicle

Question 6

Supportive sheet of connective tissue that covers the whole muscle?

Answer 6

Epimysium

Question 7

A sheath of connective tissue which covers the fascicles ?

Answer 7

Perimysium

Question 8

Sheesh of connective tissue which covers the muscle fibres ?

Answer 8

ENDOmysium

Question 9

Two types of muscle filaments?

Small proteins

Answer 9

Thin filaments- ACTIN

Thick filaments - MYOSIN

Question 10

Basic rod like unit of muscle cell

Answer 10

Myofibril

Question 11

Myosin??

Answer 11

1. ATP dependent.

2. HEAD NECK AND Tail

Question 12

Actin is blocked buy a protein which regulates function.

Answer 12

Tropomyosin

Troponin

Broken with ATP

Question 13

Muscles transport and storage system

Answer 13

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Walls are loaded with calcium pumps which use ATP to save up calcium ions.

Question 14

A fine transparent tubular sheath which envelops the fibres of skeletal muscles.

Answer 14

Sarcolemma - contains tubes which run deep inside cell called transverse tubules

Question 15

What binds with tropinin ?

Answer 15

Calcium

Calcium binds with tropinin which causes protein to change shape.

This also causes the troponin to pull the tropomyosin away from actin strands which enables myosin to come through.

Question 16

What energy stores allow Myosin to bind with Actin?

Answer 16

ATP

ATP which is attached to myosin heads bind with actin.

Myosin head breaks ATP into ADP And a left over phosphate.

Question 17

What is isometric contraction?

Answer 17

Load =tension or force generated by the muscle

No change in muscle length

Question 18

FYI - FORCE GENERATION IS DEPENDENT ON THE AMOUNT OF OVERLAP BETWEEN THE THIN AND THICK MYOFILAMENTS

Answer 18

FYI - FORCE GENERATION IS DEPENDENT ON THE AMOUNT OF OVERLAP BETWEEN THE THIN AND THICK MYOFILAMENTS

Question 19

How do you calculate power from force and velocity?

Answer 19

Power = force x velocity

Question 20

Isokinetic action

Answer 20

Produces movement at a constant speed over a joints full range of motion.

Question 21

Isotonic muscle action

Answer 21

Muscle tension remains constant while changes length as it overcomes constant resistance

Question 22

All or none principle?

Answer 22

If the stimulus is above threshold, the nerve or muscle fibre will give a complete response or otherwise , no response at all. Once the stimulus exceeds a certain strength (threshold level), an action potential is generated and propagates along the membrane of the nerve cell which connects to other nerve cells or muscle fibers.