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Gross Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial pectoral

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: crest of greater tubercle and cranial humeral border
Action: adduct thoracic limb

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2
Q

Deep pectoral

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: greater/lesser tubercles
Action: adduct thoracic limb and pull it caudally

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3
Q

Brachiocephalicus

A

Origin: clavicular intersection
Insertion: distal cranial humerus, mastoid process of temporal bone, dorsal midline of neck
Action: pull thoracic limb cranially and depress head/neck laterally

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4
Q

Omotransversarius

A

Cranial-most: wing of atlas
Caudal-most: distal spine of scapula
Action: pull thoracic limb cranially and depress head/neck laterally

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5
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: dorsal neck and dorsal thorax
Insertion: spine of scapula
Action: elevate thoracic limb

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6
Q

Rhomboideus

A

Origin: dorsal neck (cervicis), dorsal thorax (thoracis), nuchal crest of occipital bone (capitis)
Insertion: dorsal border of scapula and scapular cartilage
Action: elevate thoracic limb

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7
Q

Serratus ventralis

A

Origin: cervical vertebrae and thoracic wall of ribs
Insertion: serrated face of scapula
Action: support and elevate trunk

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: teres major tuberosity
Action: draw thoracic limb caudally, flex/extend humeral joint

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9
Q

Sternocephalicus

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: mastoid process and occipital bone
Action: depress head and neck, draw them laterally

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10
Q

Sternohyoideus

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: basihyoid
Action: pull tongue and larynx caudally

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11
Q

Sternothyroideus

A

Origin: cranial aspect of sternum
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Action: pull tongue and larynx caudally

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12
Q

Deltoideus

A

Origin: spine of scapula and acromion
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: flex humeral joint

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13
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: extend humeral joint

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14
Q

Subscapularis

A

Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle
Action: adduct limb

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15
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: flex humeral joint, abduct limb

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16
Q

Teres major

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula
Insertion: teres major tuberosity
Action: flex humeral joint

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17
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: radial and ulnar tuberosity
Action: flex cubital joint and extend humeral joint

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18
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin: brachial groove
Insertion: proximal radius and ulna
Action: flex cubital joint

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19
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula (long head), proximal humerus (all other heads)
Insertion: olecranon tuber
Action: flex humeral joint (long) and extend cubital joint (all other heads)

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20
Q

Extensor carpi radialis

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: dorsal base of 2 and 3 metacarpals
Action: extend carpal joints

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21
Q

Common digital extensor

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: extensor processes of distal phalanges
Action: extend carpal and digital joints

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22
Q

Lateral digital extensor (thoracic)

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: distal phalanges and/or proximal/medial lateral digits
Action: extend carpal and digital joints

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23
Q

Ulnaris lateralis

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: accessory carpal bone and lateral base of 5th metacarpal
Action: flex carpal joints, abduct manus

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24
Q

Supinator

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: body of radius
Action: supination of manus

25
Brachioradialis
Origin: lateral epicondyle Insertion: fascia near carpus Action: flexes cubital joint and supinates manus
26
Flexor carpi radialis
Origin: medial epicondyle Insertion: palmar base of metacarpal bones 2 and 3 Action: flex carpal joints
27
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Origin: medial epicondyle and olecranon Insertion: accessory carpal bone Action: flex carpal joints
28
Superficial digital flexor (thoracic)
Origin: medial epicondyle Insertion: palmar aspects of middle phalanges Action: flex carpal joints, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints
29
Deep digital flexor
Origin: medial epicondyle, radius, ulna Insertion: flexor tubercles of distal phalanges Action: flex carpal and digital joints
30
Pronator teres
Origin: medial epicondyle Acton: weak elbow flexion and weak pronation of manus
31
Pronator quadratus
Attachments: apposed surfaces of radius and ulna Action: pronation of manus
32
Interossei muscles
Origin: palmar base of metacarpal bone Insertion: palmar base of proximal phalanges and tendon of common digital extensor Action: flexes/supports metacarpophalangeal joint
33
Tensor fasciae latae
Origin: tuber coxae Insertion: fascia lata Action: tense fascia lata (flex coxal joint and extend genual joint)
34
Superficial gluteal
Origin: sacrotuberous ligament Insertion: third trochanter Action: abduct limb
35
Middle gluteal
Origin: gluteal surface of ilium Insertion: greater trochanter Action: extend coxal joint, abduct limb
36
Deep gluteal
Origin: body of ischium and ischiatic spine Insertion: greater trochanter Action: extend coxal joint
37
Piriformis
Origin: sacrum and 1st caudal vertebra Insertion: greater trochanter Action: extend coxal joint
38
External obturator
Origin: ventral aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen Insertion: trochanteric fossa Action: rotate limb laterally at coxal joint
39
Internal obturator
Origin: dorsal aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen Insertion: trochanteric fossa Action: rotate limb laterally at coxal joint
40
Gemelli
Origin: lateral aspect of ischium Insertion: trochanteric fossa Action: rotate limb laterally at coxal joint
41
Quadratus femoris
Origin: ventral aspect of ischium Insertion: caudal femur near trochanteric fossa Action: extend coxal joint, rotate limb laterally at coxal
42
Biceps femoris
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament Insertion: patella, tibia, tuber calcanei Action: extend coxal joint, extend tarsocrural joint, variable on genual
43
Semitendinosus
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity Insertion: tibia and tuber calcanei Action: extend coxal joint, variable on genual, extend tarsocrural joint
44
Semimembranosus
Origin: on/near ischiatic tuberosity Insertion: distal femur and proximal tibia Action: extend coxal joint, variable on genual
45
Gracilis
Origin: pelvic symphysis Insertion: medial aspect of genual region Action: adduct limb, extend coxal joint, flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint
46
Sartorius
Origin: crest of ilium Insertion: medial aspect of genual region Action: flex coxal joint, extend genual joint (cranial) and flexes genual joint (caudal)
47
Pectineus
Origin: iliopubic eminence Insertion: distal body of femur Acton: adduct limb
48
Adductor
Origin: ventral surface of os coxae Insertion: caudal surface of femur Action: adduct limb and extend coxal joint
49
Quadriceps femoris
Origin: ilium (rectus femoris) and proximal femur for the other 3 Insertion: tibial tuberosity Action: flex the coxal joint (rectus femoris), other 3 extend the genual joint
50
Iliopsoas
Origin: ilium and lumbar vertebrae Insertion: lesser trochanter Action: flex coxal joint
51
Cranial tibial
Origin: lateral aspect of proximal tibia Insertion: plantar base of metatarsal bones 1 and 2 Action: flex tarsocrural joint
52
Long digital extensor
Origin: extensor fossa Insertion: extensor processes of distal phalanges Action: extend genual joint, flex tarsocrural joint, extend digital joints
53
Lateral digital extensor (pelvic)
Origin: on/near proximal aspect of fibula Insertion: lateral digits Action: flex tarsocrural joint and extend digital joint
54
Peroneus longus
Origin: on/near lateral collateral ligament Insertion: plantar base of metatarsal bones Action: flex tarsocrural joint
55
Gastrocnemius
Origin: distal caudal femur Insertion: tuber calcanei Action: flex genual joint and extend tarsocrural joint
56
Superficial digital flexor (pelvic)
Origin: lateral supracondylar tuberosity Insertion: tuber calcanei and bases of middle phalanges Action: flex genual joint, extend tarsocrural joint, flex metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints
57
Deep digital flexor (pelvic)
Origin: proximal caudal aspect of tibia and fibula Insertion: flexor tubercle of distal phalanges Action: extend tarsocrural joint, flex digital joints
58
Popliteus
Origin: popliteal fossa Insertion: proximal caudal aspect of tibia Acton: sensory function for genual joint

Gross Anatomy (6 decks)

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