Muscles 360 Flashcards
Hip abductors
Gluteus medius and Tensor Fasciae Latae
Hip Adductors
Adductor max, longus, and brevis Biceps Femoris (long head) Semimembranosus Adductor magnus (posterior fibers) Gluteus medius Pectineus
Extension of Hip
Glute max Biceps Femoris (long head) Semimembranosus Adductor Magnus (posterior fibers) Gluteus medius
Extension of Knee
Rectus Femoris Vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius
Flexion of Hip
Psoas Major Illiacus Tensor Fasciae latae Sartorius Rectus Femoris Gluteus maximus (anterior fibers) Gluteus medius (anterior fibers) Gluteus minimus
Flexion of knee
Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Gracilis Sartourius Popilteal
Lateral (external) rotation of flexed knee
Biceps Femoris
Lateral (external) rotation of Hip
Glute max Piriformis Quadratus femoris Obrturator femoris Obrturator internus & externus Gremellus superior and inferior Glute medius (posterior fibers) Psoas major Iliacus Sartorius
Medial Rotation (internal) of Flexed Knee
semitendinosus Semimembranous Gracils Sartorius Popliteal
Medial (internal) rotation of the Hip
Glute medius (anterior fibers) Gluteus minumus Tensor fasclae latae Adductor magnus, longus, and brevis Pectineus Gracilis
Ankle Dorsiflexion:
Tibialis Anterior, extensor digitorum longus, & extensor hallucius longus
Ankle Plantar Flexion
Gastrocsnemius, Soleous, & Tibialis Posterior
Ankle Inversion
Tibialis Anterior & Posterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallucis Longus, & Extensor Longus.
Ankle Eversion
: Peroneous longus & Brevis, & Extensor Digitorum Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adduct hip Medially Rotate
Adductor Longus
Adduct hip Medially rotate
Adductor Magnus
Aduct hip Medially rotate Extend hip (posterior fibers)
Biceps Femoris
Flex knee Laterally rotate flexed knee Long head (extend hip laterally
Gemellus Inferior
Laterally Rotate the Hip
Gemellus Superior
Laterally Rotate the Hip
Gluteus Maximus
ALL Fibers
Extend, Laterally Rotate, and ABduct Hip
Lower Fibers
ADduct Hip
Gluteus Medius
All Fibers
ABduct hip
Anterior Fibers
Flex and Medially rotate hip
Posterior Fibers
Extend Hip
Laterally Rotate
Gluteus Minimus
ABduct, Medially rotate, and Flex Hip
Gracilis
Adduct and MEdially rotate Hip
Flex and Medially rotate knee
Illiacus
Origin fixed:
Flex hip
Insertion fixed: Flex trunk toward thigh and Tilt pelvis anteriorly
Obturator Externus
Laterally Rotate Hip
Obturator Internus
Laterally Rotate Hip
Pectineus
ADduct and Medially rotate hip
Piriformis
Laterally rotate and ABduct hip when flexed
Psoas Major
Origin fixed:
Flex Hip
Insertion fixed:
Flex trunk towards thigh and Tilt pelvis anteriorly
Psoas Minor
Assist to create lordortic curve and tilt pelvis posteriorly
Quadratus Femoris
Laterally Rotate
Rectus Femoris
Extend Knee
Flex Hip
Sartorius
Flex, Laterally Rotate, Abduct Hip
Flex and Medially Rotate Knee
Semimembranosus
Flex and medially rotate Knee
Extend Hip
Tilt pelvis posteriorly
Semitedinosus
Flex and Medially rotae knee
Extend hip
Tilt pelvis posteriorly
TFL
Flex, medially rotate, and ABduct hip
Vastus Intermedius
Extend Knee
Vastus Lateralis
Extend Knee
Vastus Medialis
Extend Knee
Extensor Digitorum Longus

Extension 2-5, Dorsiflexion, & Eversion.
Gastrocnsemius

Plantar Flexion & Knee Flexion
Lumbricals

Flex proximal2-5 Extend Distal 2-5
Peroneus

Eversion & Plantar Flexion
Peroneus Brevis & Longus

Plantar Flexion & Eversion
Plantaris

Plantar Flexion & Flexion of Knee
Popliteus

Medially rotate and flex knee
Soleus

Plantar Flexion
Tibialis Anterior

Dorsiflexion and Eversion
Tibialis Posterior

Plantar Flexion and Inversion
Obturator
Adductor Brevis and Longus, Gracilis, & Obturator Externus.
Obturator & Sciatic
Adductor Magnus
Sciatic
KNEE FLEXION Biceps Femoris, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus
Sacral Plexus
LATERAL ROTATION OF HIP Gemellus inferior & superior, obturator internus, Piriformis, & Quadratus Femoris.
Inferior Gluteal
Gluteus Maximus
Superial Gluteal
HIP FLEXION & ABDUCTION Glute med & min, & TFL
Femoral
EXTENSION OF KNEE Illiacus, Rectus Femoris, Sartorius, & Vastus
Femoral & Obturator
Pectineus
Lumbar Plexsus
Psoas Major & Minor
Deep Peroneal
DORSIFLEXION Tibialis Anterior, Ext. Digitorum Longus, Ext. Hallucis Longus.
Superficial Peroneal
PLANTAR FLEXION &EVERSION Peroneus Longus & Brevis Subtaylor Joint
Tibial Nerve
PLANTAR FLEXION & INVERSION Gastrocsemius, Soleus, Plantaris, Tibialis posterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, & Flexor Hallucis Longus.
Medial Plantar Nerve
Flexor Digitorum Brevis, Abductor hallucis, Flexor Hallucis Brevis, & Lumbrical (2)
Lateral Plantar Nerve
Abductor Digiti Minimi, Quadratus plantae, Flexor digit minimi, Adductor hallucis, Plantar Interossei, Dorsal Interossei, & Lumbricals (3-5)
Common Peroneal Nerve
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Adductor Brevis
Inferior ramus of pubis
Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera
Adductor Longus
Pubic tubercule
Medial lip of linea aspera
Adductor Magnus
Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity
Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercule
Biceps Femoris
Long head: Ischial Tuberosity Short Head: Lateral lip of linea aspera
Head of Fibula
Gemellus Inferior
Ischial tuberosity
Medial Surface of greater trochanter
Gemellus Superior
Ischial Spine
Medial surface of greater trochanter
Gluteus Maximus
Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior illiac crest
Illiotibial tract upper fibers and gluteal tuberosity Lower Fibers
Gluteus Medius
Gluteul surfce of illium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the illiac crest
lateral aspect of greater trochanter
Gluteus Minimus
Gluteal surface of illium between the anterior and infeior gluteal lines
Lateral aspect of greater trochanter
Gracilis
inferior ramus of pubis
Proximal medial shaft of tibula
Illiacus
Illiac Fossa
Lesser Trochanter
Obturator Externus
Rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane
Obturator Internus
Obturator membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
Pectineus
Superior ramus of pubis
Pectineal line of femur
Piriformis
Anterior surface of sacrum
Superior aspect of greater trochanter
Psoas Major
Bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertabre
Lesser Trochanter
Psoas Minor
Bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertabre
Superior ramus of pubis
Quadratus Femoris
Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
Interchanteric crest, between the greater and lesser trochanters
Rectus Femoris
Anterior inferior Illiac spine
Tibial Tuberosity
Sartorius
Anterior superior illiac spine
Proximal medial shaft of tibia
Semimembranosus
Ischial tuberosity
Posterior medial condyle of tibia
Semitendinosus
Ischial tuberosity
Proximal medial shaft of tibia
TFL
Illiac crest, posterior to the anterior superior illiac spine
IT Band
Vastus Intermedius
Anterior and lateral shaft of femur
Tibial Tuberosity
Vastus Lateralis
Lateral lip of aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter
Tibial Tuberosity
Vastus Medialis
Medial lip of linea aspera
Tibial Tuberosity
Extensor Digitorum Longus

O: Lateral Tibia & Proximal Fibula
I: Base of 2-5
Flexor Digitorum Longus

O: Posterior middle 1/3 Tibia
I: base of four lesser toes
Gastrocsnemius

O: Distal 2/3 of posterior fibula
I: Plantar base of great Toe
Lumbricals

O: Tendons of Flexor Digitorum Longus
Trochanteric fossa of femurI: Base of 2-5
Peroneus

O: Lateral Condyle of Tibia
I: Plantar base of pinky toe
Peroneus Brevis & Longus

O: 2/3 Lateral fibula
I: Styloid Process of 5/ Base of 1
Plantaris

O: Lateral Femur
I: Calcaneous via Achilles tendon
Soleus

O: Fibula Head, Posterior tibia
I: Calcaneous via Achilles Tendon
Tibialis Anterior

O: Tibia and interosseous membrane
I: medial cuneiform at the base of the 1st metarsal
Tibialis Posterior

O: 2/3 of posterior tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
I: bases 2-4
Popliteus
O: Lateral condyle of femur
I: Proximal posterior aspect of tibia
Angle of inclination
frontal plane of angle between neck and shaft of femur 125 degrees
Coxa Valga
Angle of inclination more than 125
Coxa Varus
less than 125 degrees
Torision
femur naturally twisted along it’s axis
normal anteversion
15 degree torision angle
retroversion
torosion less than 15
Transverse acetabular ligament
spans acetabular notch, completing the cup of the acetabulum
Ligamentous teres
provide femoral head with blood
Coxa Velga
angle of inclination less than 15
ASIS located on
Illium
Illiofemoral, ischiofemoraland pubofemoral ligaments
limit extension of hip
anterior pelvic tilt
Short-arc pelvic on femoral hip flexion with the trunk remaining essentialy upright
Hiking on right side of pelvis
motion os closed chain abd of left hip motion involves left glut med
Obturator nerve innervates
Adductors
action that occurs in the horizontal plane
Hip internal rotation
Primary hip flexor?
Illiopsoas
muscles that produce posterior pelvic tilt
Glut Max Rectus Abd
Anterior Pelvic Tilt
Increasing Lordosis of Spine
Abs are weak resisted hip flexion will cause
Increasing Lordosis of Spine
Posterior Pelvic Tilt
Decreases Lordosis of Spine
Hip is flexed to 70 degrees
adductors have a favorable line of pull to preform hip extension
Not an action of the Glute Max
Internal rotation
When illiopsoas is stretched pelvis must be stabilized to prevent
Unwanted Lordosis
During normal standing weight where does the body lean?
posterior
posterior pelvic tilt is accompanied by
decreasing lordosis at spine
Tredelenburg
weak Abductors
Normal Genu Valgum
170-175 degrees
primary ligament involved in resisting large valgus producing forces of knee
medial collateral ligament
Terrible Triad
injury of medialcollateral ligament anterior cruciate ligament medial meniscus
medial and lateral menisci
absorb and disperse comprehensive forces between the tibia and femur
screw home mechanisim
absorb and disperse compressive forces between the tibia and femur
genu recurvatum
a knee that displays marked hyperextension
patella
Increases the internal movement arm of the quads enhancing knee extension torque
extensor lag
inability to complete the final few degrees of knee extension possibly due to swelling within the knee
tight hamstings
= a relative posterior pelvic tilt
multi articular muscles
vastus lateralis vastus medialis
quads are active eccentrically
knee moving into flexion
posterior cruciate ligament
reisist posterior translation of the tibia relative to a fixed femur
Upper Trap A
Elevation ST
Middle Trap A
Retraction (Adduction) ST, Depression ST
Rhomboid Minor A
Retraction (Adduction) ST and
Elevate
downward rotation ST
Pec major A
Adduct shoulder
Medially Rotates
Assist to elevate
Infraspinatus A
GH Laterally rotates
Adducts
Stabilizes
Biceps Brachii A
Flexion GH
Lower Trap A
Depression ST
Levator Scapula A
Elevation ST
Rhomboid Major A
Adducts
Elevates
Down Rot
Seratus Anterior A
Upward rotate ST and Retraction ST
Pec major A
Adduct shoulder
Medially Rotates
Assist to elevate
Subscapularis A
medial rotation
Stabilization
Supraspinatous A
Abduction GH
Stabilize GH
Infraspinatus A
GH Laterally rotates
Adducts
Stabilizes
Teres Minor A
Laterally Rotate
Adduct
Stabilize
Teres Major A
GH Extension
Adduction
Medial Rotation
Lat Dorsi A
Extension and Internal Rotation of the GH, Shoulder Extension of the Axial-Humeral
Biceps Brachii A
Flexion GH
Corachobrachialis A
Shoulder flexion of GH
Deltoid A
GH abduct Ant: Flex Laterally rotate Horizontally adduct Post fibers: Extend Laterally rotate Horizontally abduct
Brachialis A
flex elbow
Triceps Brachii A
Extend elbow
Biceps Brachii
Short head: Coracoid process Long H: Supraglenoid tubercule
tuberosity of radius and aponeurosis
Coracobrachialis
Corocoid process
Medial surface of midhumeral shaft
Upper Trap
occipital protuberance on cervical vertebrae
Posterior- superior aspect of lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Middle Trap
T1-5 spinous vertabre
Medial aspect of acromian
Lower Trap
T6-12 vertebrae (spinous process) Supraspinous ligaments
Spine of scapula near medial border
Levator Scapla
Transverse process of C1-4
Medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of scapular spine
Rhomboid Major
Spinous process of T2-5
Medial border of scapula from root of scapular spine to inferior angle of scapula
Rhomboid Minor
Spinous process of C7-T1
Upper portion of medial border of the scapula, at the level of the spine of the scapula
Serratus Anterior
External surface of lateral region of 8 or 9 ribs
Anterior surface of medial border of the scapula
Pec Major
Upper fiber - Medial half of clavicle. Lower fiber - sternum and cartilage of 1-6 ribs
Crest Greater tubercle of humerus
Subscapularis
Subscapular fossa of the scapula
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
Supraspinatus O
Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Greater tubercle of the humerus
Infraspinatus
infraspinatus fossa of the scapula
Greater tubercle of humerus
Teres Minor
Upper two-thirds of lateral border of the scapula
Greater tubercle of humerus
Teres Major
Inferior angle and lowe ⅓ of lateral border of the scapula
Crest of the lesser tubercule of the humerus
Lat Dorsi
Inferior angle of scapula, spinous processes of last six thoracic vertebrae, last three of four ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest
Intertubercular groove of the humerus
Biceps Brachii
Long head; supraglenoid tubercle of glenoid fossa
Common tendon to radial tuberosity of radius
Coracobrachialis
Coracoid process of scapula
Medial surface of mid-humeral shaft
Triceps Brachii O
■ Origin: Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula ● Lateral head: Posterior surface of proximal half of the humerus ● Medial head: Posterior surface of distal half of the humerus
Deltoid
Lateral one third of clavicle, acromian and spine of scapula
Deltoid Tuberosity
cranial/ventral ramus
Trapezius
Dorsal Sacpularis
Levator scap rhomboid major
Long Thoracic
Serratus Anterior
Upper and Lower subscapular
Teres Major Subscapularis
Suprascapular nerve
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus
Median
pronation Flexor Carpi Radialis Siperficilis Profundus 1-2
Ulnar
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Profunds 3-4
Radial
Extensors Supinator
Upper Trap A
Elevation ST
Middle Trap A
Retraction (Adduction) ST, Depression ST
Lower Trap A
Depression ST
Levator Scapula A
Elevation ST
Rhomboid Major A
Adducts
Elevates
Down Rot
Rhomboid Minor A
Retraction (Adduction) ST and
Elevate
downward rotation ST
Seratus Anterior A
Upward rotate ST and Retraction ST
Pec major A
Adduct shoulder
Medially Rotates
Assist to elevate
Subscapularis A
medial rotation
Stabilization
Supraspinatous A
Abduction GH
Stabilize GH
Infraspinatus A
GH Laterally rotates
Adducts
Stabilizes
Teres Minor A
Laterally Rotate
Adduct
Stabilize
Teres Major A
GH Extension
Adduction
Medial Rotation
Lat Dorsi A
Extension and Internal Rotation of the GH, Shoulder Extension of the Axial-Humeral
Biceps Brachii A
Flexion GH
Corachobrachialis A
Shoulder flexion of GH
Deltoid A
GH abduct Ant: Flex Laterally rotate Horizontally adduct Post fibers: Extend Laterally rotate Horizontally abduct
Brachialis A
flex elbow
Brachioradialis A
Flex elbow
Triceps Brachii A
Extend elbow
Anconeus A
Extend
Supinator A
Supinate the forearm
Pronator Teres A
Pronate the forearm
Pronator Quadratus A
Pronate the forearm
Flexor Carpi Radialis A
Flex the wrist
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris A
Flex the wrist
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus A
Extend wrist
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis A
Extend wrist
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris A
Extend the wrist
Pectoralis Minor A
Depresses
Abducts
Downwardly Rotates
Biceps Brachii
Short head: Coracoid process Long H: Supraglenoid tubercule
tuberosity of radius and aponeurosis
Coracobrachialis
Corocoid process
Medial surface of midhumeral shaft
Upper Trap
occipital protuberance on cervical vertebrae
Posterior- superior aspect of lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Middle Trap
T1-5 spinous vertabre
Medial aspect of acromian
Lower Trap
T6-12 vertebrae (spinous process) Supraspinous ligaments
Spine of scapula near medial border
Levator Scapla
Transverse process of C1-4
Medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of scapular spine
Rhomboid Major
Spinous process of T2-5
Medial border of scapula from root of scapular spine to inferior angle of scapula
Rhomboid Minor
Spinous process of C7-T1
Upper portion of medial border of the scapula, at the level of the spine of the scapula
Serratus Anterior
External surface of lateral region of 8 or 9 ribs
Anterior surface of medial border of the scapula
Pec Major
Upper fiber - Medial half of clavicle. Lower fiber - sternum and cartilage of 1-6 ribs
Crest Greater tubercle of humerus
Subscapularis
Subscapular fossa of the scapula
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
Supraspinatus O
Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Greater tubercle of the humerus
Infraspinatus
infraspinatus fossa of the scapula
Greater tubercle of humerus
Teres Minor
Upper two-thirds of lateral border of the scapula
Greater tubercle of humerus
Teres Major
Inferior angle and lowe ⅓ of lateral border of the scapula
Crest of the lesser tubercule of the humerus
Lat Dorsi
Inferior angle of scapula, spinous processes of last six thoracic vertebrae, last three of four ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest
Intertubercular groove of the humerus
Biceps Brachii
Long head; supraglenoid tubercle of glenoid fossa
Common tendon to radial tuberosity of radius
Coracobrachialis
Coracoid process of scapula
Medial surface of mid-humeral shaft
Triceps Brachii O
■ Origin: Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula ● Lateral head: Posterior surface of proximal half of the humerus ● Medial head: Posterior surface of distal half of the humerus
Deltoid
Lateral one third of clavicle, acromian and spine of scapula
Deltoid Tuberosity
Brachialis
Distal half of anterior surface of humerus
Brachiradialis O
Proximal ⅔ of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Anconeus O
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Supinator O
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament and supinator crest of the ulna
Pronator Teres O
Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of the ulna
Pronator Quadratus O
Medial, anterior surface of distal ulna
Flexor Carpi Radialis O
Common flexor tendon from medial epiocndyle of humerus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris O
Humeral head: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus ● Ulna head: posterior surface of proximal ⅔ of ulna
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus O
Distal ⅓ of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Bervis O
Common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris O
Common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
cranial/ventral ramus
Trapezius
Dorsal Sacpularis
Levator scap rhomboid major
Long Thoracic
Serratus Anterior
Upper and Lower subscapular
Teres Major Subscapularis
Suprascapular nerve
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus
Median
pronation Flexor Carpi Radialis Siperficilis Profundus 1-2
Ulnar
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Profunds 3-4
Radial
Extensors Supinator
cranial/ventral ramus
Trapezius
Dorsal Sacpularis
Levator scap rhomboid major
Long Thoracic
Serratus Anterior
Upper and Lower subscapular
Teres Major Subscapularis
Suprascapular nerve
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus
Median
pronation Flexor Carpi Radialis Siperficilis Profundus 1-2
Ulnar
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Profunds 3-4
Radial
Extensors Supinator