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HS Exam 1 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what muscles connect the trunk to the scapula?

A 
trapezius
pectoralis minor
levator scapulae
rhomboids
serratus anterior
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2
Q

trapezius- attachment, function, innervation

A 
attachment- scapular spine, clavicle, acromion
function- adduct, medially rotate
superior- elevate shoulder
inferior- lower shoulder
innervation- accessory nerve
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3
Q

pectoralis minor- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- ribs 3-5 to coracoid process
function- moves scapula forward and down
innervation- medial pectoral nerve

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4
Q

levator scapulae- attachment, function, innervation, blood

A

attachment- superior angle to spine of scapula
function- elevate scapula
innervation- dorsal scapular nerve
blood- transverse cervical artery from the thyrocervical trunk

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5
Q

rhomboids- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- medial scapula boarder, below spine
function- retract and elevate scapula
innervation- dorsal scapular nerve

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6
Q

serratus anterior- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- upper 8 ribs to medial scapula boarder, superior to inferior angle
function- rotate scapula for abduction, move scapula forward, hold it to rib
innervation- long thoracic nerve

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7
Q

winged scapula

A

damage to long thoracic nerve- serratus anterior isn’t holding scapula against ribs

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8
Q

muscles connecting scapula to humerus?

A 
deltoid
supraspinatus
subscapularis
infraspinatus
teres minor
trees major
coracoidbrachialis
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9
Q

deltoid- attachment, function, innervation, blood

A

attachment- spine of scapula to deltoid tuberosity
function- finish arm abduction
innervation- axillary nerve
blood- thoracoacromial artery, anteiror/posterior circumflex humoral arteries

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10
Q

supraspinatus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- above scapular spine to humerus
function- initiate arm abduction
innervation- suprascapular nerve

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11
Q

infraspinatus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- below scapular spine to humerus
function- lateral rotate and adduct arm
innervation- suprascapular nerve

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12
Q

teres minor- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- lateral boarder of scapula to humerus
function- lateral rotate and adduct arm
innervation- axillary nerve

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13
Q

teres major- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- inferior angle of scapula to humerus
function- extend, medial rotate and adduct arm
innervation- lower sub scapular nerve

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14
Q

coracoidbrachialis- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- coracoid process to mid humerus
function- flex and adduct arm
innervation- musculocutaneous nerve
blood- brachial artery

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15
Q

what muscles are involved in arm abduction?

A

supraspinatus and deltoid

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16
Q

what muscles are involved in arm adduction?

A 
subscapularis
infraspinatus
teres minor
teres major
coracoidbrachialis
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17
Q

what muscles are involved in arm rotation?

A 
subscapularis 
infraspinatus
teres minor
teres major
pectoralis major
latissimus dorsi
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18
Q

muscles from humerus to trunk

A

pectoralis major

latissimus dorsi

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19
Q

pectoralis major- attachment, function, innervation, blood

A

attachment- sternum, clavicle–> humerus
function- adduct and medial rotate arm
innervation- medial and lateral pectoral nerves
blood- thoracoacromial artery and lateral thoracic artery

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20
Q

latissimus dorsi- attachment, function, innervation, blood

A

attachment- spine to humerus
function- extend, adduct and medial rotate arm
innervation- thoracodorsal nerve
blood- thoracodorsal artery from the sub scapular artery from axillary artery

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21
Q

elbow flexors

A

biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis

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22
Q

main elbow flexor

A

brachialis

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23
Q

biceps brachii- attachment, function, innervation, blood

A

attachment- scapula to radial tuberosity
function- elbow flexion, forearm supination
innervation- musculocutaneous
blood- brachial artery

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24
Q

brachialis- attachment, function, innervation, blood

A

attachment- mid humerus to coronoid process of ulna
function- elbow flexor
innervation- musculocutaneous
blood- brachial artery

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25
Q

brachioradialis- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- humerus to distal radius
function- elbow flexion
innervation- radial nerve

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26
Q

elbow extenders

A

triceps brachii

anconeus

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27
Q

triceps brachii- attachment, function, innervation, blood

A

attachment- scapula/humerus- olecranon process of ulna
function- elbow extender
innervation- radial nerve
blood- deep brachial artery

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28
Q

anconeus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- lateral humerus epicondyle to olecranon process of ulna
function- elbow extender
innervation- radial nerve

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29
Q

where do forearm flexors originate?

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

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30
Q

where do forearm extensors originate?

A

lateral epicondyle

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31
Q

wrist/finger flexors in forearm

A 
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum profundus
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32
Q

flexor carpi radialis- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- medial epicondyle to metacarpal base
function- flex and abduct wrist
innervation- median nerve

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33
Q

palmaris longus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- medial epicondyle to palmar aponeurosis
function- flex wrist
innervation- median nerve

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34
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- medial epicondyle to middle phalanx 2-5
function- flex wrist and fingers at middle phalanx
innervation- median nerve

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35
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- medial epicondyle to carpals/metacarpal under pinky
function- flex and adduct wrist
innervation- ulnar nerve

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36
Q

flexor pollicis longus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- proximal radius to distal thumb phalanx
function- flex thumb
innervation- median nerve

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37
Q

flexor digitorum profundus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- proximal ulna to distal phalanx 2-5
function- flex wrist and fingers at distal phalanx
innervation- medial- ulnar, lateral- median nerve

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38
Q

wrist/finger extensors in forearm

A 
extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor digitorum
extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor indicis
extensor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis longus
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39
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- lateral epicondyle of humerus to base of metacarpal 5
function- extend and adduct wrist
innervation- radial nerve

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40
Q

extensor digitorum- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- lateral epicondyle of humerus to digits
function- extend wrist and digits 2-5
innervation- radial nerve

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41
Q

extensor digiti minimi- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- lateral epicondyle of humerus to digit 5
function- extend pinky
innervation- radial nerve

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42
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- lateral epicondyle to metacarpal 3
function- extend and abduct wrist
innervation- radial nerve

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43
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- humerus to metacarpal 3
function- extend and abduct wrist
innervation- radial nerve

44
Q

extensor indicis- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- ulna to digit 2
function- extend digit 2
innervation- radial nerve

45
Q

extensor pollicis longus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- ulna to base of distal phalanx 1
function- extend thumb
innervation- radial nerve

46
Q

extensor pollicis brevis- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- radius to base of distal phalanx 1
function- extend thumb
innervation- radial nerve

47
Q

abductor pollicis longus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- ulna and radius to metacarpal 1 base
function abduct wrist and thumb
innervation- radial nerve

48
Q

anatomical snuff box boarders

A

extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis

49
Q

pronator teres- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- medial epicondyle, coronoid process of ulna to middle radius
function- pronate forearm
innervation- median nerve

50
Q

pronator quadratus- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- distal ulna to distal radius
function- pronate forearm
innervation- median nerve

51
Q

supinator- attachment, function, innervation

A

attachment- lateral epicondyle of humerus to proximal radius
function- supinate forearm
innervation- radial nerve

52
Q

subscapularis- attachment, function, innervation, blood

A

attachment- anterior scapula to humerus
function- rotate and adduct arm
innervation- upper and lower sub scapular nerve
blood- sub scapular artery from axillary artery

53
Q

all for one and one for all

A 
order of intrinsic hand muscles
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
adductor pollicis
opponens digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi
54
Q

PAD and location

A

palmar interosseous muscles ADduct

on middle finger side

55
Q

DAB and location

A

doral interosseous muscles ABduct

on sides away from middle fingers and on both sides of middle finger

56
Q

lumbericals

A

on thumb side of fingers

57
Q

Hip abductors

A 
obturator internus
gemellus inferior
gemellus superior
gluteus minimus
gluteus medius
tensor fascia latae
piriformis
58
Q

hip adductors

A 
gluteus maximus
obturator externus
quadratus femoris
pectineus
adductor brevis, longus, magnus
gracilis
59
Q

hip flexors

A

psoas major
iliacus
sartorius
rectus femoris

60
Q

hip extensors

A

gluteus maximus
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus

61
Q

knee flexors

A 
gracilis
sartorius
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
62
Q

knee extensors

A

vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
vastus lateralis
rectus femoris

63
Q

where do adductor thigh muscles originate from?

A

obturator foramen

64
Q

order of the adductors

A 
pectineus
adductor brevis
adductor longus
adductor magnus
gracilis
65
Q

order medial to lateral of anterior thigh

A 
sartorius
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
66
Q

which thigh muscles span 2 joints? what do they do?

A

sartorius- flex thigh and flex knee

rectus femoris- flex thigh and extend knee

67
Q

order of hamstring muscles- medial to lateral

A

semitendinosus
semimembranosus
biceps femoris

68
Q

how many joints do the hamstrings span?

A

2

69
Q

plantar flexion muscles

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

70
Q

plantar flexion and inversion

A

tibialis posterior

71
Q

dorsiflexion and inversion

A

tibialis anteiror

72
Q

plantar flexion and eversion

A

fibularis longus and brevis

73
Q

dorsiflexion and eversion

A

fibularis tertius

74
Q

what malleolus do the tibialis muscles pass?

A

medial

75
Q

what malleolus do the fibular muscles pass?

A

lateral

76
Q

scapular anastamoses

A

subscapular artery with the transverse cervical and supra scapular arteries

77
Q

what nerve travels with the brachial artery?

A

median nerve

78
Q

what nerve travels with the profunda brachia artery?

A

radial nerve

79
Q

what nerve travels with the superior ulnar collateral artery?

A

ulnar nerve

80
Q

branches off brachial artery

A

profunda brachii- behind the humerus–splits into medial and radial collateral arteries with join with the radial artery past elbow
brachial splits into radial and ulnar but gives off 2 ulnar collatorals first- superior and inferior
ulnar splits into the common interosseous
common interosseous splits into anterior and posterior

81
Q

what supplies the superficial palmar arch?

A

ulnar artery

82
Q

what supplies the deep palmar arch?

A

radial artery

83
Q

what supplies the palmar carpal arch?

A

anterior interosseous

84
Q

waiter’s tip

A

brachial plexus upper trunk injury
sudden increase in angle between head and neck
stab

85
Q

clawhand

A

brachial plexus lower trunk injury

pulling on the arm to stop a fall

86
Q

wrist drop

A

loss of radial nerve- can’t extend wrist, fingers, or elbow

87
Q

winged scapula

A

long thoracic nerve injury

injury close to vertebral column or along thorax (stab, radical mastectomy)

88
Q

nerve injured with shoulder dislocations or humural neck fractures

A

axillary- can’t abduct shoulder

89
Q

saturday night palsy- wrist drop

A

radial nerve compression- fall asleep with arm outstretched

loss of elbow and wrist extension

90
Q

humerus fractures

A

radial nerve injury

loss of elbow and wrist extension

91
Q

million dollar nerve

A

median nerve- lose innervation to thenar muscles

92
Q

elbow fractures

A

ulnar nerve

loss of wrist flexion

93
Q

what does the triceps reflex test?

A

radial nerve

94
Q

musculocutaneous nerve injury deficit

A

elbo flexion, forearm supination

95
Q

what does the biceps reflex test?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

96
Q

femoral nerve injury deficit

A

knee extension
hip flexion
knee jerk

97
Q

obturator nerve injury deficit

A

hip adduction

98
Q

sciatic nerve injury deficit

A

knee flexion + branch functions

99
Q

tibial division of sciatic nerve injury deficit

A

foot inversion, ankle plantar flexion, ankle jerk

100
Q

common fibular division of sciatic nerve injury deficit

A

foot eversion, dorsiflexion

101
Q

foot drop presentation

A

common fibular nerve injury

102
Q

obturator nerve innervates

A

adductors

103
Q

femoral nerve innervates

A

iliopsoas and anterior thigh

104
Q

sciatic nerve innervates

A

hamstrings plus everything distally via the divisions

105
Q

common fibular nerve innervates

A

anterior leg and foot and sensory there

106
Q

fibular nerve injury deficits

A

loss of eversion (foot drop) and maybe dorsiflexion

107
Q

tibial nerve innervates

A

posterior leg

HS Exam 1 (8 decks)

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