Muscles

Question 0

what is a muscle cell membrane called

Answer 0

sarcolemma

Question 1

what are the functions of muscles

Answer 1

movement, posture and body heat

Question 2

what is cytoplasm called

Answer 2

sarcoplasm

Question 3

what is the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

it communicates with the rest of the cell- they are channels that surround each microfibril- contains calcium ions

Question 4

what is a cisternae

Answer 4

enlarged parts of the SR when a muscle impulse reached SR the cisternae opens up and releases calcium ions that leave the SR and go to the sarcoplasm

Question 5

what are the transverse tubules

Answer 5

car muscle impulse deeper inti the fiber

Question 6

what is myosin

Answer 6

thick filaments of protien contain cross bridges that attatch the actin binding sites

Question 7

actin

Answer 7

thin filaments of protien contain binding sites that myosin cross bridges attatch to

Question 8

what are the 2 types of myofibrils

Answer 8

myosin and actin

Question 9

motor neuron

Answer 9

nerve fiber that extends from the brain to the spinal cord to the muscle, stimulates the muscle to contract

Question 10

synaptic vesicles

Answer 10

release acytocholine when nerve impulse reaches them

Question 11

nueromatic junction

Answer 11

connection between nueron and muscle fiber

Question 12

fascia

Answer 12

layers of fibrous connective tissue

Question 13

aponeuroses

Answer 13

broad fibrous sheets

Question 14

epimysium

Answer 14

the layer of c.t. that closely surrounds a skeletal muscle

Question 15

perimysium

Answer 15

layer of connective tissue that extend inward from epimysium and seperate muscle into small compartments

Question 16

fascicles

Answer 16

compartments containing bundles of skeletal muscle fibers

Question 17

endomysuim

Answer 17

a layer of ct in the form of a thin covering

Question 18

what is the sliding filament theory

Answer 18

motor nueron muscle fibes

Question 19

what is a isotonic contraction

Answer 19

muscle short ones

Question 20

what is a isometric contraction

Answer 20

does t contract

Question 21

what is aerobic

Answer 21

means with oxygen, long, slow intensity, more oxygen is stored, increases metabolism

Question 22

what is anarobic

Answer 22

short bursts of fast activity

Question 23

what are the 5 golden rules of skeletal muscle activity

Answer 23

1. all muscles cross at least one joint
2. typically, the bulk of the muscle lies proximal to the joint crossed
3. muscles have at least 2 attachments: the origin and insertion
4. muscles only pull never push
5. during contraction the muscle insertion moves toward the origin

Question 24

agonist

Answer 24

main muscle that does the moving (prime mover)

Question 25

sunergist

Answer 25

assists the prime mover

Question 26

antagonist

Answer 26

works against the prime mover

Question 27

strain

Answer 27

tearing of muscle fibers, good blood supply, warming up can usually prevent strains

Question 28

sprain

Answer 28

tearing of ligment fibers, joints, poor blood supply, heals poorly.