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Human Physiology > Long Bone > Flashcards

Long Bone Flashcards

0
Q

What are levers

A

Form with muscles and bones interact and make body parts move

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1
Q

What are the functions of bones

A

Movement
Protect and support
Mineral storage
Blood cell formation

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2
Q

What are the four parts to a levers

A
  1. A rigid rod or bar
  2. A fulcrum on which the rod turns
  3. An object or weight that is moved
  4. A force that supplies energy for the movement of the rod
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3
Q

What is hematopoiesis

A

The process of the formation of blood cells

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4
Q

What is marrow

A

C.t. Within medully cavities of long bones

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5
Q

What is made in the red bone marrow

A

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

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6
Q

Why is red bone marrow red?

A

It is red due to hemoglobin that red blood cells contain

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7
Q

Does yellow bone marrow produce blood cells?

A

No

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8
Q

What is an epiphysis?

A

Ends of long bones

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9
Q

Coated with hyaline cartilage

A

Epiphysis

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10
Q

What articulates with another bone to form a joint?

A

Epiphysis

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11
Q

At or near the front of the body

A

Anterior

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12
Q

Near the back of the body

A

Posterior

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13
Q

An imaginary vertical line that divides the body equally right down the middle

A

Midline

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14
Q

Father from the midline

A

Lateral

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15
Q

Nearer to the midline

A

Medial

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16
Q

Toward the head/upper part of the body

A

Superior

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17
Q

Away from the surface of the body

A

Deep

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18
Q

Close to the surface of the body

A

Superficial

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19
Q

Closer to the other object but on the same limb

A

Proximal

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20
Q

Farther from the other object but on the same limb

A

Distal

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21
Q

What is a diaphysis

A

Shaft of the bone between the epiphysis

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22
Q

What is the diaphysis composed of?

A

Composed of compact bone

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23
Q

What is the medullary cavity?

A

The hallowed out chamber within the diaphysis

24
Q

Endosteum

A

Thin layer of cells that line the medullary cavity

25
Q

What fills the medullary cavity

A

Yellow bone marrow

26
Q

What is peristeum?

A

Though, vascular covering of fiberous tissue enclosed entire long bone except for the hyaline cartilge of the epiphysis

27
Q

What causes shin splints

A

When the peristeum tears or pulls away from the bone

28
Q

What is spongy bone

A

Consists of branching bony plates with irregular interconnecting spaces

29
Q

What is compact bone

A

Made up of osteons (Continuous matrix without space)

30
Q

Houses blood vessels and nerves

A

Osteonic canal

31
Q

What are osteocytes

A

Bone cells

32
Q

What are osteoblasts

A

Bone forming cells

33
Q

What are Osteoclasts

A

Bone destroying cells

34
Q

What makes up matrix

A

Intracellular material made up of collegen and inorganic salts

35
Q

What is collegen?

A

A protein that gives strength and resilience to the bone

36
Q

What are inorganic salts

A

Make bones hard and resistant to being crushed

37
Q

What is osteoporosis

A

A disorder resulting in a loss I bone mass(mainly affects women)

38
Q

What is Artheritis

A

A disease describing many inflammatory or degenerative disease that damage the joint.

39
Q

Condyle

A

A rounded process that usually articulates with another bone

40
Q

Crest

A

A narrow ridgelike projection

41
Q

Epicondyle

A

A projection situated above a condyle

42
Q

Facet

A

A small nearly flat surface

43
Q

Fontanel

A

A soft spot in the scull

44
Q

Foramen

A

An opening through a bone that is usually a passageway for blood vessels nerves or ligaments

45
Q

Fossa

A

A relatively deep pit or depression

46
Q

Fovea

A

A tiny pit or depression

47
Q

Head

A

An enlargement on the end of a bone

48
Q

Meatus

A

A tubelike passage way within a bone

49
Q

Process

A

A prominent projection on a bone

50
Q

Sinus

A

A cavity within a bone

51
Q

Spine

A

A thornlike projection

52
Q

Suture

A

A interlocking line of union between bones

53
Q

Trochanter

A

A relatively large process

54
Q

Tubercle

A

A small knob like process

55
Q

Tuberosity

A

A knob like process usually larger than a tubercle

56
Q

Where do bone cells live

A

Lacuna

57
Q

Sacrum

A

The but bone

58
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blade

Human Physiology (4 decks)

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