Chapter 1 Sections And Cavities Flashcards by tiffany foth

What is anatomy

Study of the structure and shape of the body parts and their relationship to one another

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What are the characteristics of life

Movement 
Responsiveness
Growth
Reproduction
Digestion
Excretion 
Assimilation 
Respiration
Absorption
Circulation

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What is physiology

Study of how the body parts work and interrelate

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What are the levels are organization

Cell-tissue-organ-organ system- organism

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What are the survival needs

Water
Nutrients 
Oxygen
Body temperature
Atmospheric pressure

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What are the directional terms

Superior-inferior
Anterior-posterior 
Medial-lateral
Proximal-distal(limbs only)
Superficial-deep

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What is a cavity

Empty space

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What are the 3 types of sections

Sagittal
Frontal
Transverse

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What is Sagittal

Divides the body into right and left sections

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What is frontal

Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

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What is Transverse

Divides the body into superior and inferior parts

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What are the 2 main portions of the skeleton

Axial

Appendicular

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What is the axial section

Head neck and trunk

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What is the appendicular portion

Upper-lower limbs

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What cavities are in the dorsal (back) cavity

Cranial

Spinal

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What is in the ventral (front) cavity

Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic

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What is in the thoracic cavity

Chest cavity- heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea and thymus gland- all is protected

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What’s the abdominal cavity

Stomach, liver, kidneys, intestines, spleen, pancreas, gall bladder, kidneys- all is vulnerable

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What is In the pelvic cavity

Reproductive organs, urinary bladder and part of large intestine

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Parietal

Membrane attached to the wall of a cavity

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Visceral

Membrane attached to the organ itself

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Pleura

Lungs

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Pericardium

Heart

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Peritoneum

Abdominal organs-individually

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What is a part of the integumentary system

``` Skin Hair Nails Sweat glands Sebaceous glands ```

What does the integumentary system do

Protects tissues Regulates body temp Synthesize products

What is apart of the skeletal system

Bones, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage

What does the skeletal system do

``` Provides frame work Protect softer tissues Provide attachments for muscles Produce blood cells Stores organic salts ```

What does the muscular system do

Produce body movements Maintain posture Source of body heat

What is a part of the nervous system

Brain Spinal cord Nerves Sense organs

What does the nervous system do

Use nerve impulses to communicate with the rest of the body

What is apart of the endocrine system

``` All glands: Pituitary Thyroid Adrenal Pineal Thymus Pancreas Ovaries Testes ```

What does the endocrine system do

All glands secrete chemical messengers called hormones

What is apart of the cardiovascular system

``` Heart Arteries Veins Capillaries Blood ```

What does the cardiovascular system do

Blood transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste throughout the body

What is apart of the lymphatic system

Lymphatic vessels, lymph fluid, lymph nodes, thymus gland, and spleen.

What is apart of the digestive system

Mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, liver, and gall bladder.

What does the digestive system do?

Receives blood from the outside, breaks down the food which is then absorbed, illuminates excess waste

What is apart of the respiratory system

Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

What does the respiratory system do

It exchanges carbon dioxide and oxygen between the blood and the air

What is apart of the urinary system

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra

What does the urinary system do

Removes waste Maintains water and electrolyte balance Stores urine

What does the reproductive system do

Produces offspring

Ear

Otic

Nose

Nasal

Mouth

Oral

Neck

Cervical

Point of shoulder

Acromial

Brest

Mammary

Armpit

Axillary

Arm

Brachial

Front of elbow

Antecubital

Abdomen

Abdominal

Forearm

Antebrachial

Wrist

Carpal

Palm

Palmar

Finger

Digital

Reproductive organs

Genital

Front of the knee

Patellar

Instep

Tarsal

Toe

Digital

Head

Cephalic

Forehead

Frontal

Eye cavity

Orbital

Cheek

Buccal

Chin

Mental

Sternum

Sternal

Chest

Pectoral

Navel

Umbilical

Groin

Inguinal

Hip

Coxal

Calf

Sural

Leg

Crural

Foot

Pedal

Back of head

Occipital

Spinal column

Vertebral

Back

Dorsum

Elbow

Cubital

Lower back

Lumbar

Between hips

Sacral

Buttocks

Gluteal

Butt hole

Perineal

Thigh

Femoral

Back of knee

Popliteal

Sole

Plantar