muscles

Question 1

skeletal muscles

Answer 1

attach to bones and usually cross at least one joint

Question 2

tendons

Answer 2

connect muscle to bone

Question 3

ligaments

Answer 3

connect bone to bone

Question 4

bursa

Answer 4

fluid-filled sac in the area of friction, such as where a tendon passes over a joint

Question 5

origin

Answer 5

beginning. point of attachment of a muscle to a bone, usually the strongest end

Question 6

insertion

Answer 6

end. the other point of attachment. muscles insert on bones or other muscles

Question 7

head

Answer 7

tapered origin of the muscle

Question 8

belly

Answer 8

fat part of the muscle with most of the contraction

Question 9

intrinsic muscles

Answer 9

muscles that start and end in the same organ (ex: muscles of the hand)

Question 10

extrinsic muscles

Answer 10

muscles that start in one organ and end in another (ex: muscles that start in the arm and end in the hand)

Question 11

platysma muscle

Answer 11

large superficial muscle of the skin of the face and neck

Question 12

orbicularis oris

Answer 12

closes the mouth

Question 13

buccinator

Answer 13

in the cheek, for moving food around the mouth

Question 14

levator nasolabialis, levator labii

Answer 14

raises the upper lip

Question 15

orbicularis oculi

Answer 15

closes the eyes

Question 16

auricular

Answer 16

moves the ear

Question 17

masseter

Answer 17

closes the jaw; attaches from the zygomatic arch to the mandible

Question 18

temporalis

Answer 18

closes the jaw; attaches from the temporal fossa to the coronoid process of the mandible

Question 19

digastricus

Answer 19

opens the jaw; attaches from the medial aspect of the mandible to the skull

Question 20

extrinsic muscles of the eye

Answer 20

dorsal rectus, medial rectus, ventral rectus, ventral oblique, dorsal oblique, retractor bulbi

Question 21

muscles of the head and neck:

Answer 21

sternocephalicus, brachiocephalicus, sternohyoideus

Question 22

muscles of the trunk:

Answer 22

trapezius (dorsolateral triangle)

latissimus dorsi (lateral chest)

diaphragm (internal)

pectorals (cranial ventral chest)

intercostal (btwn ribs)

vertebral (lateral to the spine)

Question 23

what does the diaphragm separate

Answer 23

the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

Question 24

what is the purpose of the diaphragm?

Answer 24

it is the main muscle of inspiration

Question 25

abdominal muscles

Answer 25

external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique, transversus abdominus, rectus abdominus

Question 26

supraspinatus

Answer 26

extends the shouler

Question 27

deltoideus

Answer 27

flexes the shoulder

Question 28

infraspinatus

Answer 28

outward rotation, abduction, and extension/flexion of the shoulder

Question 29

subscapularis

Answer 29

adducts and extends the shoulder

Question 30

triceps brachii (caudal)

Answer 30

extends the elbow

Question 31

biceps brachii (medial)

Answer 31

flexes the elbow and extends the shoulder

Question 32

brachialis (lateral)

Answer 32

flexes the elbow

Question 33

how does the brachialis differ from the biceps brachii?

Answer 33

biceps is medial and brachialis is deep and lateral

Question 34

biceps femoris (lateral thigh)

Answer 34

extends the hip + flexes the stifle

Question 35

caudal thigh - semimembranosus

Answer 35

extends hip and extends/flexes stifle

Question 36

caudal thigh - semitendinosus

Answer 36

(aka hamstrings) extends hip, flexes stifle, extends hock

Question 37

medial thigh contains:

Answer 37

sartorious and gracilis muscles along with the femoral artery and medial saphenous vein

Question 38

quadriceps - anterior thigh

Answer 38

made up of four muscle bellies, extends the stifle, deep to the biceps femoris

Question 39

gluteals

Answer 39

extends and abducts the hip

Question 40

pectineus

Answer 40

adducts the hip

Question 41

gastrocnemius

Answer 41

extends the hock

Question 42

cranial tibialis

Answer 42

flexes the hock

Question 43

digital flexors and extensors

Answer 43

muscles become tendons distally - extensors are anterior and flexors are posterior

Question 44

patellar tendon

Answer 44

tendon of the quadriceps