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Muscle Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Sarcolemma

A

The muscle fiber plasma membrane

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2
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

The cytoplasm for muscle fibers

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3
Q

Glycosomes

A

Organelles that store glycogen

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4
Q

Myoglobin

A

Provides a dark pigment and stores O2

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5
Q

Modified Organelles in muscle tissue

A

Myofibrils, sarcoplasmic reticulum, T tubles

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6
Q

Qualities of Smooth Muscle

A

Involuntary, not striated, uni-nucleated

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7
Q

Location of Smooth Muscle

A

Walls of hollow organs, airways, and large arteries

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8
Q

Qualities of Cardiac Muscle

A

Involuntary, striated, uni-nucleated, has intercalated discs and branches

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9
Q

Location of Cardiac Muscle

A

Bulk of the heart walls

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10
Q

Qualities of Skeletal Muscle

A

Voluntary, striated, and multinucleated

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11
Q

Location of Skeletal Muscle

A

Attached to bone or soft tissue

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12
Q

Excitable Characteristic

A

Receive and respond to stimuli

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13
Q

Contractility Characteristic

A

Ability to shorten when stimulated

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14
Q

Extensibility Characteristic

A

The ability to be stretched

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15
Q

Elasticity Characteristic

A

Ability to recoil to resting length

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16
Q

4 Functions of Muscle Tissue

A

1) Produce movement
2) Maintain posture
3) Stabilize joints
4) Generate heat during contraction

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17
Q

Epimysium

A

Dense irregular connective tissue that surround the entire muscle

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18
Q

Perimysium

A

Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds fascicles

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19
Q

Endomysium

A

Fine areolar connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber

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20
Q

Insertion Attachment

A

Attachment to moveable bone

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21
Q

Origin Attachment

A

Attachment to immovable or less movable bone

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22
Q

Direct or Fleshy Attachment

A

Attachment where epimysium fuses to periosteum of bone or perichondrium of cartilage

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23
Q

Indirect Attachment

A

Attachment where connective tissue wrappings extend beyond muscle as a ropelike tendon or sheetlike aponeurosis

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24
Q

Myofibrils

A

Densely packed rodlike elements that contain striations, sarcomeres, and myofilaments.

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25
A Band
Dark region of myofibril
26
H Zone
Light region in the middle of an A band
27
Actin
Thin filament
28
Myosin
Thick filament, binds to Actin
29
Sarcomere
Smallest contractile unit of a muscle fiber
30
Isometric Contraction
No shortening, muscle tension increases
31
Isotonic Contraction
Muscle shortens or lengthens
32
Concentric Contraction
Subdivision of isotonic contraction. Muscle shortens
33
Eccentric Contraction
Subdivision of isotonic contraction. Muscle lengthens.
34
Unfused or Incomplete Tetanus Contraction
Caused quivering due too exerting too much force
35
Fused Tetanus Contraction
Muscle fuses into one smooth sustained contraction plateau. Like a cramp
36
Direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate
Creatine phosphate donates a phosphate to ADP to instantly form ATP. Lasts about 15 seconds.
37
Creatine Kinase
Enzyme that carries out transfer of phosphate in direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate
38
Aerobic Pathway
Produces 95% of ATP during rest & light exercise. Occurs in mitochondria and needs oxygen, glucose, and free fatty acids.
39
Prime Movers
Muscle that provides major force
40
Antagonist
Oppose or reverse movement
41
Synergist
Assist prime mover, add force, reduce undesirable movement
42
Epicranius Frontalis: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Aponeurosis Insertion: Skin of eyebrows Movement: Raises eyebrows
43
Orbicularis Oris: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Muscles near mouth Insertion: Skin at mouth corner Movement: Puckers lips
44
Orbicularis Oculi: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Frontal Bone Insertion: Skin around eye Movement: Closes eye
45
Temporalis: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Temporal bone Insertion: Mandible Movement: Elevate/retract mandible
46
Sternocleidomastoid: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Sternum & clavicle Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone Movement: Flexes and turns head, contracts head to chest
47
Trapezius: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Occipital bone, vertebral spines Insertion: Clavicle and scapula Movement: Stabilize scapula, elevate clavicle, adduct scapula, and turn head
48
Masseter: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Zygomatic arch Insertion: Mandible Movement: Elevates mandible
49
External Obliques: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Lower 8 Ribs Insertion: Iliac crest & linea alba Movement: Flex vertebrae & compress abdominal cavity
50
Rectus Abdominis: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Pubis Insertion: Costal cartilages & xiphoid Movement: Compress abdomen, flex vertebrae
51
Internal Obliques: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Iliac crest and lumbar fascia Insertion: Costal cartilages & linea alba Movement: Flex vertebrae and compress abdominal cavity
52
Transverse Abdominis: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Iliac crest and lumbar fascia Insertion: Xiphoid process, linea alba, and pubis Movement: Compress abdomen
53
Deltoid: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Clavicle and scapula Insertion: Humerus Movement: Abducts arm
54
Pectoralis Major: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Sternum & Clavicle Insertion: Humerus Movement: Moves arm, adducts arm, & flexes arm
55
Pectoralis Minor: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Ribs Insertion: Corocoid of scapula Movement: Depresses and moves scapula anteriorly
56
Biceps Brachii: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Scapula Insertion: Radius Movement: Flex elbow and supponate forearm
57
Biceps Femoris: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Ischium and femur Insertion: Tibia and fibula Movement: Extends thigh and flexes knee. Laterally rotates leg
58
Triceps brachii: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Scapula & humerus Insertion: Olecranon of ulna Movement: Powerful forearm extensor
59
Serratus Anterior: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Ribs Insertion: Scapula Movement: Rotate scapula upward & laterally
60
Latissimus Dorsi: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Ribs & vertebrae Insertion: Humerus Movement: Extends & adducts arm
61
Rhomboid Major: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Vertebral spine Insertion: Scapula Movement: Stabilize scapula
62
Teres Major: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Scapula Insertion: Humerus Movement: Extends arm, medially rotates arm, adducts humerus
63
Brachialis: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Humerus Insertion: Ulna Movement: Flexes forearm
64
Brachioradialis: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Humerus Insertion: Radius Movement: Stabilizes elbow during flexion and extension
65
Tensor Fasciae Latae: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Iliac crest Insertion: Tibia by fascia lata Movement: Steadies knee, flexes and abducts thigh
66
Gracilis: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Pubis Insertion: Tibia Movement: Adduct thigh, flexes & medially rotates lower leg
67
Rectus Femoris: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Ilium Insertion: Patella Movement: Extends knee and flexes hip at thigh
68
Vastus Lateralis: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Femur Insertion: Tibia by patellar ligament Movement: Extends and stabilizes knee
69
Vastus Medialis: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Linea aspera of femur Insertion: Tibia by patellar ligament Movement: Extends knee
70
Vastus Intermedius: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Femur Insertion: Tibia by patella ligament Movement: Extends knee
71
Sartorius: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Ilium Insertion: Tibia Movement: Flexes thigh, adducts thigh, laterally rotates thigh, flexes knee
72
Gluteus Maximus: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Iliac crest & sacrum Insertion: Femur Movement: Major extensor of thigh
73
Semimembranosus: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Ischium Insertion: Tibia Movement; Extends thigh and flexes knee, medially rotates leg
74
Semitendinosus: Origin, Insertion, and Movement
Origin: Ishcium Insertion: Tibia Movement: Extends thigh and flexes knee, medially rotates leg

A&P (8 decks)

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