Muscle Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of

Striated muscle (def)

A

“striped” (alternating light & dark bands in micrographs) - skeletal & cardiac muscle

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2
Q

Definition of

Triad (def)

A

T-tubule and flanking terminal cisternae (in skeletal muscle)

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3
Q

Definition of

Muscle (def)

A

Bundle of fascicles

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4
Q

Definition of

Smooth muscle (def)

A

Non-striated muscle

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5
Q

Definition of

Z disk (sarcomere) (def)

A

Band at end of sarcomere to which terminal actin molecules on adjacent sarcomeres are bound

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6
Q

Definition of

Motor Endplate (def)

A

Highly excitable region of the sarcolemma, at the neuromuscular junction

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7
Q

Definition of

Muscle fiber (def)

A

Bundle of myofibrils (one cell, surrounded by sarcolemma, containing sarcoplasm)

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8
Q

Definition of

Terminal cisterna(e) (def)

A

Chamber(s) of SR alongside (adjacent to) T-tubule

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9
Q

Definition of

Perimysium (def)

A

Collagenous connective tissue surrounding one fascicle

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10
Q

Definition of

Myosin filament (def)

A

Many 100’s of myosin molecules

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11
Q

Definition of

Basal lamina (def)

A

Matrix with glycoproteins and collagen, between the endomysium and muscle fiber plasma membrane

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12
Q

Definition of

Sarcomere (def)

A

Contractile unit of myofibril; contains alternating actin & myosin filaments; ends “capped” by Z-disks

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13
Q

Definition of

M line (sarcomere) (def)

A

Center line of sarcomere

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14
Q

Definition of

Epimysium (def)

A

Dense collagenous connective tissue; surrounds one muscle

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15
Q

Definition of

Sarcolemma (def)

A

Myofiber plasma membrane

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16
Q

Definition of

T-tubule (def)

A

Sarcolemma invagination, perpendicular to myofibrils

17
Q

Definition of

Muscle Fascicle (def)

A

Bundle of myofibers; surrounded by perimysium

18
Q

Definition of

Myofilament (def)

A

Actin, myosin (and intermediate filaments)

19
Q

Definition of

Endomysium (def)

A

Fine (fuzzy-looking) connective tissue surrounding one muscle fiber

20
Q

Definition of

A-band (sarcomere) (def)

A

Along entire length of myosin filaments (in middle of cell)

21
Q

Definition of

Ryanodin receptor (def)

A

Ca++ gated Ca++ release channel, located on SR (on cisternae adjacent to T-tubule in striated muscle (in contact); beneath caveolae in smooth muscle (not in contact but very close))

22
Q

Definition of

I band (sarcomere) (def)

A

Region where there are actin filaments only - no over-lapping myosin filaments (ends of each sarcomere)

23
Q

Definition of

Myosin molecule (def)

A

4 light chains and 2 heavy chains; 2 heads with 2 active sites each (one for ATP, one for actin)

24
Q

Definition of

Arrows (w.r.t. myotendinous junction) (def)

A

Projections of myofibers inserted into connective tissue

25
# Definition of Sarcoplasm (def)
Myofiber cytoplasm
26
# Definition of Dihydropyridine receptor (def)
Voltage-gated Ca++ channel, on T-tubules
27
# Definition of Myofibril (def)
Sarcomeres lined end-to-end
28
# Definition of H zone (sarcomere) (def)
Region where there are myosin filaments only - no overlapping actin filaments (middle of each sarcomere)
29
# Definition of Myocardium (def)
Thick layer of cardiac muscle in heart
30
# Definition of Caveola(e) (def)
Smooth muscle: goblet-shaped plasma membrane invagination (instead of T-tubules)
31
# Definition of Dense body (def)
Anchor point for filaments in smooth muscle, located in sarcoplasm
32
# Definition of Zonula adherens (def)
Component of transverse region of intercalated disks; bind f-actin of terminal sarcomeres to plasma membrane
33
# Definition of Calmodulin (def)
Smooth muscle protein; binds Ca++ released from SR, then binds MLCK
34
# Definition of Dense plaque (def)
Anchor point for filaments in smooth muscle, located on sarcolemma
35
# Definition of Intercalated disk (def)
Junctional complex between cardiomyocytes
36
# Definition of Desmosomes (def)
Component of transverse region of intercalated disks; keeps adjacent fibers together during contraction
37
# Definition of MLCK (def)
Myosin light chain kinase; when activated (by binding Ca++/calmodulin), phosphorylates 2 myosin light chains to permit myosin contraction
38
# Definition of Varicosity (def)
Swelling in autonomic smooth muscle motor neuron; contains mitochondria and vesicles of neurotransmitter