Muscle, Tendon, Ligament Dz - Duerr Flashcards
Diagnostic Imaging…
- Osseous dz and soft tissue calcification
- Muscle/tendon, +/- meniscus
- Best osseous detail, shelbows
- Soft tissue (shld, mm dz)
- Lesion localization but not dx m
Bone scan on steroids, metabolic activity
Rads
US
CT
MRI
Bone Scan
PET-CT
MT-Unit
- Muscle-tendon ____ activate joint motion by ____
- they are variably ____ with variable but significant _____ capacity
- Injuries are generally known as ______
units
contraction
vascular
healing
sTrains
Tendons connect _____ to _____
Ligaments connect ____ to ____
Muscle to bone
Bone to bone
Ligaments!
- Ligament support and ____ joints
- They are ______ of contracting
- Tolerate ____ elongation (<10%)
- Are relatively _____ = so they have ____ healing capacities
- Injuries are generally known as ____
stabilize
incapable
minimal
avascular
less
sPrains
MT-healing
- Tensile forces create ___
- ___ healing results in ___ ____
- ___ ___ = poor function
GAP
Gap
Scar tissue
Scar tissue
Tendon healing
- Vascular tendons:
- ~80% ____ ____ in a year
- Avascular tendons:
- tendons distract in sheath = ____
- Can’t do sx = ____ of tendon ends
normal fxn
gap
nonunion
Clinical Signs/healing properties of MT-injury…
1st degree
2nd degree
3rd degree
1st - improves without you
2nd - doesn’t improve or worsen
3rd - obvious injuries
MT Units
Injury can occur at many diff levels:
A. O and I (avulsions)
B. Muscle belly
C. Tendon
But they tend to occur most commonly at the _____ _____
Musculotendinous junction
MT injury
Gaps that are ____ mm impair healing –> choose suture pattern that ____ gaps ____ mm
> 3
avoid
> 3
Suture pattern most used for tendon repair
3 Loop Pulley
Do Locking Loop if 3LP not possible
If you see a dog in “crab claw” stance, what do you think?
Achilles tendinopathy - but SDF is intact!
If you see a dog in plantigrade stance AND flat paw with stifle in extension, what do you think?
Complete rupture of ALL components of the common calcaneal tendon
What makes up the common calcaneal tendon?
SDF
Conjoined tendons of Biceps femoris, Gracillis, Semitendinosus
Gastrocnemius
MT-injuries are categorized by _____ (= Grade) and whether they are ______ (=usually traumatic) or _____ (=frequently degenerative)
Acute injuries are generally treated _____ with the most important aspect being ____ of the tendon ends
After sx, the repair should be protected with a ___ for ____ wks, followed by gradual increase of ____ across the repair
Severity
Acue
Chronic
Surgically
Apposition
Cast
6wks
tension
