Muscle Sheet Flashcards
What is epaxial muscle innervated by?
Dorsal rami
What are examples of epaxial muscles in cat?
Multifidus, longissimus, iliocotalis
What is hypaxial innervated by?
Ventral rami
What are examples of hypaxial muscle in cat?
Subvertebrals, transversus, obliques/intercostals, rectus abdominis, supracostal muscles
What are hypobranchial muscles?
Extension of hypaxial muscles that migrate under branchial arches
What are hypobranchial muscles innervated by?
Ventral rmi
What are the hypobranchial muscles in shark?
Coraco-
What are the hypobranchial muscles in a cat?
Strenohyoid, strenothyroid, thyrohyoid
What are branchiomeric muscles?
Muscles that originate on arches
What are branchiomeric muscles innervated by?
Cranial nerves
What branchiomeric muscle are associated with the 1st arch in shark?
Adductor mandibulae, intermandibularis, levator palatoquadrati, spiracularis
What branchiomeric muscle are associated with the 1st arch in cat?
Anterior digastric, tensor tympani, masseter, temporalis, pterygoideus, mylohyoideus
What branchiomeric muscle are associated with the 2nd arch in shark?
2nd dorsal constrictors
What branchiomeric muscles are associated with the 2nd arch in cat?
Interhyoideus, posterior diagastric, stapedius, sphincter colli
What branchiomeric muscles are associated with the 3rd - 7th arches in shark?
Dorsal and ventral constrictors, cucullaris
What branchiomeric muscles are associated with the 3rd - 7th arches in cat?
Trapezius, sternomastoid, cleidomastiod
What are extrinsic muscles?
Muscles that originate on the axial skeleton and insert on the girdle/limb
What are the appendicular dorsal extrinsic muscles?
Lats, traps levator scapulae, rhomboideus, serratus
What are the appendicular ventral extrinsic muscles?
Pecs
What are intrinsic muscles?
Muscles that originate on the girdle/limb and insert distally
What are the appendicular dorsal intrinsic muscles?
Spinodeltoid, acromiodeltoid, teres major, subscapularis, treps branchii, wrist and digit extensors
What are the appendicular ventral intrinsic muscles?
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, clavodeltoid, biceps branchii, branchialis, wrist and digit flexors
What does the supracoracoideus do in birds?
Runs over coracoid and acts as a pully system to elevate wing as upstroke
What 4th arch muscles in amniotes are innervated by CN 10?
Intrinsic muscles of mammalian larynx
