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Musculoskeletal Anatomy > Muscle Origin/Insertion/Action > Flashcards

Muscle Origin/Insertion/Action Flashcards

1
Q

Upper Trapezius

A

Origin - external occipital protuberance, C2-C7 down the ligamentum nuchae SP
Insertion - Acromion and clavicle
Action - elevation, and upward rotation of the scapula

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2
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Origin - TPs cervical spine
Insertion - superior angle of scapula
Action - elevation of the scapula

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3
Q

Rhomboid minor (higher or above major)

A

O - SPs of C7-T1
I - Medial border of the spine of scapula
A - retraction and elevation of scapula

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4
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

O - SPs of T2-T5
I - medial border of scapula below the spine
A - Retraction and elevation of scapula

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5
Q

Lower Trapezius

A

O - SPs of T4-T12
I - Spine of the scapula
A - Retraction, depression and upward rotation of scapula

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi - depressor (scapula), extensor (shoudler), adductor (shoulder), internal rotator

A

O -SPs of T6-L5, ribs 10-12, iliac crest
I - inferior angle of the scapula and medial border of intertubercular groove (humerus)
A - depression of scapula, extension, adduction, and internal rotation of humerus

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7
Q

Serratus Anterior - protractor, upward rotator

A

O - ribs 8-9
I - Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
A -protraction and upward rotation

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8
Q

Pectoralis Minor - protraction, downward rotator

A

O - anterior surface of ribs 3-5
I - coracoid process of the scapula
A - protraction and downward rotation

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9
Q

Middle Trapezius - retractor, upward rotator

A

O - SPs C7-T4
I - acromion and the spine of scapula
A - retraction and upward rotation of scapula

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10
Q

Subclavius - depressor, protractor

A

O - first rib
I - inferior surface of clavicle (subclavian groove)
A - depression, protraction

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11
Q

Pectoralis Major - flexor, adductor (shoulder), internal rotator

A

O - bit of clavicle, sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-7
I - lateral border of intertubercular groove
A - flexion, adduction, internal rotation, horizontal adduction

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12
Q

Anterior Deltoid - flexor

A

O - lateral 1-3 of clavicle
I - deltoid tuberosity
A - flexion, internal rotation, and hz adduction

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13
Q

Long head biceps brachii - flexor

A

O - supraglenoid tubercle
I - radial tuberosity and biceps aponeurosis
A - flexion and abduction of shoulder, flexion and supination of the forearm

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14
Q

Coracobrachialis - flexor, adductor (shoulder)

A

O - coracoid process of scapula
I - anteromedial surface of humeral distal to the crest of lesser tubercle
A - flexion and adduction of shoudler

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15
Q

Teres major - extensor (shoulder), adductor (shoulder), internal rotator

A

O - posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I - medial border of intertubercular groove (humerus)
A - extension, adduction, and internal rotation of humerus

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16
Q

Triceps Brachii (long head) - extensor (shoulder)

A

O - infraglenoid tubercle
I - olecranon (ulna)
A - extension and adduction of the shoulder, elbow extension

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17
Q

Posterior Deltoid - extensor (shoulder)

A

O - inferior border of the spine of scapula
I - deltoid tuberosity
A - extension and external rotation of the shoulder

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18
Q

Middle Deltoid (support from ant and post delt) - abductor (shoulder)

A

O - lateral border of acromion
I - deltoid tuberosity
A - abduction

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19
Q

Supraspinatus - abductor, external rotator (shoulder), part of RC

A

O - supraspinous fossa of scapula
I - superior portion of the greater tubercle
A - first 15 degrees of abduction assist in external rotation. Compresses humeral head against glenoid fossa

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20
Q

Infraspinatus - external rotator, part of RC

A

O - infraspinous fossa of scapula
I - greater tubercle
A - lateral rotation. Exerts depressive force on humeral head

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21
Q

Teres minor - external rotator, part of RC

A

O - lateral border of posterior surface of the scapula
I - greater tubercle
A - lateral rotation. Exert depressive force on humeral head

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22
Q

Subscapularis - internal rotator, part of RC

A

O - subscapular fossa (anterior face of scapula
I - lesser tubercle
A - medial rotation and adduction of shoulder. Exert depressive force on humeral head

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23
Q

Splenius Capitus - superficial layer of back muscle

A

O - nuchal ligament and SP of C7-T3
I - mastoid process of temporal and occipital bone
A - bilateral contraction and extension

24
Q

Splenius cervicis - superficial layer of back muscle

A

O - spinous process or thoracic vertebrae T3-T6
I - TP of C1-C3
A- bilateral to extend the neck

25
Q

Iliocostalis - erector spinae group (most lateral)

A

O - angles of ribs 3-6
I - TP of vertebrae C4-C6
A - bilaterally flexes the vertebral column to the side

26
Q

Longissimus - erector spinae group (lateral)

A

O - TP of T1-T5
I - Posterior Tubercle of the TP of vertebrae C2-C6
A - bilateral spine extension and lateral flexion

27
Q

Spinalis - erector spinae group (medial)

A

O - Capitis: SPs of C1-T7 Cervicis: SPs of C7-T1, nuchal ligament, Thoracis: SPs of T11-L2
I - Capitis: occipital bone Cervicis: SPs of C2-C4
Thoracis: SPs of T11-L2
A - bilateral contraction and extension of head, cervical and thoracic spine

28
Q

Semispinalis - transversospinalis muscle group (superficial)

A

O - TPs of T1-T6
I - posterior surface of SP C2-C5
A - bi extension of head, cervical
& unilateral flexion of head, neck

29
Q

Multifidus - transversospinalis (deep)

A

O - sacrum, erector spinae, PSIS, and iliac crest
I - SP
A - bi backward extension, uni ipsilateral side-bending and contra rotation

30
Q

Rotatores - transversospinalis (most deep)

A

O - TP of thoracic vertebrae
I - SP of thoracic located 1 or 2 above original vertebrae
A - bi contraction resulting in extension of vertebral column & uni contraction contr rotation of thoracic

31
Q

Interspinalis - minor deep layer of back muscles

A

O - SP of C2
I - SP of T1
A - uni to flex the vertebral column

32
Q

Intertransverse - minor deep layer of back

A

O - TPs
I - TPs, articular processes
A - uni flexion, and lateral flexion

33
Q

Levator Costarum - minor deep layer of back

A

O - TPs of C7-T11
I - superior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebrae
A - uni to laterally flex vertebral column

34
Q

External Intercostals - intercostal muscles (superficial)

A

O - sharp inferior costal border of one rib
I - outer lip of superior border of the immediate rib below
A - elevate ribs (helping breathe in)

35
Q

Internal Intercostals - intercostal (deep)

A

O - inferior margin of costal cartilage and inner lip of costal groove
I - superior border of immediate inferior rib
A - bring ribs down during expiration, present either uni or bilaterally

36
Q

Innermost Intercostals - intercostal (most deep)

A

O - inner surface of the costal groove of the ribs
I - superior border of inferior rib
A - pulls down rib cage and push air out of lungs & acts uni on one side

37
Q

External Oblique -anterolateral wall of abdomen (most superficial)

A

O - external surfaces of ribs 5-12
I - pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crest
A - bi contraction results in trunk flexion
& uni results in trunk lateral flexion, trunk rotation

38
Q

Internal Oblique - anterolateral wall of abdomen (intermediate)

A

O - posterior end of iliac crest and thoracolumbar fossa
I - inferior borders and tips of lower 3 or 4 ribs and cartilage
A - bi - flexes the trunk and compresses its contents
& uni flexes the trunk and rotates the same side

39
Q

Transversus Abdominis - anterolateral wall of abdomen (deep)

A

O - costal margin, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest
I - linea alba, pubic symphysis, xiphoid process
A - bi contraction - compresses abdominal viscera
& uni = trunk rotation

40
Q

Rectus Abdominis - anterolateral wall of abdomen (superficial)

A

O - pubic symphysis, pubic crest
I - Xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
A - Unilateral contraction the trunk
is laterally flexed to the side, tenses wall of abdomen and compresses contents inside

41
Q

Quadratus Lumborum - posterior wall of abdomen

A

O - iliac crest
I - TP of L1-L5 and lower part of 12th rib
A - Bilateral contraction leads to extension of the lumbar veterbral column

42
Q

(Thoracic) diaphragm

A

O - Bilateral contraction leads to extension of the lumbar veterbral column
I - Sternal: Posterior of xiphoid
process
Costal: Internal surface of 7-12
ribs
Lumbar: medial and lateral
ligaments
A - Contraction of muscle facilitates expansion of thoracic cavity

43
Q

Anterior Scalene

A

O - TP of axis and atlas, posterior tubercles of TPs C3-C7
I - superior border of first rib
A - Unilateral contraction produces ipsilateral flexion of the neck & Elevate first rib, flex neck laterally to the side

44
Q

Middle Scalene

A

O - TPs of last 6 vertebrae
I - upper face of 1st rib
A - uni contraction produces ipsilateral flexion of neck

45
Q

Posterior Scalene

A

O - posterior tubercles of TPs of C5-C7
I - external surface of 2nd rib
A - uni contraction producing ipsilateral flexion of neck

46
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

O - manubrium and clavicle
I - mastoid process of temporal bone
A - uni = contralateral rotation, ipsilateral cervical flexion
& bi = cervical flexion, elevation of sternum and inhalation

47
Q

Serratus posterior superior

A

O - SPs of T11-L2 and supraspinous processes
I - inferoposterior aspect of ribs 9-12, lateral to angles
A - bi action of posterior superior/posterior inferior reduce extension of thoracic vertebrae
& uni will rotate spine

48
Q

Serratus posterior inferior

A

O - supraspinal ligament, and the spinous processes of the upper two to three lumbar vertebrae (L01–L03) and the lower two thoracic vertebrae (T11–T12)
I - lower borders of ribs 9–12, and is innervated by intercostal nerves 9–12.
A - draws the lower ribs backward and downward to assist in rotation and extension of the trunk

49
Q

Biceps Brachii

Elbow Flexion, Supinator

A

O - Long head: supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Short head: coracoid process (scapula)
I - Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
A - Shoulder flexion, and abduction
Elbow flexion and supination

50
Q

Brachialis

Flexor

A

O - Distal half of the anterior portion of the humerus
I - Coronoid process
A - Flexion

51
Q

Brachioradialis

Flexor

A

O - Lateral Supracondylar ridge of the humerus
I - Styloid process of the radius
A - Flexion in neutral elbow position

52
Q

Pronator Teres

Flexor, and Forearm Pronator

A

O - Medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna
I - Proximal third of radius on lateral surface
A - Assists in flexion
Pronation

53
Q

Triceps Brachii

Extensor

A

O - Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Lateral head: proximal half of posterior humerus
Medial head: distal 2/3 of posterior humerus
I - Olecranon process (ulna)
A - Long head assists in shoulder extension
Elbow extension

54
Q

Anconeus - extensor

A

O - Lateral epicondyle (humerus)
I - Olecranon process (ulna)
A - Assist triceps in extension

55
Q

Supinator

A

O -Lateral epicondyle (humerus)
Supinator crest (ulna)
I - Lateral, posterior, and anterior aspects of proximal third of radius
(Wraps around radius)
A - Supination

56
Q

Pronator Quadratus

Forearm Prontator

A

O - Distal ¼ of the anterior aspect of the ulna
I - Distal ¼ of the anterior aspect of the radius
A - Pronation

Musculoskeletal Anatomy (4 decks)

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