Muscle Fibre Flashcards
Structural:
Type 1
SO
Structural:
Few muscle fibres
Red - high capillary density
High myoglobin levels
High mitochondria levels
Low PC stores
Low glycogen stores
Structural
Type 2a
FOG
many muscle fibres
Many capillaries/ pink
Moderate levels of mitochondria
Moderate levels of myoglobin
Structural
Type 2b
FG
Many muscle fibres
Low capillary density - white
low myoglobin
low mitochondria
high PC
Functional
Type 1
SO
High aerobic capacity
Highly resistance to fatigue
Low force production
Slow contraction
Low anaerobic capacity
Functional
Type 2a
FOG
Moderate aerobic capacity
Moderate fatigue resistance
Moderate anaerobic capacity
Fast speed of contraction
High force of contraction
Functional
Type 2b
FG
Low aerobic capacity
Low fatigue resistance
High anaerobic capacity
Fastest speed of contraction
Highest force of contraction
Type 1
SO
Example
Long distance/endurance
Marathon
Tour de France
Type 2a
FOG
Example
800m
Type 2b
FG
Example
Sprint
Javelin
Shot put
muscle spindles
detect change in the length of muscle
send to CNS via afferent nerves
activate motor neurones to resist the stretch
Golgi tendon organs
assist in regulating muscle contraction force
(to much tension and they sends signal to CNS to stop movement)
short term adaptations
more nerve transmissions
immediate muscle activation
motor unit recruitment
muscle fibre type recruitment
reflex responses
blood flow regulation
long term adaptations
increased motor unit recruitment
enhanced muscle activation
muscle fibre type adaptations (hypertrophy of fast/slow twitch depending on the training)
increased motor unit synchronisation and motor neuron firing rates - improved connections = more power
summation - fire impulses targeting many muscle groups
muscle hypertrophy - more /bigger myofibrils
