fitness components

Question 1

what is the definition of health

Answer 1

a state or complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
- WHO, 2018

Question 2

what is fitness

Answer 2

the ability to meet the demands of the environment

Question 3

what is aerobic capacity

Answer 3

the ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to consume and deliver oxygen to the working muscles during sustained exercise

Question 4

what athlete needs good aerobic capacity

Answer 4

marathon runner

Question 5

how is aerobic capacity tested

Answer 5

field:
-multi stage fitness test
- 12 minute cooper run
lab:
VO2 max test on treadmill with gas analysis

Question 6

what is muscular strength

Answer 6

the maximum force a muscle can generate against a given resistance during a single muscular contraction

Question 7

what type of athlete needs good muscular strength

Answer 7

front row in rugby union (prop, hooker, prop)
need muscular strength in their legs for scrums and tackling to push the opposite team back

Question 8

how to test muscular strength

Answer 8

field:
- hand grip dynamometer
1 RM test
lab:
force plates - measures strength in an isometric contraction

Question 9

what are the different types of strength

Answer 9

dynamic - ability to produce a force whilst moving through a range of motion
isometric - ability to produce a force without changing muscle length (crucifix)
reactive - ability to quickly and effectively change from an eccentric contraction to a concentric contraction for explosive movements (basketball block)
isokinetic- maintain a constant force throughout the entire range of motion (rehabillitation)

Question 10

what is RSI

Answer 10

reactive strength index
measures reactive strength, explosive power and efficiency
also measures neuromuscular fatigue (higher rsi - withstand more fatigue

Question 11

how do you calculate RSI

Answer 11

jump height/flight time

Question 12

what is muscular endurance

Answer 12

the ability of a muscle/muscle group to sustain repeated contractions or maintain an isometric contraction over time withstanding fatigue
also known as anaerobic capacity

Question 13

give an example of athletes/sports that need good muscular endurance

Answer 13

rowing - 2000m

Question 14

how to test muscular endurance

Answer 14

field:
1 minute sit up test
1 minute press up test
lab:
30 second wingate test

Question 15

what is flexibility

Answer 15

maximum elasticity and the range of movement at the joint

Question 16

what types of flexibility are there

Answer 16

static - range of motion when the body isin a stationary position
dynamic - range of motion when the body is moving

Question 17

how to test flexibility

Answer 17

field:
sit and reach test
lab:
goniometry to measure specific joint angles

Question 18

what are the factors that effect flexibility

Answer 18

age
gender
health conditions
elasticity of ligament/tendons
amount of stretch in surrounding muscles
type of joint
structure of joint
temperature of muscles and connective tissue
training