Muscle Fiber types

Question 1

What type of exercise uses mostly aerobic ATP metabolism

Answer 1

Mostly trotting and cantering
Fats and Carbs used
Long durations
Endurance

Question 2

What time of exercise uses mostly anaerobic but also aerobic

Answer 2

Horse racing
Anaerobic gives speed boost

Question 3

What are the 3 main muscle types

Answer 3

Type I, Type IIA, Type IIX

Question 4

That are Type I muscle fibers

Answer 4

Slow twitch
Slower contraction speed
Red color from myoglobin

Question 5

What are Type IIA muscle fibers

Answer 5

Fast twitch
Faster contraction speed
Red color from myoglobin

Question 6

What are Type IIX muscle fibers

Answer 6

Fast twitch
Faster contraction speed
White fibers not a lot of myoglobin

Question 7

What muscle types make up postural muscles

Answer 7

More Type I because they don’t have to contract fast

Question 8

What muscle types make up driving muscles

Answer 8

More Type II because they contract more

Question 9

What are the characteristics of Type I muscle fibers

Answer 9

Slow contraction
High in myoglobin
Narrow diameter - better BF in and BF out
High blood flow
Many mitochondria - makes them high aerobic
Relatively high in fat
Relatively low in glycogen - doesn’t usually make a lot of lactic acid
MOST Fatigue Resistant

Question 10

What are the characteristics of Type IIA muscle fibers

Answer 10

Faster contraction
Moderate in myoglobin
Medium diameter
Good flow
Moderate mitochondria - mostly aerobic
Medium fat
Medium glycogen
Can produce ATP aerobically
MODERATE Fatigue Resistant

Question 11

What are the characteristics of Type IIX muscle fibers

Answer 11

Faster contraction
Low myoglobin (White)
Largest diameter
Less blood flow
Fewer mitochondria - mostly anaerobic
Low fat
High glycogen - main fuel mostly glycogen or blood glucose
High buffering capacity - allows them to tolerate lactic acid that is produced
NOT Fatigue Resistant

Question 12

Explain how muscle types are recruited

Answer 12

Type I gets recruited first and then when that cant meet needs Type IIA gets recruited and then when that cant meet needs IIX gets recruited. When IIX tire the chart moves backwards and the animal has to slow down

Question 13

What are the effects of training

Answer 13

Minimal effects on the respiratory system
Some effects on cardiovascular system
-Max HR not changes
-Stroke volume may increase
-Increase capillary density in muscles -increase blood flow to muscle fibers

Question 14

What are the effects of training on muscles

Answer 14

Increase in aerobic metabolism
Increase in muscle glycogen concentrations
Increase in intracellular buffering

Question 15

What are the two types of fatigue

Answer 15

Central fatigue and Local muscle fatigue

Question 16

What is central fatigue

Answer 16

May involve central nervous system broad effects i body

Question 17

What is local muscle fatigue

Answer 17

Specific to single/group of muscle