Muscle and Nerve Diseases Flashcards
Reactive Neuromas (traumatic and Morton)
raumatic neuromas are something acute, Morton is chronic, nerves can regenerate, tangled mass, tree branches, Morton is in 3rd web space of toe causing tangled fibers, look the same microscopically, acute vs chronic nature separate them
Diabetic - induced neuropathy
neuropathic pain, stocking and glove type (distal symmetric polyneuropathy), radiculopathy is pain at the nerve root and its peripheral location, glycation (sugar to protein) A1C is glucose to hemoglobin, microvascular disease
Guillian-Barre Syndrome
multiple nerves impacted, acute inflammation demyelinating nerves, GBS, immune mediated, activated T cells activate macrophage that attack Schwann cells causing strip of myelin of axons, C. jejuni, ascending paralysis moving centrally, Bell’s palsy is facial nerve unilateral paralysis and goes away over time, does GBS go away? Yup but less likely/more time
MG
weakness/fatigue but no pain, auto antibody towards Ach receptor, females more likely, worse at end of day, eye muscles or small ones, thymoma (chest imaging for tumor needed)
Eaton Lambert Syndrome
auto antibody towards pre-synaptic Ca channel, large muscles, repetitive use helps, paraneoplastic syndrome is a different malignancy causing the Ca channel problem
Dermatomyosisits
muscle pain, injury to small blood vessels, Heliotrope rash (eyelid), Shawl sign over the shoulder rash, Grottons papules is nodules over joints of finger, cyanotic changes (Raynauds), atrophy in perimysial
Duchenne Musclar Dystrophy
fatal in 20s, XR, affected boys, mutation in dystrophin, cytoskeleton of muscle cell collapses, degeneration/atrophy/gone, muscle in pelvic and shoulder girdle get weak and replaced with fat (pseudohypertrophy), looks bigger to the eye, common in the calf, Gower sign (using your hand to stand)
Becker Muscular Dystrophy
less severe, dystrophin mutation where we have some of it still, no muscular dystrophy until adulthood
