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MSK > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Embryology Introduction

Twins (Mono, Di, Conjoined)

A

Mono: 1 oocyte
Di: 2 oocyte/ 2 sperm
Conjoined: Inner cells never seperate

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2
Q

Embryology of Nerves and Muscle

Dermatome

A

Dermis of the back

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3
Q

Development of Back

Wnt Pthwy

A

Transcription Factor
Ventral - Dorsal

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4
Q

Development of Back

Phocomelia

A

Absent of long bones, hand and feet w/trunk

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5
Q

Development of Back

ZPA

A

SHH
Anterior - posterior

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6
Q

Embryology Introduction

Embryology Week 1-2

A

Zygote –> Cleavage (2-16) –> Morula –> Blastocyte (32) –> Implantation in lining of the uterus

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7
Q

Embryology Introduction

Pharyngeal Arches

A

Forms Head & Neck
NC cells around foregut
6 –> 5 arches

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8
Q

Development of Back

Paraxial - Somatic

A

Appendicular Skeleton + skin outside back

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9
Q

Development of Back

Polydactyly

A

Many digits

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10
Q

Embryology Introduction

Embryology Week 9-38

A

Fetal Growth

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11
Q

Embryology Introduction

Embryoblast

A

Inner Cells
Epiblast (amniotic)
Hypoblast (Yolk Sac)
Embryo Proper

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12
Q

Embryology Introduction

Umbilical Cord

A

Allantois (waste), connecting stalk, vitelline duct

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13
Q

Development of Back

PCD in limbs

A

AER leads to apoptosis to remove webbing + smaller AER

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14
Q

Development of Back

Paraxial - Sclerotome

A

Surrounds NT cells + Notochord –> spinal cord formation

Annulus Fibrosus

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15
Q

Embryology Introduction

Mesoderm

A

Paraxial (Somite –> Sclero/Myo/Derma)
Intermediate (Urogential Organs - kidney/ureter)
Lateral (Somatic, Splanhic)

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16
Q

Development of Back

Amniotic Bands

A

Amputation of limbs

17
Q

Development of Back

Brachydactyly

A

Shortened limbs

18
Q

Embryology Introduction

Embryology Week 3-8

A

Gastrulation (bi –> trilameter), Neurulation (forming of neural cord),

19
Q

Embryology of Muscle and Nerves

Sclerotome

A

most of the axial skeleton, split into cranial and caudal portion and form with the one above so the sensory portions can go through this layer to get to dermatome and myotome

20
Q

Embryology Introduction

Ectoderm

A

Surface (skin/appendgies)
Neuro (Crest - PNS, Tube - CNS)

21
Q

Development of Back

Cleft Floot

A

Extreme of syndactyly

22
Q

Embryology Introduction

Zona Pellucida

A

Attracts sperm + prevents ectopic pregnancy

23
Q

Development of Back

Paraxial - Notochord

A

Nucleus Pulposis

24
Q

Development of Back

AER

A

FGF8 (limb growth)
proximal-distal

25
Q

Embryology Introduction

Primitive Streak

A

Linear band of thick epiblast on caudal end (growing cranially) forming the primitive knot

26
Q

Embryology Introduction

Trophoblast

A

Outer Cells
Cytotrophoblast (Embryo in uterus)
SyncytioTrophoblast (>2 Cyto)
Placenta

27
Q

Embryology Introduction

Endoderm

A

GI Tract lining, urinary respiratory

28
Q

Development of Back

Syndactyly

A

Fused Digits

29
Q

Development of Back

Duplicated AER

A

2 AER

30
Q

Embryology Introduction

Teratoma

A

Contains immature or fully formed tissues - hair/teeth

31
Q

Embryology of Nerves and Muscles

Myotome

A

Skeletal Muscle
Epimere - intrinsic
Hypomere - trunk and limb
preaxial (flexors anterior)
Postaxial (extensor posterior)

32
Q

Development of Back

Paraxial - Ventral/Hypaxial

A

Skeletal musculature of the ventrolateral wall and limbs

33
Q

Development of Back

Club Foot

A

Walking on ankles
Insufficient amniotic fluid (oligohydramnios)

34
Q

Embryology Introduction

Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

A

High pluripotent epiblast cells of primitive streak

35
Q

Development of Back

Paraxial - Dorsal/epaxial

A

Intrinsic Back

36
Q

Development of Back

Resegmentation

A

Intersegmental Vertebrae

37
Q

Embryology Introduction

Amniotic Cavity w/Definitive Yolk Sac in folded embryo

A

Definitive yolk sac pushes away primary yolk sac

38
Q

Development of Back

Amelia

A

Missing Limbs

MSK (22 decks)

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