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MSK > Imaging (MRI/CT/XRAY) > Flashcards

Imaging (MRI/CT/XRAY) Flashcards

1
Q

Spondylosis

A

Pars Interarticularis (scotty dog)

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2
Q

Scaphoid Fracture

A

Hand and wrist - scaphoid (MC), order XRAYS,

If untreated - at risk for AVN due to it disrupting the arterial blood supply, CT

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3
Q

Proximal Humerus Fracture

A

Shoulder - surgical neck, shoulder dislocation (mobile), anterior, posterior - seizures shoulder contraction, most end up inferior and medial form dislocation,

anterior medially, posterior laterally looking

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4
Q

XRAY

A

A: Inexpensive
D: Limited evaluation
Consider for low back pain
View: Open Mouth (dens/lateral masses), lateral, ap, oblique (pars interarticularis)

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5
Q

OA vs RA

A

OA - degeneration of joints, catilage wear down, bone spurs, subchondral sclerosis, subchondral cysts, DIP/PIP/CMC joints

RA - Autoimmune, systemic disease, fight against synovium causing joint damage, swelling of joints, bony erosins, bone loss, late finding - subluxation, MCP and bad carpal

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6
Q

Angulation

A

Angle formed between the proximal and distal fragment based off how much distal fragment deviated

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7
Q

Insufficiency Fracture

A

Normal Stress on abnormal bone (elders)

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8
Q

Hangman Fracture

A

Hypertension C2

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9
Q

Complete Fracture

A

One cortex to the other

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10
Q

Displacement

A

How much offset there is by a fracture

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11
Q

Fat Pad Sign

A

Elbow (swollen - fracture indicated within joint)

Peds elbow problem because not everything is formed + take pic of normal elbow

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12
Q

Clay Shoveler Fracture

A

Trauma –> Stress on C7

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13
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial dislocation

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14
Q

MRI

A

A: Soft Tissue
D: Expensive
Use: Disc Herination/Nerve Impingement
View: CSF (T1-dark, T2-light)

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15
Q

Stress on Normal Bone

A

Stress on the normal bone casuing microfractures, periosteal reaction, 85% of xrays are normal, MRI

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16
Q

Compression Fracture

A

Trauma/OP/Tumor –> Collaspe/tear in vertebrae (shorter)

17
Q

Incomplete Fracture

A

Only part of the cortex is fractures

18
Q

Dislocation

A

Bones in joint are not in apposition

19
Q

Degeneration

A

DDD, Bone spurs, Spondylothesis

XRAY

20
Q

Mechanisms of Clavicle and AC Injury

A

XRAY

Clavicle - Fractures (MC), SCM pulls medial portion of bone up (MC)

AC - Grade 3 injury to CoraClaviclaviar ligament makes clavicle and acromin not line up

21
Q

CT

A

Best for Fractures
Use: Bone lesions, tumors, fracture healing)
View: Axial

22
Q

Flexion Tear Drop Fracture

A

ALL defect –> permeant neuro defects

23
Q

Rotator Cuff Tear on MRI

A

Supraspinatus, MRI, edema present

24
Q

Dens Fracture

A

3 types (type 2 most unstable –> surgery

25
Q

Jefferson Fracture

A

Axial loading, falling on head, C1 damage

View: Open Mouth

26
Q

Osteophytes

A

Bone spurs impinging on other structures

27
Q

Spondylothesis

A

Vertebrae slippage (laxity of LF)

28
Q

Comminuted

A

More than 2 fractures

29
Q

Disk Herniation

A

Nucleus Pulposus through annulus (>2 T2 signal on MRI)

30
Q

Spinal Stenosis

A

Crowding & Impingement on spinal cord

31
Q

Hip (Fracture, Dislocation)

A
  • XRAY –> MRI
  • Hip Fractures: proximal of the femur
  • Shenton’s line & Lesser Trabecular more prominent
  • Intra vs. Extracapsular
    Intra: Fem Head, Fem Neck, Subcapital , Transcervical , Basicervical
  • Extra (HAVE Shenton’s Line): Intertrochanteric (G→ L trochanter), Subtrochanteric

Seen mostly in elderly
Osteoporosis
* Abd - neck fracture
* Add - fracture dislocation
*
Hip Dislocation
Trauma (MVA) - moves post & sup fem head
CT SCAN

32
Q

AVN

A

XRAY → MRI
INCREASE SCLEROSIS (WHITE)
Dense Bone
Peds = Leggs - Perthes

Loss of blood supply to organs or bones (femoral head)
Due to trauma, steroids, RA, pregnancy, SCD

33
Q

Knee

A

XRAY → MRI
Severe Fracture: all 3 test ordered
Patella Fracture: Quadriceps tendon pulls fragment superior
Tibial Plateau Fracture: (CT) articular surface of tibial is depressed → surgery needed

34
Q

Soft Tissue

A

MRI: Meniscal Tear is suspected

Criteria
Signal that extends to articular surface
Abnormal morphology of meniscus
Ex: ACL Tear (ant tibia and post femur)

35
Q

Ankle and Foot

A
  • Ottawa Ankle Rules (Test + → X RAY) : Point tenderness over medial malleolus,, can’t bear weight, can’t walk for 4 steps
  • Lisfranc Ligament - dislocation of toes: lateral 1st cuneiform - proximal 2nd metatarsal
  • Charcot Joint: Diabetes, Fragment/joint/destruct/deformity
36
Q

Children Fracture

A

Salter Harris Fracture - Growth Plate injury

(Slippage) Type : Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
(Above) Type 2: GP + M
(Lower) Type 3: GP + E
(Through) Type 4: GP + M + E
(Rupture) Type 5: Crush (MRI)

MSK (22 decks)

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