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Anatomy > Muscle Actions > Flashcards

Muscle Actions Flashcards

1
Q

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

A

rotator cuff muscles: together, stabilize and rotate glenohumeral joint
supraspinatus: abduct
infraspinatus and teres minor (below spine): adduct and lateral rotation
subscapularis: medial rotation

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2
Q

Teres Major

A

extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

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3
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

extends adducts and medially rotates arm

draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly

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4
Q

Deltoid

A

abducts, flexes, extends, and rotates arm

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5
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm

will do extension of humerus is not in neutral position

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6
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

extends forearm and assists in arm adduction

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7
Q

Biceps Brachii

A 
flexes arm (glenohumeral joint)
flexes and supinates forearm (elbow joint)
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8
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

adducts and flexes arm (glenohumeral joint)

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9
Q

Brachialis and Brachioradialis

A

flex forearm (elbow joint)

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10
Q

Pronator Teres

A

pronates forearm

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11
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

flexes wrist, abducts hand

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12
Q

Palmaris Longus

A

weakly flexes wrist, tenses fascia of palm

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13
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

flexes wrist, adducts hand

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14
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A

flexes wrist

flexes 2nd-5th MP and PIP joints

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15
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

flexes wrist

flexes 2nd-5th MP, PIP, and DIP joints

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16
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis

A

extends wrist

abducts hand

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17
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

extends wrist

adducts hand

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18
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A

extends wrist

extends 2nd-5th MP, PIP, and DIP joints

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19
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus

A

abducts thumb

weakly extends wrist

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20
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus

A

extends MP and IP joints of thumb

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21
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

A

extends MP joint of thumb

weakly extends wrist

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22
Q

Supinator

A

supinates forearm

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23
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

extends leg

flexes thigh

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24
Q

Vastus Lateralis, Medialis, and Intermedius

A

extends leg

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25
Q

Sartorius

A

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh

flexes leg and rotates leg medially (sitting crosslegged)

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26
Q

Iliacus and Psoas Major

A

Flex thigh

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27
Q

Pectineus, Adductor Longus, and Adductor Brevis

A

adduct thigh

weakly flex thigh

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28
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

adducts thigh

flexes or extends and laterally rotates thigh (depending on starting position)

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29
Q

Gracilis

A

weakly adducts and weakly flexes thigh

flexes leg

30
Q

Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus

A

extend thigh
flex leg
medially rotate leg

31
Q

Biceps Femoris

A

extends thigh (only long head)
flexes leg
laterally rotates leg

32
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae

A

abducts thigh

medially rotates thigh

33
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

extends thigh

laterally rotates thigh

34
Q

Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Minimus

A

abducts thigh

medially rotates thigh

35
Q

Piriformis

A

laterally rotates thigh

36
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

dorsiflexes foot

inverts foot

37
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

extends toes 2-5

dorsiflexes foot

38
Q

Extensor Hallicus Longus

A

extends hallux

dorsiflexes foot

39
Q

Fibularis longus and brevis

A

everts foot

weakly plantar flexes foot

40
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

plantar flexes foot

flexes leg

41
Q

Soleus

A

plantar flexes foot

42
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

plantar flexes foot

inverts foot

43
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

plantar flexes foot

flexes toes 2-5, MP, PIP, and DIP joints

44
Q

Flexor Hallicus Longus

A

plantar flexes foot

flexes MP and IP joints of hallux

45
Q

Frontalis

A

draws scalp forward
raises eyebrows
wrinkles forehead

46
Q

Occipitalis

A

draws scalp backward

47
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

closes eye (blink muscle)

48
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

compresses and purses lips (kiss muscle)

49
Q

Platysma

A

pulls lower lip inferiorly

tenses skin of neck

50
Q

Zygomaticus Major and Minor

A

pull corners of mouth superiorly (smiling muscles)

51
Q

Buccinator

A

presses cheeks against molar teeth, as in chewing, whistling, playing a wind instrument, and suckling in infants

52
Q

Temporalis

A

elevates and retracts mandible

53
Q

Masseter

A

elevates and protracts mandible

jaw closure

54
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

one side: lateral flexion with rotation of head to opposite side
both sides: flexes head and neck

55
Q

Splenius Capitis and Splenius Cervicus

A

one side: turn head to same side

both sides: extend head and neck

56
Q

Erector Spinae Groups (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis)

A

one side: laterally flex the vertebral column

both sides: extend vertebral column

57
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A

one side: laterally flexes the vertebral column
both sides: extend vertebral column
(same as erector spinae groups)

58
Q

External Intercostals

A

elevate ribs during normal inhalation

59
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

depress ribs during forced exhalation

60
Q

Diaphragm

A

expands the thoracic cavity during normal inhalation

61
Q

External and Internal Obliques, Transversus Abdominus

A

one side: laterally flex vertebral column

both sides: flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall

62
Q

Rectus Abdominus

A

flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall

63
Q

Scalenes

A

flex head if ribs fixed

lift ribs during inspiration if head fixed

64
Q

Pterygoid Muscles

A

side to side movement of mandible, grinding

65
Q

Digastric Muscle

A

depresses the mandible

66
Q

Pharynx and Larynx Muscles

A

constrictor muscles - change diameter of pharynx, larynx and esophagus to allow swallowing
move shape of larynx to make different sounds

67
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

protracts and stabilizes scapula

superiorly rotates scapula

68
Q

Trapezius

A

superior: elevates and superiorly rotates scapula; elevates clavicle
middle: retracts scapula
inferior: depresses scapula; extends head

69
Q

Levator scapulae

A

elevates scapula (inferiorly rotates scapula)

70
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

protracts and depresses scapula

71
Q

Rhomboid major and minor

A

elevates and retracts (adducts) scapula;

rotates scapula inferiorly

Anatomy (7 decks)

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