Muscle Flashcards
Which type of muscle cell can be described as spindle shaped?
Smooth muscle
Which types of muscle are striated?
Cardiac and skeletal
Which type of muscle cells are unicellular?
Cardiac and smooth
Which type of muscle cells are long, parallel cylinders?
Skeletal muscle
Which type of muscle cells can be described at short, branched cylinders?
Cardiac
What are the three types of skeletal muscle fibres?
Red, intermediate and white
Which type of skeletal muscle fibres are fast twitch?
White muscle fibres
What protein is used as a marker of cardiac ischemia?
Troponin
When calcium enters the cell to engage contraction, where does it bind?
To the tropomyosin complex on the thin filament
In which type of muscle do the T-tubules and Z lines line up?
Cardiac muscle
What is the name of the specialised myocardial cells, of which the distal conducting cells, carrying impulses to the ventricular muscle?
Purkinje fibres
What cells am I describing? Large cells with: -Abundant glycogen -Sparse myofilaments -Extensive gap junction sites -Very good at conducting action potentials rapidly
Purkinje fibres
The H zone of the sarcomere is …… during contraction
Reduced
The I band of the sarcomere is ….. during contraction.
Reduced
What is the M-line of the sarcomeres?
It is the disc in the middle of the sarcomere and is formed of cross-connecting elements of the cytoskeleton
Fasicles are composed of ……. ……
Muscle fibres
Muscles is composed of many …….
Fascicles
What is the name of the connective tissue that surrounds muscle fibres?
Endomysium
Many myofibrils from a ….. …..
Muscle fibre
Muscles are connected to bones by …….
Tendons
What results in the power stroke?
The release of phosphate
What is the name of the modified smooth muscle cells found at the site of wound healing?
Myofibroblasts. They produce collagenous matrix but also contract .
Where does the autonomic nervous system release their neurotransmitter on, when stimulating smooth muscle cells?
Varicosites
In skeletal muscle which cells undergo mitosis to regenerate tissue?
Satellite cells
Which type of muscle is incapable of regeneration?
Cardiac muscle
Which type of muscle fully retains their mitotic activity?
Smooth muscle
Which type of muscle cells have multiple peripheral nuclei?
Skeletal muscle
In skeletal muscle there are distinct myofibrils seen. What about in cardiac muscle?
Myofilaments of actin and myosin form continuous masses in the cytoplasm
