Murmurs

Question 1

Select the pathology from the list below that would be best heard by auscultation using the stethoscope bell rather than the diaphragm?

1. Aortic stenosis
2. Mitral stenosis
3. Third heart sound
4. Atrial fibrillation
5. Mitral regurgitation

Answer 1

Mitral stenosis

Auscultate with the bell to better hear low pitched sounds

Mitral stenosis causes a low pitched rumbling murmur.

Question 2

What valvular pathology may cause a murmur that radiates to the left axilla?

Answer 2

Mitral regurgitation

Question 3

What valvular pathology would cause a murmur that radiates to the carotids?

Answer 3

Aortic stenosis

Question 4

Carotid pulse feels like its rapidly increasing in pressure then collapsing.

What valvular pathology would this stereotypical pulse indicate?

Answer 4

Aortic regurgitation

Question 5

Pan-systolic murmur loudest at the apex.

What is the most likely mumur?

Answer 5

Mitral regurgitation