Mumbai and Cardiff as global cities

Question 1

Describe location of Mumbai.

Answer 1

Located in northern India on a low lying island in the Arabian Sea.

Question 2

Why has Mumbai grown?

Answer 2

Natural population change is less contributing factor now, fertility rate (women) decreased.
Financial capital of India
Home to stock exchange, MNCs (Tata Steel) + Bollywood
International airport + major port of Nhava Sheva.
Largely historic growth, not as rapid growth 1971-1991.

Question 3

What pull factors have caused Mumbai to grow?

Answer 3

Cheap rail travel, jobs + better training opportunities.

Question 4

What push factors have caused Mumbai to grow?

Answer 4

In countryside: poor standard of housing, healthcare + sanitation.

Question 5

What urban challenges does Mumbai face?

Answer 5

Large population living in slums, stuck in cycle of deprivation.
Living in slums, chawls or are pavement dwellers - suffer from overcrowding + risk of collapse, flooding or fire.

Question 6

Describe the location of Cardiff.

Answer 6

Located in southeast Wales.

Question 7

Why has Cardiff grown?

Answer 7

Increase in natural population change - fertility rate rising + longer life expectancy.
Well-developed connections to local region, rest of UK + Europe.
Port was main point of exporting coal in early 20th.
International airport + M4 links to London in just over 2hrs.
Rate of growth increased in recent years.

Question 8

What pull factors have caused Cardiff to grow?

Answer 8

Availability of jobs, good education + research facilities, thriving tourism industry.

Question 9

What push factors have caused Cardiff to grow?

Answer 9

Lack of jobs in south Wales valleys.

Question 10

What is the way of life like in Cardiff?

Answer 10

Migrants since 1800s, 8% of population from ethnic minorities - mix of food, culture, religion + language.
Range of income people when working in Cardiff is vast - minimum wage to six figure salaries.

Question 11

What urban challenges does Cardiff face?

Answer 11

Reducing poverty + deprivation, traffic congestion

regeneration of CBD, shop closures on Queen Street

Question 12

How is Cardiff connected to the world?

Answer 12

International Airport: over 25000 flights going to 60 countries (2015)
Port: handles 2.5 mil tonnes of cargo annually
Superfast fibre-optic broadband widely available
BBC Cymru Wales based in Cardiff, TV programmes broadcast to UK

Question 13

How is Mumbai connected to the world?

Answer 13

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport
Mumbai Harbour: handles 57 mil tonnes of cargo annually
Broadband coverage of varying speeds
Bollywood movies seen all over world