Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards
Oligodendrocytes occur were?
CNS
Schwann cells occur where?
PNS
Common manifestations of multiple sclerosis?
Numbness/tingling, pain.
Gait abnormalities.
Pyramidal weakness.
Sudden loss of vision, double vision.
Incontinence or constipation.
Fatigue
Incoordination/dysarthria (cerebellar)
What is Lhermittes phenomenon?
Electrical shock going down spine and arms when head is bent forward
What is Uhtoff’s phenomenon?
Worsening of symptoms with heat and exercise.
What is relapsing remitting MS?
Unpredcitable relapses of varying severity with complete recovery seen. Most common type of MS.
What is primary progressive MS?
Steady neurological decline with no periods of remission following the onset of symptoms. No true relapses, just a progressive decline.
Most people with relapsing remitting go on to develop what type of MS?
Secondary progressive
Optic neuritis is common in MS, what is the presentation?
Painful vision loss
1 - 2 week duration.
Most improve.
RAPD (relative afferent pupillary defect)
Inter nuclear ophthalmoplegia occurs in MS, how does it present?
Distortion of binocular vision
Failure of adduction (Diplopia)
Nystagmus in abducting eye.
Lag
Diagnostic criteria?
Two episodes suggestive of of MS at least 1 hour and at least 30 days apart.
- Shows dissemination in time and place.
Clinically isolated syndrome; diagnosis made upon one episode suggestive of MS.
What does the LP show in multiple sclerosis?
Oligoclonal bands of IgG
What can be used for spasticity in MS?
Baclofen, physiotherapist, Occupational therapy
Bladder dysfunction management?
1) bladder training
2) Oxybutynin
Fatigue management in MS?
Hyperbaric oxygen
Modafinil (modafinil is also the treatment of narcolepsy)
