Anatomy

Question 1

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 1

31 pairs of spinal nerves, they are located within the intervertebral foramina. They supply the soma.

Question 2

CN 1

Answer 2

Olfactory

Question 3

CN II

Answer 3

Optic

Question 4

CN III

Answer 4

Occulomotor

Question 5

CN IV

Answer 5

Trochlear

Question 6

CN V

Answer 6

Trigeminal

Question 7

CN VI

Answer 7

Abducens

Question 8

CN VII

Answer 8

Facial

Question 9

CN VIII

Answer 9

Vestibulocochlear

Question 10

CN IX

Answer 10

Glosspharyngeal

Question 11

CN X

Answer 11

Vagus

Question 12

CN XI

Answer 12

Spinal accessory

Question 13

CN XII

Answer 13

Hypoglossal

Question 14

Efferents direct action potentials towards where?

Answer 14

Towards the body wall/organs etc. Efferents Exit the brain.

Question 15

Afferents direct action potentials towards where?

Answer 15

Towards the brain.

Question 16

All motor axons pass into which horn?

Answer 16

Into the anterior / Ventral horn. Motor = Anterior think MA

Question 17

All sensory axons pass into which horn?

Answer 17

Posterior / Dorsal horn.

Question 18

The brachial plexus includes which rami?

Answer 18

C5 - T1

Question 19

Sympathetic outflow exits the spinal cord within which spinal nerves?

Answer 19

T1 - L2 (only T1 - L2 have lateral horns)

Question 20

What is Horner’s syndrome?

Answer 20

Ipsilateral Ptosis, Ipsilateral miosis (pin point pupil) and reduced sweating on ipsilateral side of face.

Ptosis is caused by lack of sympathetic innervation to levator palpebrae superioris.

Question 21

How many vertebrae do we have?

Answer 21

33 in total 
7 cervical 
12 thoracic 
5 lumbar
5 sacral 
4 coccygeal

Question 22

The post central gyrus is the centre of what?

Answer 22

Post central gyrus is the primary somatosensory cortex

Question 23

Which named nerve is C3, C4

Answer 23

Supraclavicular nerve

Question 24

List the clinical tests of reflexes

Answer 24

Biceps brachii = C5
Triceps = C7
Supinator = C6

Knee = L4
Ankle = S1

Question 25

What is the only cranial nerve to attach to the pons?

Answer 25

Trigeminal nerve, 3 branches. ``` V1 = ophthalmic (superior orbital fissure) V2 = maxillary (foramen rotundum) V3 = mandibular (foramen ovale) ```

Question 26

What supplies sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 26

V3 = mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

Question 27

What supplies special sensory to the taste buds of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 27

The chorda tympani of the facial nerve

Question 28

Layers of the scalp

Answer 28

``` Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose connective tissue Pericranium ```

Question 29

What vessel has a close relationship with the pterion?

Answer 29

The middle meningeal artery

Question 30

What cells produce myelin in the CNS?

Answer 30

Oligodendrocytes

Question 31

The lentiform nucleus is made up of which 2 structures?

Answer 31

The putamen and the globus pallidus.

Question 32

The dural venous sinuses drain into where?

Answer 32

They drain into the internal jugular vein