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Ch. 8 - Neurology > Multiple Sclerosis > Flashcards

Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Define MS.

A
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3
Q

How is MS classified? Describe each.

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4
Q

How would you define a relapse or attack of MS?

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5
Q

The prevalence of MS is increasing and increases with latitude (more UVB exposure). What is the gender distribution of MS?

A

3:1 F:M

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6
Q

What are the RFs for MS?

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7
Q

Explain the pathophysiology of MS.

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8
Q

The symptoms of MS can be separated into optic, spinal cord ± brain, cerebellar and autonomic symptoms.
List the optic symptoms.

A
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9
Q

What is Lhermitte’s sign and what does it indicate?

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10
Q

What is Uhthoff’s phenomenon?

A

Uhthoff’s phenomenon refers to a temporary worsening of neurological symptoms in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) or other demyelinating disorders, typically triggered by an increase in body temperature.

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11
Q

The symptoms of MS can be separated into optic, spinal cord ± brain, cerebellar and autonomic symptoms.
List the symptoms of spinal cord/ brain (non-cerebellar) involvement.

A
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12
Q

The symptoms of MS can be separated into optic, spinal cord ± brain, cerebellar and autonomic symptoms.
List the symptoms of cerebellar involvement.

A
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13
Q

The symptoms of MS can be separated into optic, spinal cord ± brain, cerebellar and autonomic symptoms.
List the symptoms indicative of autonomic dysfunction.

A
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14
Q

What are the ddx for MS?

A
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15
Q

List all the symptoms of MS.

A
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16
Q

What exam findings would you expect in an MS patient on:
1. general inspection

A
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17
Q

What exam findings would you expect in an MS patient on:
1. Cranial Nerve Exam

A
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18
Q

What exam findings would you expect in an MS patient on:
1. Cerebellar Exam

A
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19
Q

What exam findings would you expect in an MS patient on:
1. UL/LL Motor Exam

A
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20
Q

What exam findings would you expect in an MS patient on:
1. UL/LL sensory Exam

A
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21
Q

What special test can be offered for the exam portion of an MS case?

22
Q

Outline all the possible exam findings for MS.

23
Q

What criteria would you use to diagnose R-R MS? Explain the criteria.

24
Q

What criteria would you use to diagnose primary progressive MS? Explain the criteria.

25
Q

How are oligoclonal bands found?

26
Q

What would expect to see on MRI brain and spine of MS? What type of MRI is it?

27
Q

What is the purpose of Visual Evoked Potentials and SomatoSensory Evoked Potentials in the setting of MS?

28
Q

What investigations would you order to aid in the diagnosis of MS.

29
Q

What are poor prognostic factors of RRMS?

30
Q

What is the definition of an acute relapse of MS?

31
Q

Outline the acute management of an MS relapse.

32
Q

In the acute management of MS, what should be co-prescribed with the steroids?

33
Q

What is the 1st line long term management for R-RMS?

A

Interferon beta 1a/1b
Glatiramer Acetate
Teriflunomide

34
Q

What is the 2nd line long term management for R-RMS?

A

Dimethyl Fumarate (BG12)
Fingolimod

35
Q

What is the 3rd line long term management for R-RMS?

A

Ocrelizumab
Natalizumab

36
Q

How is the following medication administered? List the SEs.
1.Interferon beta 1a/1b

37
Q

How is the following medication administered?
1. Glatiramer Acetate

38
Q

How is the following medication administered? List the contraindications.
1. Teriflunomide

39
Q

How is the following medication administered? List the SEs.
1. Dimethyl Fumarate

40
Q

How is the following medication administered? What precautions should be taken for this medication.
1. Fingolimod

41
Q

How is the following medication administered? List the SEs.
1. Ocrelizumab

42
Q

How is the following medication administered? List the SEs. What test should be done before starting a patient on this drug?
1. Natalizumab

43
Q

What is the long term management of primary progressive MS?

44
Q

What is the long term management of siponimod progressive MS? How is it administered?

45
Q

The treatment of MS requires an MDT approach to manage symptoms. What is involved in symptom management of spasticity?

46
Q

The treatment of MS requires an MDT approach to manage symptoms. What is involved in symptom management of fatigue?

47
Q

The treatment of MS requires an MDT approach to manage symptoms. What is involved in symptom management of neuropathic pain?

48
Q

The treatment of MS requires an MDT approach to manage symptoms. What is involved in symptom management of bladder dysfunction?

49
Q

The treatment of MS requires an MDT approach to manage symptoms. What is involved in symptom management of depression?

50
Q

Outline the full management of MS.

Ch. 8 - Neurology (10 decks)

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