MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Question 1

is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the CNS, characterized by regions of DEMYELINATION throughout the white matter of the CNS

Answer 1

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 2

What are the exogenous causes of MS?

Answer 2

o Viral infections
o Smoking
o Environmental toxins
o Vitamin D deficiency

Question 3

Viral or foreign peptides presented
by HLA class II molecules
activate T cells, triggering an
immune response that mistakenly
attacks the body’s own tissues.

What is this theory?

Answer 3

Molecular Mimicry

Question 4

What is the target organ of Multiple sclerosis?

Answer 4

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Question 5

This refers to the destruction of the myelin sheath

Answer 5

DEMYELINATION

Question 6

What are the GENERAL signs and symptoms of MS?

Answer 6

• Visual disturbances
• Weakness or diminished dexterity in one
  or more limbs
• Locomotor incoordination
• Dizziness
• Facial palsy
• Numerous sensory abnormalities
• Flashes of light seen on eye movement
• Fatigue
• Bladder and bowel dysfunction
• Loss of balance
• Loss of memory
• Slurred speech
• Difficulty swallowing
• Seizures
• Depression

Question 7

What are the SPECIFIC signs and symptoms of MS?

Answer 7

• Lhermitte’s Sign
• Uhthoff’s Phenomenon
• Painful Tonic Seizure

Question 8

LABORATORY TESTING FOR DIAGNOSIS OF MS?

Answer 8

Immunofixation electrophoresis
Oligoclonal banding and CSF IgG INDEX

Question 9

• Antiserum is applied directly to
  the gel’s surface
• Immunodiffusion takes place in a
  shorter time
• Antibody of known specificity is
  used to determine whether a
  patient’s antigen is present

Answer 9

Immunofixation electrophoresis

Question 10

bands on protein electrophoresis that are not seen in serum

Answer 10

Oligoclonal bands

Question 11

compares the amount of IgG in spinal fluid to that of serum

Answer 11

CSF IgG index