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Semester 1 Ap Gov Exam > multiple choice > Flashcards

multiple choice Flashcards

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1
Q

how many senators are there and how many from each state and how long term

A

100 and 2 and 6 years

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2
Q

how many us house members? from each state? how long is their term of office?

A

435 variety from each state
and 2 year term

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3
Q

Speaker of house?
senate majority?
and Chief justice?

A

speaker: Mike Johnson
Senate majority: John thune
Chief justice: John roberts

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4
Q

who is the main author of declaration of independence

A

Thomas jefferson

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5
Q

main premise is declaration of independence

A

people have natural rights that cannot be taken away and it is the gov job to protect these rights and can remove leaders who violate these rights

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6
Q

what were the weaknesses of the articles of confederation

A

the national gov couldn’t tax
no independent leader
gov couldn’t regulate commerce

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7
Q

how were votes determined in articles of confederation how many votes were needed?

A

one vote from each state and needed 9/13 votes needed

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8
Q

what were the Virginia and New Jersey plans?

A

Virginia plan-legislative branch would have 2 houses both would be decided on population of state
New Jersey- 1 house and all states would have the same # of reps

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9
Q

what was the great compromise

A

2 chambers 1 Each states have the same # of reps and and 2 based of population

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10
Q

how many votes does each state get for president under electoral college

A

the number of senators plus # of HOR

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11
Q

what clause speaks to when state laws conflict with national laws

A

supremacy clause

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12
Q

what year was the constitution written

A

1787

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13
Q

what is the separation of powers

A

assigning law makeing, law enforcing, and law interpenetrating

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14
Q

what happens if no candidate receives a majority of electoral votes

A

the house of reps pick president

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15
Q

what was the OG plan for how the President and V.P. were selected

A

the person with the most votes was president and the 2nd highest is V.P.

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16
Q

how long of a term do federal judges serve? How are federal judges appointed?

A

Life time appointed by the president confirmed by the senate

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17
Q

what compromises were made regarding slavery in order to ratify the constitution?

A

3/5 compromise can ban slave trade for 20 years and fugitive slaves had to be returned

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18
Q

What were supporters of the Constitution called? Why did they support this?

A

federalist they thought the articles of confederation were to weak

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19
Q

What were opponents of the Constitution called? Why did they oppose this?

A

anti federalists they feared a strong national gov and states would loose lots of rights

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20
Q

What were the Federalist papers?

A

85 newspaper articles written to defend the constitution

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21
Q

What were the main arguments of Federalist 10, 51, 70, and 78?

A

10-factions to argue that gov wouldn’t be ruled by one
51-tyranny would be prevented by checks and balances, and checks and balances
70- arguing 1 single executive as leader of executive branch
78-judical branch is least dangerous because they have no force or will only judgement

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22
Q

What were the main arguments of Brutus 1?

A

the size of US was to large for efficient central government.

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23
Q

What was added to ensure the ratification of the Constitution?

A

bill of rights

24
Q

Which Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?

A

marbury vs madison

25
Q

What are grants-in-aid?

A

general term for money paid by 1 level of gov or another

26
Q

What is selective incorporation?

A

process that the supreme court applies the bill or rights to states on a case by case basis

27
Q

What is fiscal federalism?

A

the federal gov use of grants in aid to influence powers in the states

28
Q

What was decided in the Supreme Court case of United States vs. Lopez?

A

limits to the national gov to the national gov ability to regulate behavior based on the commerce clause(gave states more power)

29
Q

what is federalism?

A

division of power between national gov and state gov

30
Q

What are characteristics of Dual Federalism?

A

(layer cake) a belief that the power of national gov and states are differentiated

31
Q

What are characteristics of Cooperative Federalism?

A

(marble cake)National gov and state govs to share power

32
Q

What was decided in the Supreme Court case of McCulloch vs. Maryland?

A

a national bank is constitutional and states can not tax it(gave national gov more power)

33
Q

What is the 10 th Amendment to the Constitution?

A

any powers not specifically given to national gov more denied to the states go to the states

34
Q

What are enumerated powers?

A

Powers specifically given to the national gov especially congress

35
Q

What is the necessary and proper clause?

A

it grants Congress authority to legislate as it seems fit to carry out its constitutionally granted powers

36
Q

What is the commerce clause?

A

grants congress power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, among states, and foreign tribes

37
Q

What is the role of both the House of Representatives and the Senate regarding
impeachment?

A

the HOR can impeach a president with majority vote and the Senate holds a trial with needs 2/3 vote for removal

38
Q

What is descriptive representation?

A

a belief constituents are most effectively represented by legislators that have similar demographics

39
Q

Why does Congress use committees? What are standing committees?

A

to break up work load and standing committees a perminate committee divided by policy area

40
Q

What is the role of a committee chair?

A

head of a committee of the majority party and tend to set the agenda for committee

41
Q

What is a select committee? When are these used?

A

a temporary committee for investigations and they disband

42
Q

What are the names of the roles of leaders in both the House of Representatives and the
Senate called?

A

most powerful person in HOR is the speaker but in the Senate is majority leader

43
Q

What Constitutional Amendment changes the method in which Senators were selected?
How did this happen?

A

17th amendment in 1913 they appointed until then

44
Q

What is reapportionment? When does this occur?

A

redistribution of representatives among the states occurs when population changes

45
Q

What is gerrymandering?

A

a belief that political districts are redrawn to the advantage of the political party in power

46
Q

What is an incumbent? What is the incumbency advantage? Describe some advantages
incumbents have?

A

a current office holder
grader name recognition usually have more money on hand and also have the franking privilege

47
Q

What is a filibuster? What is cloture?

A

filibuster non stop speak making to prevent a vote in senate
cloture is limits the amount of time that can be spent debating a bill

48
Q

What is divided government?

A

1 party controls white house and the other is the majority in atleast 1 of the 2 chambers of congress

49
Q

What is the budget setting process?

A

budget is sent to Congress by the president for approval

50
Q

What is mandatory spending?

A

spending that is requred by law that Congress doesn’t need to approve each year

51
Q

What is discretionary spending?

A

1/3 of budget they vote of each year for military and education

52
Q

What is a budget surplus? What is a budget deficit?

A

when gov collects more money in taxes then they spend in a year

53
Q

What is bipartisanship?

A

2 political party’s work together to pass legislation

54
Q

What is the delegate role? What is the trustee role?

A

a member of Congress votes on constituents wishes
member of Congress votes on there personal values

55
Q

What was decided in the case of Baker vs. Carr?

A

state legislative districts have to be approximately equal

56
Q

What was decided in the Supreme Court case of Shaw vs. Reno?

A

race cant be the only factor in creating a congressional district

Semester 1 Ap Gov Exam (4 decks)

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