Multicultural Flashcards
What are the 5 stages of Helms’ Racial Minority Identity model? (Helms, 1984; 1995)
(Helms, 1984; 1995)1. Preencounter: external self-definition; devalues own racial group; allegiance with white standards2. Encounter: confusion; ambivalence about commitment to own race; repression of anxiety provoking material3. Immersion/Emersion: realize own race; denigrate all things white; hypervigilant toward racial stimuli4. Internalization: positive commitment to own race; capacity to respond objectively to white culture; flexible5. Integrative Awareness: capacity to see own multiple roles, collective identities; empathize with social justice issues
What are the 5 stages of Sue & Sue’s (1999) Racial/Cultural Identity Model?
- Conformity: preference for dominant cultural values over own; self-deprecating or neutral views toward self and own race2. Dissonance & Appreciating: growing awareness of racism; conflict between deprecating and appreciating self/own culture3. Resistance & Immersion: endorse minority-held view and reject dominant view; view whites as oppressor4. Introspection: question their rigid resistance to dominant culture5. Integrative Awareness: develop sense of inner security; belief in acceptable and unacceptable aspects of all cultures
Are there models for specific racial/ethnic identities?
Oh yes, -Black identity (Cross, 1971), -Asian American identity (Kim, 1981), -Latino/Hispanic American identity (Ruiz, 1990)
What are Helms (1995) 6 stages of White Identity Development Model?
- Contact: oblivious to racism, color-blind. 2. Disintegration: conflicted; believing one is nonracist, yet not wanting child to marry a minority 3. Reintegration: firmer belief in White racial superiority;minorities blamed for their own problems.4. Pseudo-Independence: beginning understanding of racial, cultural, and sexual orientation differences and interact with minorities; intellectual exercise.5. Immersion/Emersion: increasing willingness to truly confront oneäó»s own biases, increasing maturity that were previously lacking6. Autonomy: Development of strong nonracist white identity
Discussing racial differences in therapy is____
beneficial for the working alliance (Zhang & McCoy, 2009)
Give examples of how therapist are culturally bound in therapy.
Advice giving is not appropriate- In Latino culture it is valued. Dual roles and self-disclosure viewed as beneficial in AfAm (D W Sue & Sue, 1999)
Lack of MC comptence has been present in our work due to ƒ.
- Belief in universality 3. Invisible monoculture privilage 3. Hard to define MC Competence 4. No framework (Sue, 2001)
The Multidimensional facets of CC are composed of
- Race/ Culture specific (X5) 2. Components of CC (AKS) 3. Foci of Culture (Sociatal, Organization, Professional, Individual)
Racism in the new age has been more difficult to combat due to it’s cover nature. What are the everyday encounters that can happen in therapy?
Microaggressions (Sue et al, 2007) andthey happen in therapy (Ridley, 2005)
What are the first steps that therapist must due to become multiculturally competant regardless of the models?
Become aware of their own biases (Ridley, 1995)
In Latino culture, advice is viewed as _____
helping and valuable thus expect it from therapist (Comas-Diaz, 1990)
In both Asian and Latino cultures interdepence is viewed as ____
Healthy (McGoldric et al., 1996)
The three components of cross-cultural competence are ___.
AKS -Awareness, Knowledge and Skills (Sue, 2001)
African American culture generally views high emotion as ____.
Authenticity (Parham et al,. 1999)
Reasons for the MC movement are.
- Increase in diversity 2. Disparity in MH needs/access 3. Justice (Ethical) Sue et al, 2009
