Multicellular Organisms pt2 Flashcards
Sensory neurons
Carry electrical impulses from sense organs (receptors) to the CNS
Inter neurons
Carry impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons
Motor neurons
Carry eletrical impulses from CNS to mucle or glands (effector)
Synapse
Occurs between neurons
What carries the messages sent by eletrical impulses between the neurons and the synapses
Chemicals
What is the endocrine system
It influences almost every cell and organ in the body.controls process that happen slowly
The main part of the endocrine system are
Glands, organs and hormones
Glands release what into the blood stream
Hormones
Hormones are…
Chemical messengers in the blood e.g ADH
Target tissues have….
Receptors for the hormones so only specific tissues are effected by specific hormones
Glucose is…
A sugar released during the break down of carbohydrates that provides the body with energy
How can glucose be stored
As fat or glycogen in the liver
The level of glucose in the blood is controlled by…
Hormones
If a rise of blood sugar is detected
The pancreas sends insulin in the blood to convert the glucose into glycogen
If blood sugar drops…
The pancreas produces glucagon that breaks down glycogen into glucose
Gametes are…
Specialised cells
Gametes contains….
Half the genetic information of a normal body cell
Cells that contain only half of the genetic information are called..
Haploids
Normal cells are referred to as
Diploid
Cells need to be replaced when…
They become too old to function
Cells are replaced by…
Existing cells dividing
Mitosis is…
The division of the nucleus
At stage one of mitosis…
The DNA is uncoiled
At stage two of mitosis…
Chromatids apear
At stage three of mitosis…
Chromosomes line up at the equator
At stage four of mitosis…
Spindle fibers pull the chromatids apart
At stage five of mitosis…
The cytoplasm splits and the nucleus reforms
At stage six of mitosis…
Two daughter cells are formed
Chromosomes contain ….
All the genetic information required for the development of the cell
The chromosome compliment is…
The number of chromosomes in a species nucli
Diploid cells…
Have sets of chromosomes eg humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 individual chromosomes
Stem cells are…
Unspecified cells found in all animals
Glucose is…
A sugar released during the breakdown of carbohydrates to provide the body with energy
What regulates the levels of glucose in the blood?
Hormones (glucagon and insulin)
If the pancreas detects a rise in blood sugar it…..
Produces insulin
Insulin converts glucose to…
Glycogen for storage
If the pancreas detects a drop in blood sugar it produces….
Glucagon which breaks glycogen into glucose
