Cell Cultures And Genetic Engineering Flashcards
What precautions can be taken when using micro organisms
Clean work surface
Washed hands
Lab coats worn
Sterile equipment
What factors must be controlled for optimum conditions for cell culturing
Suitable temperature
Suitable oxygen
Suitable PH
Suitable growth medium (agar)
What is a gene
a section of DNA which codes for a characteristic eg. Eye colour
What is the 1st stage of genetic engineering
Locate the desired gene
What is the 2nd stage of genetic engineering
Cut out gene using enzyme
What is the 3st stage of genetic engineering
Remove plasmid from bacterial cell
What is the 4th stage of genetic engineering
Cut open plasmid using an enzyme
What is the 5th stage of genetic engineering
Put gene into plasmid and plasmid into bacterial cell
What is the 6th stage of genetic engineering
Bacterial cells multiply
What is the 7th stage of genetic engineering
Mass production
Name an example of how DNA can be transferred naturally from one cell to another
A virus
Name an example of how DNA can be transferred unnaturally from one cell to another
Genetic engineering
Name examples of genetic engineering in multicellular organisms
Golden rice- genetically modified to contain vitamin A
Blight resistant potatoes- modified to resist blight parasite
Tomatoes with longer shelf life
Benefits of genetic engineering
- microorganisms can be grown quickly and easily at low cost and higher yeilds
- promotes football security for increasing populations
Issues with genetic engineering
Food doesn’t taste as good
Few studies to confirm safety
Use of bacteria instils fear of new diseases
Un-natural
