Multi store Model of memory Flashcards
What does the multi-store model (MSM) describe?
How information flows through the memory system
Proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968 and 1971.
What are the three stores in the multi-store model?
- Sensory register (SR)
- Short-term memory (STM)
- Long-term memory (LTM)
These stores are linked by processing.
What is the role of attention in the multi-store model?
Attention is the key process for transferring information from sensory register to short-term memory
Information only passes further if attention is paid to it.
What is the duration of material in the sensory register?
Less than half a second
This duration is very brief.
What is the capacity of the sensory register?
Very high, over one hundred million cells in one eye
Each cell can store data.
What coding is used in the sensory register?
Modality-specific coding
For example, iconic memory for visual information and echoic memory for auditory information.
How long does information last in short-term memory (STM) without rehearsal?
About 18 seconds
STM is considered a temporary store.
What is the capacity of short-term memory according to the magical number?
Between five and nine items
The magical number is often cited as 7 ± 2.
What is maintenance rehearsal?
Repeating material to ourselves over and over again
This process helps keep information in short-term memory.
What happens to information after prolonged rehearsal in STM?
It passes into long-term memory (LTM)
Prolonged rehearsal is necessary for this transfer.
Fill in the blank: The store coding for visual information is _______.
iconic memory
Fill in the blank: The store coding for sound information is _______.
echoic memory
What is long-term memory (LTM)?
The potentially permanent memory store for information that has been rehearsed for a prolonged time.
LTM is mostly coded semantically, meaning in terms of meaning.
How long can information be stored in long-term memory?
Up to a lifetime.
This is supported by findings from Bahrick et al. (1975), where participants recognized names and faces of school classmates almost 50 years later.
What is the capacity of long-term memory?
Practically unlimited.
What process transfers information from long-term memory to short-term memory?
Retrieval.
Fill in the blank: LTM is coded mostly _______.
semantically.
True or False: Long-term memory can only store information for a few years.
False.
What did Bahrick et al. (1975) study reveal about long-term memory?
Participants could recognize names and faces of classmates nearly 50 years after graduation.
Strengths of MSM
Research of Baddley, Peterson and Peterson
Limitations of MSM
WMM argue STM isnt just rehearsal
Tasks in the supporting evidence lack mundane realism
