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Psychology - Memory > Multi-store Model > Flashcards

Multi-store Model Flashcards

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1
Q

model

A

wya of representing a psychological process and expaining an idea so that it can be experimentally tested

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2
Q

MSMM proposed by?

A

Atkinson and Shiffrim

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3
Q

three stores in MSMM

A

sesory registor, STM, LTM

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4
Q

capacity

A

amount of info that can be held in memory

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5
Q

coding

A

transormation of sensory information into a form of code (memory trace) that allows it to be stored in memory

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6
Q

duration

A

amount of time a memory lasts

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7
Q

three types of coding

A

acoustic, sematic, visual

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8
Q

maintenance rehearsal

A

rehearsal of memory to keep ot in the STM

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9
Q

elaborative rehearsal

A

rehearsal of info so it goes into the LTM

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10
Q

attention

A

the SR’s mechanism for selecting relevant info to move to STM. and discarding the rest

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

SR capacity

A

unlimited

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13
Q

SR duration

A

less than 0.5 seconds

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14
Q

SR coding

A

modality specific, according to sensory source

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15
Q

STM capacity

A

very limitd, around 7 +/- 2 chunks

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16
Q

STM duration

A

around 15-30 seconds but maintenence rehearsal can extend this duration

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17
Q

STM coding

A

thought to be mainly acoustic

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18
Q

LTM capacity

A

potentially unlimited

19
Q

LTM duration

A

up to a lifetime

20
Q

LTM coding

A

thought to be mainly semantic

21
Q

sperling studied…

A

… the sensory register

22
Q

jacobs studied…

A

…capacity of the STM

23
Q

Sperling original

A

very briefly displayed to Ps visual arrays of 3 rows of 4 letters –> could recal 4-5 in 0.5 seconds but were ware of presence of other letters

24
Q

Sperling partial report

A
  • trained Ps to recognise 3 tones, each indicating a row on the display
  • presented series of displays for 0.5s and sunded tone immediately to indicate which row to write down
  • Ps recalled avg 75% of cued letters
25
Q

SR forgetting

A

decay

26
Q

STM forgetting

A

decay or dsplacement

27
Q

LTM forgetting

A

decay, interference or retrieval failure

28
Q

7 +/- 2

A

Miller’s magic number

29
Q

Miller’s chunking theory

A

can remember 7+/- 2 chunks, so if info chunked, can remember more

30
Q

who investigated duration of STM?

A

Peterson and Peterson

31
Q

what technique did Peterson and Peterson use

A

Brown-Peterson technique

32
Q

trigram

A

set of 3 consonents, e.g. GDT

33
Q

what does Peterson and Peterson’s study support?

A

duration of STM is around 18 seconds long

34
Q

Baddeley (acoustic vs semantic) aim

A

investigate main form of coding in STM and LTM by identifying errors in the recall of different words

35
Q

Baddeley (acoustic vs semantic) procedure

A

Ps shown various lists of words (acoustically and sematically similar or dissimilar) and asked to recall them in correct order.

36
Q

Baddeley (acoustic vs semantic) findings

A
  • when tested immediately after (STM), made more mistakes from mixing u acoustically similar words rather than semantically similar words
  • when tested 20 minutes after (LTM), mistakes from mixing up smeatically similar words rather than acoustically similar words
37
Q

Bahrick investigated…

A

…duration of LTM

38
Q

Bahrick aim

A

investigate duration of LTM by identifying whether people could still remembber the names of clasmates years after they’d left school

39
Q

how many participants did Bahrick have?

A

392

40
Q

Clive Wearing

A
  • brain damage due to virus
  • unable to form new LT memories, but has some ST memory and can hold a brief conversation
  • suggests separate stores
  • suggests LT not unitary
41
Q

KF

A
  • motorbike accident
  • reduced STM to 2 digits but can still form LT memories
  • support separate stores
  • doesn’t explain how could form new LTMs w/o STM (MSMM suggests memory is linear)
  • visual memory worked but not acoustic, suggesting separate STM stores
42
Q

HM

A
  • operation to treat epilepsy, removing hippocampus
  • unable to form new LTMs but could remember those prior to op
  • did well on digit spa tests, showing good STM
  • supports MSMM
  • however, able to develop new skills (procedural) suggesting LTM not unitary
43
Q

serial position effect

A
  • Murdoch
  • remember begnning and end not middle

Psychology - Memory (6 decks)

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