Multi-store Model

Question 1

model

Answer 1

wya of representing a psychological process and expaining an idea so that it can be experimentally tested

Question 2

MSMM proposed by?

Answer 2

Atkinson and Shiffrim

Question 3

three stores in MSMM

Answer 3

sesory registor, STM, LTM

Question 4

capacity

Answer 4

amount of info that can be held in memory

Question 5

coding

Answer 5

transormation of sensory information into a form of code (memory trace) that allows it to be stored in memory

Question 6

duration

Answer 6

amount of time a memory lasts

Question 7

three types of coding

Answer 7

acoustic, sematic, visual

Question 8

maintenance rehearsal

Answer 8

rehearsal of memory to keep ot in the STM

Question 9

elaborative rehearsal

Answer 9

rehearsal of info so it goes into the LTM

Question 10

attention

Answer 10

the SR’s mechanism for selecting relevant info to move to STM. and discarding the rest

Question 12

SR capacity

Answer 12

unlimited

Question 13

SR duration

Answer 13

less than 0.5 seconds

Question 14

SR coding

Answer 14

modality specific, according to sensory source

Question 15

STM capacity

Answer 15

very limitd, around 7 +/- 2 chunks

Question 16

STM duration

Answer 16

around 15-30 seconds but maintenence rehearsal can extend this duration

Question 17

STM coding

Answer 17

thought to be mainly acoustic

Question 18

LTM capacity

Answer 18

potentially unlimited

Question 19

LTM duration

Answer 19

up to a lifetime

Question 20

LTM coding

Answer 20

thought to be mainly semantic

Question 21

sperling studied…

Answer 21

… the sensory register

Question 22

jacobs studied…

Answer 22

…capacity of the STM

Question 23

Sperling original

Answer 23

very briefly displayed to Ps visual arrays of 3 rows of 4 letters –> could recal 4-5 in 0.5 seconds but were ware of presence of other letters

Question 24

Sperling partial report

Answer 24

• trained Ps to recognise 3 tones, each indicating a row on the display
• presented series of displays for 0.5s and sunded tone immediately to indicate which row to write down
• Ps recalled avg 75% of cued letters

Question 25

SR forgetting

Answer 25

decay

Question 26

STM forgetting

Answer 26

decay or dsplacement

Question 27

LTM forgetting

Answer 27

decay, interference or retrieval failure

Question 28

7 +/- 2

Answer 28

Miller's magic number

Question 29

Miller's chunking theory

Answer 29

can remember 7+/- 2 chunks, so if info chunked, can remember more

Question 30

who investigated duration of STM?

Answer 30

Peterson and Peterson

Question 31

what technique did Peterson and Peterson use

Answer 31

Brown-Peterson technique

Question 32

trigram

Answer 32

set of 3 consonents, e.g. GDT

Question 33

what does Peterson and Peterson's study support?

Answer 33

duration of STM is around 18 seconds long

Question 34

Baddeley (acoustic vs semantic) aim

Answer 34

investigate main form of coding in STM and LTM by identifying errors in the recall of different words

Question 35

Baddeley (acoustic vs semantic) procedure

Answer 35

Ps shown various lists of words (acoustically and sematically similar or dissimilar) and asked to recall them in correct order.

Question 36

Baddeley (acoustic vs semantic) findings

Answer 36

* when tested immediately after (STM), made more mistakes from mixing u acoustically similar words rather than semantically similar words * when tested 20 minutes after (LTM), mistakes from mixing up smeatically similar words rather than acoustically similar words

Question 37

Bahrick investigated...

Answer 37

...duration of LTM

Question 38

Bahrick aim

Answer 38

investigate duration of LTM by identifying whether people could still remembber the names of clasmates years after they'd left school

Question 39

how many participants did Bahrick have?

Answer 39

392

Question 40

Clive Wearing

Answer 40

* brain damage due to virus * unable to form new LT memories, but has some ST memory and can hold a brief conversation * suggests separate stores * suggests LT not unitary

Question 41

KF

Answer 41

* motorbike accident * reduced STM to 2 digits but can still form LT memories * support separate stores * doesn't explain how could form new LTMs w/o STM (MSMM suggests memory is linear) * visual memory worked but not acoustic, suggesting separate STM stores

Question 42

HM

Answer 42

* operation to treat epilepsy, removing hippocampus * unable to form new LTMs but could remember those prior to op * did well on digit spa tests, showing good STM * supports MSMM * however, able to develop new skills (procedural) suggesting LTM not unitary

Question 43

serial position effect

Answer 43

* Murdoch * remember begnning and end not middle