Cognitive Interview

Question 1

who developed the CI?

Answer 1

Fisher and Geiselman

Question 2

what is the CI?

Answer 2

interview method to help EWs retrieve more accurate memories, using insights from cognitive psychology

Question 3

4 main aspects of CI

Answer 3

1. report everything
2. reinstate the context
3. change order of recall
4. change perspective

Question 4

why is reporting everything important?

Answer 4

any detail may be important and may act as cues triggering recall of other important details

Question 5

why is reinstating the context important?

Answer 5

may act as cues for recall, reducing risk of context or state dependent forgetting

Question 6

why is changing order of recall important?

Answer 6

• avoids use of schemas which may be inaccurate based on what we think makes sense
• prevents dishonesty as harder lie when recounting in reverse

Question 7

why is changing the perspective important in CI?

Answer 7

disrupts effect of schema as may recall expectations of what we think happened rather tahn genuine memories

Question 8

5 features of enhanced ognitive interview

Answer 8

1. correct level of eye contact
2. reducing EW anxiety
3. minimising distractions
4. using open-ended questions
5. get witness to speak slowly

Question 9

variations of CI (evaluation)

Answer 9

• different police forces use different parts of CI so hard to compare
• shortened version often includes mental reinstatement and report everything as research shows theses two elemetns produce the best results in recall

Question 10

Stein and Memon

Answer 10

• women on cleaning staff of a uni watched a video of an abduction
• those with CI gave much superior data than those with standard interview procedure
• evidence of efficacy
• however known to be atrifical situation

Question 11

Implications on the economy of CI (1 good, 1 bad)

Answer 11

• takes much longer than standard interview
• could mean need greater funding for police requiring increased public spending
• as more effective and successful, could increase police efficiency and decrease costs to businesses through lower crime rates

Question 12

Geiselman et al. support of CI

Answer 12

• 89 police traineesshown police training videos of simulated violent crimes
• 48 hours later, interviewed with standard interview or CI
• interviews recorded and assessed for correct and incorrect answers
• more correct answers with CI
• similar number of incorrect answers
• slightly more confabulated nswers in standard interview

Question 13

Kohken et al. (cognitive interview study)

Answer 13

• found increase in accurate info (41%) from CI than standard interview
• shows effective in helping recall info stored in memory but not immediately accessible
• also found increase in inaccurate info recalled
• esp. in ECI, which produced more inaccurate info than CI
• may sacrifice quality for quantity