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Infectious Disease > Multi-Resistant Bacteria, Systemic Bacteria, and Rheumatic Fever > Flashcards

Multi-Resistant Bacteria, Systemic Bacteria, and Rheumatic Fever Flashcards

Multidrug-resistant bacteria/MRSA Sepsis/Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Rheumatic Fever

1
Q

CRE

A

one work day

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2
Q

MDR-A

A

one work day

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3
Q

VRSA

A

immediately

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4
Q

VISA

A

immediately

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5
Q

Sepsis/ Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

A

NOPE

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6
Q

Rheumatic Fever

A

NOPE

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7
Q

What does MRSA stand for?

A

Methicillin resistant Staph aureus

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8
Q

ESBL stand for?

A

Extended spectrum beta lactamase

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9
Q

CPE stand for?

A

Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae

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10
Q

VRE stand for?

A

vancomycin resistant enterococci

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11
Q

What is more likely to cause surgical site infection, bone infections, and septic?

A

MRSA

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12
Q

Causes urinary tract infections?

A

ESBL
CPE
VRE

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13
Q

How do you diagnose MRSA?

A

Regular bacterial culture

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14
Q

How do you diagnose ESBL?

A

stool specimen or a rectal smear

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15
Q

How do you diagnose VRE?

A

culture of vancomycin-resistant enterococci

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16
Q

How is MRSA spread?

A

direct contact

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17
Q

What are 6 colonization sites for MRSA?

A
  • Nostrils
  • Throat
  • Perineum
  • Groins
  • Armpits
  • Skin lesions
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18
Q

What is the most important means of preventing the spread of MRSA?

A

hand disinfection before and after all contact with pts

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19
Q

What is the txt for colonized MRSA?

A

Mupirocin (x2 dy to nostrils during 5 dys)

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20
Q

Txt for Hospital MRSA?

A

Vancomycin

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21
Q

Txt for Hospital ESBL?

A

Meropenem or imipeneum

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22
Q

Txt for Hospital CPE?

A

not clearly defined

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23
Q

Txt for Hospital VRE

A

not clearly defined

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24
Q

If a pt reported a “spider . bite” but no clear hx of spider they might have..

A

CA-MRSA

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25
Q

DOC for Community MRSA?

A

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

26
Q

Other drugs used for CA-MRSA?

A

Doxycycline

Clindamycin

27
Q

What is the #1 prevention of CA-MRSA?

A

wash hands

28
Q

What organisms cause sepsis?

A

gram positive organism

29
Q

Fever, hypotension, tachypnea, and tachycardia typically present for?

30
Q

What does SOFA stand for?

A

Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score

31
Q

SOFA required for sepsis?

A

> 2 points from baseline

32
Q

What is Quick SOFA (qSOFA)

A

a new bedside measure used to prompt further investigation of suspected infection or cause of organ dysfunction

33
Q

What 3 variables have to met for qSOFA?

A

Respiratory rate > 22/min
Altered mentation
SBP< 100 mm Hg

34
Q

What is the diagnostic for sepsis?

A

Blood culture- two from different sites

35
Q

What is elevated in sepsis labs?

A

serum lactate

36
Q

What is the txt for sepsis?

A

Venous access
IV fluids
Antibiotics

37
Q

When should antibiotic therapy be initiated in sepsis?

A

first hour after culture

38
Q

What is the treatment for sepsis in neonate?

A

ampicillin and gentamicin

39
Q

What is the treatment for adult sepsis?

A

vancomycin + two agents

40
Q

What causes Acute Rheumatic Fever?

A

B-hemolytic streptococcal infection

41
Q

What is the leading cause of CV during the first five decades of life?

A

Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)

42
Q

What is seen in the immigrant population?

A

Acute Rheumatic Fever

43
Q

What does ARF effect?

A

carditis and damage to cardiac valves

44
Q

What is the earliest ARF symptom?

45
Q

What disease “migrates” from joint to joint?

46
Q

What is #1 cause of mitral or aortic regurgitation murmurs?

47
Q

What symptom might develop first in carditis in ARF?

A

asymptomatic carditis

48
Q

What is sydenham chorea

A

involuntary choreoathetoid movements

49
Q

Where is erythema marinatum (annulare) seen?

50
Q

Where is subcutaneous nodules found?

51
Q

How is ARF diagnosed?

A

Jones Criteria

52
Q

What is the JOnes criteria for ARF?

A

two major manifestations or one major and two minor

53
Q

What is the classic finding in rheumatic heart disease

A

Mitral stenosis

54
Q

What is the txt for ARF?

A

penicillin (erythromycin)
Strict bed rest
Salicylates (ASA)
Corticosteroids

55
Q

How do you txt carditis?

A

corticosteroids and IV immunoglobulin

56
Q

TB rates are highest among?

A
  • young adults in developing world

- Older adults in the U.S.

57
Q

“Millet seed”

A

Miliary TB

58
Q

Txt for miliary TB?

A

Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol for 6 mo

59
Q

How is non-TB m. avium treated?

A

Clarthromycin plus ethambutol w/wo rifabutin

60
Q

What is the prophylaxis for Non-TB m. avium?

A

single oral of clarithyromycin

61
Q

What causes Hansen’s disease (Leprosy)

62
Q

How is leprosy treated?

A

Rifampin, colfazmine, dapsone

Infectious Disease (6 decks)

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