Multi Hazard Zones

Question 1

What is a multi hazard zone?

Answer 1

Regions or parts of the world that are exposed to a range of hazards e.g. meteorological, climatic and geomorphic impacts.

Question 2

e.g. of a multi-hazard zone?

Answer 2

Philippines

Question 3

disaster risk equation

Answer 3

Risk (R) = Hazard (H) x Vulnerability (V)

Capacity (C)

Question 4

Hazard: what type of volcanoes?

Answer 4

composite + andesitic magma

- generated at subduction zone

Question 5

Hazard: percentage of the country as risk?

Answer 5

100%

Question 6

Hazards: Typical secondary impacts?

Answer 6

• landslides
• volcanic mudflows
• tsunamis

Question 7

Hazard: most vulnerable areas?

Answer 7

• Northern and Eastern coastline facing pacific

- Scattered islands help reduce risk

Question 8

Vulnerability: features

Answer 8

• lower middle income (GDP Per Capita = $5000)
• Many are poor and line on a coastline - high risk
• increased urbanisation in areas of hiGh risk

Question 9

capacity - cost

Answer 9

0.5% of yearly GDP

Question 10

capacity: what measures has the government put in place?

Answer 10

forecasting
warning
hazard risk
education
other management lacks funding frm gov

Question 11

human factors which increase vulnerability

Answer 11

• earthquake - between 2000 - 2013: 17 earthquakes with a magnitude of 5.6 = numerous deaths and damaged a large number of buildings

Question 12

physical factors increasing vulnerability

Answer 12

lying at fault lines or near major plate boundaries
volcanic activity
geographic location

Question 13

hazard management strategies

Answer 13

• training local volunteers in disaster management

- identifying risk through land use mapping + determining which mitigation measures may be possible

Question 14

limitations to hazard management

Answer 14

• its just too much responsibility

- expensive

Question 15

Kobe Japan - when?

Answer 15

17th January 1955

Question 16

magnitude of the japan thingie

Answer 16

6.8

Question 17

how far was epicenter from center of Kobe?

Answer 17

20km

Question 18

social impacts

Answer 18

• 6000
• 35000 injured
• 250 000 homeless

Question 19

environmental impacts

Answer 19

• homes and buildings collapsed
• 60% of debris
• people rescued in landfill

Question 20

economic impacts

Answer 20

• $1B worth of damage
• 2.5% of Japaneses GDP used to rebuild
• 3% of buildings had no insurance

Question 21

risk x vulnerability

Answer 21

• believed that they were well prepared but others disagree and they were unaware of the severity
• many traditional homes had heavy tiling which killed and injured many
  -barely any experience dealing with this sort of thing as it had not happened in 400 yrs
• ## Japaneses gov accused of not dealing with it as effectively as they could have

Question 22

short term management

Answer 22

• electrical power, gas, water, telecommunications + road and railway was restored within months
• 48000 housing units to help homelessness = 20% of population
• 70% of the parts operation was restored
• 60% of debris is reused
• 15 months later manufacturing was up by 96%`

Question 23

improvements + responses based on character of community

Answer 23

• improved seismic resistance
• improved fire fighting capacity
• protecting lifelines
• community participation
• NGOs
• disaster resistant measures