Muadaaf

Question 1

Define mudaaf and explain its meaning in the context of thulaathee and rubaaee?

Answer 1

Any verb which has 2 identical letters inside of it

Thulaathee - when the any &laam kalimah are the same
tHULAATHEE mujarad eg- رَدَّ
thulaathee mazeed fee - اَعَدَّ

AL-ASAM - referred to mudaaf word from thulathee. Asam refers to something solid or strong. it is given this name because: the joining of the 2 letters (with shadda) makes the word stronger.

The rules of IDHGHAM only apply to to thulaathee mujarad and mazeed fee.

As for Rubaaeee- it is when the faa kalima and the 1st laam kalima are from the same letters OR the ayn kalimah and the second laam kalima are the same letter e.g. زلزل

ALMUTAABAQA - refered to mudaaf words for rubaaee. mutaabaqa means concordance. i.e. faa kalima &1st laam kalima are in concordance to each other.

Question 2

What are the differences between thulaathee and rubaaee in mudaaf?

Answer 2

In rubaee the identical letters are separated by a letter in between which PREVENTS idgham. Thus NO RULES of idgham apply to to rubaaee in mudaaf.
However in THulaathee mujard and mazeed fee, there is no separation between 2 identical letters therefore idgham will still be applied.

Question 3

Summarise the rules of idgham for words containing 2 identical mutaharik letters.

Answer 3

two identical letters which are mutaharik.

A. 2 identical mutaharik letters proceeded by a mad OR mutaharik letter –> Rule: drop harakah from 1st identical letter and do idgham.
حَجَجَ-> حَجْجَ –> حَجَّ (commonly applied to fil maadi)
مَدَّ/ رَدَّ/ مَسَّ
حَاجِجٌ –> حَاجْجٌ (اسم فاعل)

B. If the proceeding letter (ما قبل) to the identical one, is صحيح ساكن then,
Rule: The vowel of the 1st identical letter is transferred back and idghaam is done.
يَحْجُجُ - يَحُجْجُ - يَحُجُّ/ يَمْدُدُ - يَمُدْدُ - يَمُدُّ
يَرْدُدُ - يَرُدْدُ - يَرُدُّ / يَمْسَسُ- يَمَسْسُ - يَمَسُّ
This rule will be applicable to the fil mudaari

Question 4

Summarise the rules of idgham for words containing 2 identical letters whose FIRST is saakin and SECOND is Mutaharik.

Answer 4

if two identical letters come together from the same makhrij, whose first is sakis and second is mutkarik, then it is necessary to apply idgham.

Question 5

Summarise the rules of idgham for words containing 2 identical letters whose First is MUTAHARIK and SECOND is saakin.

Answer 5

idgham is PROBIBITED.
1. IBDAAL - change the 2nd letter into. yaa. ( bore) حَسَسْتُ - حَسَيْتُ
/ اَمْلَلْتُ - اَمْلَيْتُ I sensed
2. Hathaf - OMMIT one of the identical letters . ظَلَلْتُ - ظَلْتُ I continued in daytime/ اَحْسَسْتُ - اَحَسْتُ I sensed

Note: all jamma muanath segaahs to jama mutakalim will be read with fakul idgham. This is because the sukoon is laazim (necessary) so idgham is prohibited.

Question 6

Explain the rule pertaining fil amr after the rule of idgham has been applied

Answer 6

After the rule of idhgam has been applied, if a jaazim is prefixed or the 2nd letter is majzoom because of amr, then the following 3 ways are permissible because the sukoon is arid (temporary because of amr/nahee/harf jazima):

1. to give a FATHA to the second letter in which idgham has been applied because fatha is اَخَفُّ الحركات.
   فِرَّ.
2. To give a KASRA to the second letter because الساكنُ اذا حُرِّكَ, حرِّك بِالكسْر.
   فِرِّ
3. Fakul idghaam - اِفْرِرْ

Note if the maa qabl of the 1st letter is madmoom, then it is also permissible to give the second letter a DAMMA (out of courtesy of the maa qabl of the 1st letter.
لَمْ يَمُدَّ، لم يمُدِّ، لم يَمُدُّ لَمْ يَمْدُدْ