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Peds > MTB 1 > Flashcards

MTB 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of conjunctivitis in newborns day 1?

A

Chemical irritation

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2
Q

Causes of conjunctivitis in newborns days 2-7?

A

Neisseria Gonorrhea

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3
Q

Causes of conjunctivitis in newborns 7-20 days?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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4
Q

Causes of conjunctivitis in newborns more than 21 days?

A

HSV

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5
Q

How does HSV Keratitis present?

A 
Pain
photophobia
decreased vision
dendritic ulcer
Minute clear vesicles in corneal epithelium
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6
Q

What is the tx for Neisseria G. conjunctivitis in NB?

A

IV/IM Cefrtiaxone or Cefoxamine

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7
Q

Complication that arises from Neisseria conjunctivitis in NB?

A

Corneal perforation

Permanent blindness

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8
Q

What is the tx for chlamidya trachomatis conjunctivitis?

A

Oral Erythromycin

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9
Q

What is the cause of worldwide blindness?

A

Trachoma

-Serotypes A-C

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10
Q

4 YO immigrant boy presents w conjunctivitis

A

Trachoma

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11
Q

Tx for trachoma

A

topical tetracycline

oral azithromycin

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12
Q

What do you see in trachoma in the active phase?

A

Follicular conjunctivitis

Pannus (neovascularization) in cornea

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13
Q

How does a neonate with Vit K deficiency present?

A

Bleeding from GI tract, belly button, urinary tract

Hemorrhagic dz of NB

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14
Q

What is Ppx tx for Vit K Def?

A

1 IM dose of Vit K

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15
Q

What is the most common test for PKU?

A
  1. Blood for Phenylalanine

2. Guthrie test - qualitative test (coloration)

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16
Q

What does the Guthrie test detect?

A

Presence of metabolic products of phenylalanine in urine

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17
Q

When do we vaccinate pre term babies? CA or GA?

A

Chronological Age Unless wt is < 2 kg - Can’t do Hep B

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18
Q

Which children get Hep B vaccine?

A

All

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19
Q

Which children get Hep B Ig (HBIG)?

A

Children w HBsAg-positive mothers

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20
Q

When will we see increased circulating RBCs in NB?

A

Transient polycythemia of NB

- Hypoxia during delivery stimulates EPO -> Increased RBCs

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21
Q

How does NB’s Hb normalize after transient hypoxia?

A

NB’s first breath increases O2, dropping EPO, normalizing

22
Q

Is splenomegaly pathologic in NBs?

A

No. It is normal

23
Q

What aids in removing fluid from lungs during delivery?

A

Compression of rib cage when passing thru mother’s vaginal canal.
C-section NBs may have excess fluid and be hypoxic

24
Q

When is tachypnea considered sepsis in NB?

A

When it lasts more than 4 hours

25
Q

Sepsis in NB workup

A

Blood and urine cultures

26
Q

When is vaginal spotting/bleeding in female infant normal? Why does it occur?

A

Less than 3 months b/c of maternal estrogen crosses placenta, entering fetal circulation before birth causing a pubertal effect in NB. Disappears once hormone has been cleared

27
Q

Why do we see transient hyperbilirubinemia in NB?

A

Infant’s spleen removing excess RBCs that carry HbF

Excess breakdown of RBCs -> physiological release of Hb -> rise in BR

28
Q

Caput succedaneum

A

Swelling of soft tissues of scalp that do cross suture lines

29
Q

Cephalohematoma

A

Subperiosteal hemorrhage that do NOT cross suture lines

30
Q

MC skull fx in NB?

A

Linear

31
Q

Most fatal skull fx in NB?

A

Basilar

32
Q

What is shoulder dystocia of NB?

A

After delivery of fetal head, anterior shoulder gets stuck behind pubic bone

33
Q

How does Erb Duchenne Palsy present?

A

Unable to abduct shoulder or externally rotate or supinate arm

34
Q

What part of brachial plexus does Erb Duchene affect?

A

C5-C6

35
Q

Tx for Erb Duchenne?

A

Immobilization

36
Q

What is Klumpke paralysis? How does it present?

A

C7-C8/T1 injury
Claw hand - lack of grasp reflex
Paralyzed hand w/Horners

37
Q

Tx for Klumpkes?

A

Immobilization

38
Q

Best Dx test for Clavicular Fx in NB?

A

Xray

39
Q

Tx for Clavicular Fx in NB?

A

Immobilization
Splinting
PT

40
Q

Tx for Clavicular Fx in preterm breast fed NB?

A

First 6 mos = supplement w Vit D and Iron until 1 yoa

41
Q

What palsy is ass’d with forceps delivery?

A

Facial N palsy

42
Q

How much of amniotic fluid is made by mom? By baby?

A

80% mothers plasma

20% baby swallows, absorbs, filters, urinates

43
Q

What are causes of polyhydramnios?

A

Neuro: Werdnig-Hoffman = infant unable to swallow
GI: Intestinal Atresi

44
Q

What are causes of oligohydramnios?

A

Prune belly = lack of abdominal muscles, can’t bear down and urinate
Renal agenesis = Potter syndrome
Flat facies due to high atmospheric pressure = compresses fetus

45
Q

What is the tx of prune belly?

A

Serial Foley catheter

Risk of UTI

46
Q

How does oligohydramnios present

A

No vertical pocket of amniotic fluid

> 2 cm or AFI <5cm

47
Q

Risk factor for oligohydramnios

How do we monitor

A

Prolonged pregnancy > 42 wks

Monitor with US 2x/week

48
Q

Bowel sounds heard in the back of NB?

A

Diaphragmatic hernia

49
Q

What is a Diaphragmatic hernia?

A

Hole in the diaphragm that allows abdominal contents to move into the thorax

50
Q

What does CXR show in Diaphragmatic hernia?

A

Air fluid levels

51
Q

Two types of Diaphragmatic hernia?

A

Midline: Morgagni
Bochdalek: Bilateral

Peds (6 decks)

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