Mt St Helens

Question 0

From _____ 1980 there were signs an eruption could be immanent.

Answer 0

March

Question 1

Mt St. Helens is a _________ volcano.

Answer 1

Composite

Question 2

There were small ___________, a bulge appeared on the north side of the mountain called a __________ and ash and _____ were released.

Answer 2

Earthquakes cryptodome steam.

Question 3

Good management meant that hazardous areas were _________.

Answer 3

Evacuated.

Question 4

When the earthquakes began in March the ______ _______ __________ ______ started a round the clock monitoring system.

Answer 4

United States geological survey.

Question 5

It included gathering seismic data measuring the rate of ______ growth ground temperature and sulphur dioxide emissions. ________ and seismic activity reports were issued _____.

Answer 5

Bulge volcanic daily.

Question 6

USGS scientists issued warnings to the people in the area and gave recommendations about locations of _________ zones.

Answer 6

Hazardous

Question 7

Based on these recommendations in March access to the volcano was __________ and the evacuation of around ____ people was started.

Answer 7

Restricted 2000

Question 8

Despite monitoring the volcano, scientists could not accurately predict the eruption. The day of the eruption there were no unusual changes that could be taken as _______ signs.

Answer 8

Warning

Question 9

A bulge on the _____ side of the volcano indicated that magma was moving up into the magma chamber.

Answer 9

North

Question 10

__________ were used to monitor the changing size and shape of the mountain which would suggest volcanic activity was about to happen.

Answer 10

Tiltmeters

Question 11

A tilt meter is an instrument designed to measure very small changes from the __________ level either underground or in structures.

Answer 11

Horizontal

Question 12

The authorities used ____ eruptions to identify danger zones and evacuated residents from these areas, however some refused to leave and some scientists also ______ to help study the volcano.

Answer 12

Past stayed.

Question 13

Emergency ___________ and _________ were on hand for when the eruption occurred.

Answer 13

Helicopters and airplanes

Question 14

The scientists were unable to accurately predict when Mt St Helens would erupt and so people were reluctant to leave their homes for a ____ period of time.

Answer 14

Long

Question 15

The experts did not predict that the eruption blast would be on the _____ side of the volcano.

Answer 15

North

Question 16

As a result, the _________ zones were set up in the wrong place and so 90% of the people that died were outside of the exclusion zone in what were thaught to be ____ areas

Answer 16

Exclusion safe

Question 17

Miami earthquakes began on the __ th _____.

Answer 17

20th March

Question 18

A bulge appears on the north side of the mountain. This bulge is called a __________.

Answer 18

Cryptodome

Question 19

___ and ______ were released

Answer 19

ash and steam

Question 20

On the __ th ___ ____ there was a large earthquakes of magnitude . on the Richter scale followed by a massive eruption of volcanic material including rocks ash hot gasses steam and lava

Answer 20

18th may 1980 5.1

Question 21

Pyroclastic flows ______ and floods were caused by the volcano.

Answer 21

Lahars - a type of mud flow or debris composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material rocky debris and water.

Question 22

Floods were caused due to material being dumped in rivers and lakes __________ water.

Answer 22

Displacing

Question 23

The eruption covered a ____km2 fan shaped area at the north of the volcano , the blast zone. The blast zone reached up to __km away from the volcano.

Answer 23

600 30

Question 24

Shortly after there was another eruption of ash and steam. About ___ million tonnes of ash were deposited over an area of __,___km2

Answer 24

540 57,000

Question 25

__ people were killed mostly by inhaling volcanic ash.

Answer 25

57

Question 26

___ homes destroyed

Answer 26

200

Question 27

__miles of railway destroyed.

Answer 27

15

Question 28

___ km of main roads destroyed.

Answer 28

300

Question 29

_ people died in a car going __ mph trying to outrun the ash.

Answer 29

2 70

Question 30

Many areas had _ -_inches thick of ash, and some areas even had _ inches.

Answer 30

2-3 6

Question 31

Ash clogged up some ___ _______ making it difficult to _____ as the ash altered the workings.

Answer 31

Car engines drive.

Question 32

Everyone used masks, bandannas, ______ _______ and ______ over their mouths to prevent them breathing in the volcanic ash.

Answer 32

Coffee filters socks

Question 33

__ bridges were destroyed

Answer 33

27

Question 34

Wildlife suffered - ____ big game animals such as dear! elk and bears and many thousands of birds and small mammals were killed.

Answer 34

7000

Question 35

The amount of ash was so great it could cover one squad mile of Manhattan to _ times the height of the Empire State Building.

Answer 35

3

Question 36

Sediment dumped in ______ lake rose the water level by over __ meters.

Answer 36

Spirit 60

Question 37

Every tree within __ km of the volcano was flattered.

Answer 37

30

Question 38

__ million young salmon were killed whether affected breeding patterns and the fish market.

Answer 38

12

Question 39

___meters was blown off the top of the mountain and a _ mile horseshoe radius that was ___ meters deep.

Answer 39

400 1 500

Question 40

__ bridges destroyed.

Answer 40

27

Question 41

The total cost of the damage was around . billion

Answer 41

1.1

Question 42

__% of the crops in the area were damaged or destroyed. Fruit trees were particularly badly afafcted.

Answer 42

12

Question 43

The second biggest cost was the clean up operation costing $___ million.

Answer 43

250

Question 44

Estimated short term losses in Washington state reached over $___ million half of which was made up from the loss of the forest.

Answer 44

800

Question 45

________ of people were made homeless.

Answer 45

Hundreds

Question 46

Unemployment rose _______ at first however this did return to normal once clean up operations began.

Answer 46

Tenfold

Question 47

__ logging trucks __ transport vehicles and __ railcars were damaged or destroyed along with . billion board feet of timber - people lost their jobs and livelihoods.

Answer 47

14 22 39 4.7

Question 48

People moved ____ from the neighbourhood.

Answer 48

Away.

Question 49

Resident left without some amenities for a while, for example water _________ and ______ removal for a while.

Answer 49

Treatment sewage