MT 2 Re-Retake. Flashcards
The bluetongue virus is vectored by midges/ gnats.
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Bluetongue occurs only in Africa + Australia.
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Goats are more resistant to the blurtongue than sheep.
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In Europe vaccination of small Ru against blutongue is mandatory.
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The Infectious Eq arterittis + the AHorseS may have similar CS.
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AHorseS is spread by ticks.
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Acute form of AHorseS occurs mainly in zebras + Horses.
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SC oedema is a frequent symptom of subacute AHorseS.
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Rotaviruses are shed in the faeces in high titres.
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Rotaviruses predispose to E.coli infection in suckling piglets.
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Orthoreoviruses can cause tenosynovitis in Sus.
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Mammalian orthoreoviruses can caise penumoenteritis only in suckling animals.
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The main vectors of the tick- borne encephalitis virus are sylvatic mammalian sp.
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The louping ill was introduced to Australia to control rabbit population.
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Cytopathic + non- cytopathic biotypes of the BoVDV are known.
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The BoVDV typically damages endothelial-, epithelial- + lymphatic tissues.
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Bo neonatal pancytopenia ( BNP) is caused by BoVDV vaccine.
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Persistently infected cattle can maintain BoVDV in a farm.
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Bloody diarrhea is a CS of the mucosal disease.
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The border disease virus frequently causes encephalitis in ewes.
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CSFV can be transmitted by raw pork products.
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CSF can cause transplacental infection.
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CSF infection results in thrombocytopenia.
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In acute CSF, at the beginning obstipation, later diarrhea can be observed.
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CSF infection during the 1st 1/2 of pregnancy can lead to abortion.
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During necropsy of acute CSF cases, haemorrhages can be seen in the gastric mucosa.
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In uncomplicated cases of subacute CSF the normal size spleen can be observed.
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Wild boars play the main role in the maintenance of CSFV in endemic areas.
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All bunyaviruses are vectored by ticks.
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Akabane virus is zoonotic.
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Hantaviruses cause haemorrhagic fever in human.
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Nairobi sheep disease leads to abortion in the infected pregnant animals.
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The serotypes of influenza viruses is determined by their HA + NA proteins.
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Influenzaviruses are sensitive to drying out.
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The virulency of avian influenza is determined by the IV pathogeny index + mortality.
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The LPAI causes immunosuppression.
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Antigenic shift means the reassortment of the influenza virus genome segments.
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In Sus all influenza variants can be detected.
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Influenza causes persistent infection in Eq.
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In human inactivated vaccines are used for the immunisation against influenza.
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The ASFV can be inactivated by 2% NaOH within 1 day.
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The immune system cannot neutralize ASFV by Ab.
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The ASFV infects the Sus by air.
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The ASFV replicates the bone marrow.
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Several virulence variants of ASFV exist.
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In acute ASF cases the leading pathological finding is the black + enlarged ln.
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Stamping out of the infected herds is applied in the control of ASF.
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ASFV is shed in the urine of the infected animals.
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The FMDV is very sensitive to acidic pH.
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The FMDV can retain it’s infectivity in frozen milk for mnths.
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FMDV is serologically uniform.
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Cattle shed FMDV for a shorter time comparing to Sus.
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Dogs are susceptible to FMD.
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The 1º replication site of FMD is the bone marrow.
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FMD can be carried for a long time in the hoof tissue.
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For lab tests FMD samples should be submitted frozen.
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Talfan disease occurs in any age groups.
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Haemorrhages are typical PM lesions of Talfan disease.
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Paralysis is a CS of Talfan disease.
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There is widespread vaccination in Europe for prevention of Talfan disease.
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There is germinative spread in the case of avian encephalomyelitis.
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Typical CS of avian encephalitis occur up to 5 -6 wks of age.
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Tremor is a typical CS of avian encephalomyelitis.
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Haemorrhages are frequent PM lesions of avian encephalomyelitis.
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Avian nephritis is more frequent in H2Ofowl than in chicken.
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Avian nephritis is caused by astrovirus.
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CS of avian nephritis can be seen in the 1st 4 wks of life.
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Ureate deposition is a PM lesion of avian nephritis.
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VES causes mortality in piglets.
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Fel calcivirus can cause persisting infecteion in the tonsils.
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RHDV propagates in the liver of the infected animals.
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The Orthohepevirus A can be zoonotic.
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Both serotypes of Bursitis virus are pathogenic.
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The bursitis virus mostly causes germinative infection.
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CS of Gumboro disease can be seen in chickens younger than 8 days.
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Bursitis virus infection can reduce the efficacy of vaccinations.
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Togaviruses cause airborne infection.
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Rodents serve as reservoirs for Venezuelan Eq encephalomyelitis virus.
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Eq encephalomyelitis viruses can cause lameness in Eq.
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Eq encephalomyelitis can cause abortion in human.
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Reoviruses are sensitive to lipid solvents + detergents.
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Orbiviruses are mainly arboviruses.
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Bluetongue virus infects also Eq + dogs.
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Bluetongue virus is also foetopathic.
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Vaccination against bluetongue results serotype specific immunity.
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Bluetongue outbreaks mainly occur in summer + autumn.
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AHorseSickness is zoonotic.
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Zebras are ø susceptible to AHorseSV.
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Eq encephalosis is endemic in Africa.
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Rotaviruses infect only mammals.
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Rotaviruses are typically transmittes via fecal- oral route.
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Avian orthoreoviruses can cause inapparent infection in poultry.
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The louping ill is seen in cattle in Great Britain + Scandinavia.
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Serological cross reactions frequently occur between related flaviviruses.
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The TIck- borne encephalitis virus can be transmitted via consumption of raw milk.
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Pestviruses are zoonotic.
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In utero infection with non- cythopathic BoVDV can cause immunotolerance.
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Mucosal disease can develop in cattle persistently infected with BoVDV.
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Bo neonatal pancytopenia ( BNP) is an immunopathy observed in immunotolerant, BoVDV infected calves.
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The border disease virus causes pneumonia in sheep.
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CSFV can retain it’s infectivity for 6 mnths in frozen meat.
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CSF causes oronasal infection.
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CSF infection results in immunosuppression.
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In acute CSF skin haemorrhages + bloody nasal discharge can be observed.
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CSF infection during 1st 1/2 of pregnancy results in the birth of immunotolerant piglets.
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During necropsy enlarged bloody ln can be seen in CSF cases.
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The boutons in the intestines are characteristic lesions in subacute CSF.
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In vaccinated herds we mostly see the CSF CS in 6- 12 wks old piglets.
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All bunyaviruses are vectored by insects.
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Akabance virus cause foetal damages in dogs.
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Hantaviruses cause renal failure in human.
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Nairobi sheep disease causes haemorrhagic enteritis in the infected animals.
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Influenza viruses are classififed into genera by their HA + NA proteins.
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The M2 protein of influenza viruses serves as an ion channel important in the decapsidation.
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The high virulence of some influenza A viruses is the result of mutations in the HA gene.
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The NA protein has a role in the influenza virus release from the infected cells.
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Antigenic drift means serials of pt mutations in the HA + NA genes.
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In birds all influenza variants can be detected.
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The mortality of Sus influenza is high.
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In poultry farms LPAI may be endemic without CS.
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The ASFV can be inactivated by irradiation.
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The ASF causes haemadsorption in cell cultures.
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The ASF infects Sus /os.
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The ASFV replicates in ly.
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In ASF cases abortion is never observed.
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In acute ASF cases the leading pathological finding are the haemorrhages.
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Vaccines are available to be used in the control of ASF.
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ASF is shed in the saliva of the infected animals.
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The FMDV is very sensitive to the environmental cond.
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The FMDV can retain it’s infectivity in dried milk for mnths.
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All serotypes of FMD can be detected worldwide.
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Sus shed FMDV for a shorter time comparing to cattle.
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Hedge is susceptibel to FMD.
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The 1º replication site of FMD is the tongeu mucosa.
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After immune response the FMD vesicles can recover fully.
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For lab tests FMD samples should be submitted in buffered transport medium.
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Talfan disease is a disease of Sus.
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The CS of Talfan disease are more severe than that of Teschen disease.
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Talfan disease can be seen in animals < 4 mnth of age.
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Flaccid paralysis is a typical CS of Talfan disease.
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Sus are infected with SVDV /os.
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SVDV can cause vesicles on the snout of Sus.
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Haemorrhages can be seen PM in the case of SVD.
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The mortality of SVD is very high, it can be 50- 60%.
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Duck hepatitis A virus is shed in faeces.
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The resistance of duck hepatitis A virus is high.
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Germinative infection can happen in the case of duck hepatitis.
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CS of duck hepatitis can be seen in all age grps.
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The 1º source of VES infection is sea- O feed.
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Fel calcivirus infection can cause the limping of kittens.
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RHD virus can be propagated in cell culture.
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The Orthohepevirus A causes clinical symptoms only in human.
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The bursitis virus is very sensitive to the environmental cond.
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The bursitis virus causes /os infection.
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CS of Gumboro disease can be seen in chickens > 8 wks.
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Bursitis virus infection results in immunosuppression.
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Togaviruses are transmitted by mosquitoes.
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Birds serve as reservoir for Venezuelan horse encephalomyelitis virus.
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Eq encephalomyelitis viruses can cause asymptomatic infections.
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Eq encephalomyelitis viruses are zoonotic.
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Orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis of Eq.
F.
Lameness + abortions are signs of bluetongue.
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Rodents are the main reservoirs of Bluetongue virus.
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Goats are ø susceptible to bluetongue virus.
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The natural reservoirs of AHorseSV are mainly zebras.
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Encephalitis is the most frequent sign of the AHorseS.
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Oedemas + haemorrhages are the most frequent lesions in AHorseS.
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Eq encephalomyelitis vaccines defence against AHorseS ( cross protection).
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Rotaviruses usually cause enteritis in young ( 1- 2 wks old) animals.
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Rotaviruses infect only mammalians.
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Eq usually develop lethal haemorrhagic enteritis in orthoreovirus infections.
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Infection of adult birds with orthoreoviruses usually remains subclinical.
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Louping ill is seen in cattle in N. America.
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Eq + humans do ø play a significant role in the transmission of WNV.
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The BoVDC can infect also Sus.
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Non- cytopathic strains of BoVDV can cause immunosuppresion.
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Non- cytopathic strains of BoVDV can’t cause transplacental infection.
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Sus infected with BoVDV turn sero+ve to CSF.
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Persistently infected cattle can maintain BoVDV in a farm.
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Hedgehogs are sensitive to CSF.
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CSFV targets the bone marrow stem cells.
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CSF can be transmitted by mating.
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Among CSF CS weekness of the hindlegs + ataxia can be observed.
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CSF infection in the 2nd 1/2 of the pregnancy leads to the birth of immunotolerant piglets.
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Haemorrhagic enteritis is a characteristis pathological lesion of CSF.
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In subacute CSF we can obserbe ischaemic infarcts at the edges of the spleen.
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The cSFV shedding starts 1 wk after the infection.
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Bunyaviruses cause oral infection.
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Schmallenberg virus causes foetal damages in human.
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Wild rabbits are reservoirs of Rift Valley fever virus.
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Nairobi sheep disease causes haemorrhagic enteritis in the infected animals.
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Influenza viruses have segmented genome.
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HPAI + LPAI strains differ in the number of basal AA in the HA protein.
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Anti- neuraminidase drugs inhibit the penetration of influenza viruses into the cells.
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The host range of influenza virus is determeined by the NA protein.
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Antigenic drift is behind the seasonal influenza epidemies.
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Bats have an important role in the epidemiology of influenza.
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Breeding mare should be vaccinated before the influenza season.
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Influenza causes high morbidity but low mortality in Sus.
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The ASFV is sensitive to the environmental cond.
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The ASFV agglutinates RBC of guinea pigs.
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The tick sp vectoring ASF are present in Portugal + Spain.
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The 1º replication site of ASFV is the oronasal mucosa.
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The ASFV is serologically uniform but several genotypes exist.
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The subacute ASF infection is caused by mild virulent virus strains.
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In acute ASF cases we can observe high mortality in sows.
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In the diagnostics of ASF animal experiment are frequently used.
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9 hrs after infection FMDV can be shed by the infected animals.
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In humid + cool environment, the FMDV can retain it’s infectivity for wks.
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The FMDV is classified into 7 genotypes.
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The main host ( reservoir) of FMDV is Sus.
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FMD is transmitted by insect vectors.
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Eq are susceptibel to FMD.
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There are ø neutralising Ab produced against FMDV.
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The 1º replication sites of fMD are the ln.
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Teschen disease occurs in cattle, sheep + Sus.
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Teschovirus is resistant, it remains infective in teh faeces for a few wks.
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Asymptomatic animals can carry TEschovirus.
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Paralysis is a CS of Teschen disease.
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Duck hepatitis A virus is shed in the faeces.
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Duck hepatitis A virus can be transmitted by the germinative way.
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CS caused by duck hepatitis A virus can be seen int he 1st mnth of life.
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Live + inactivated vaccines are available against duck hepatitis.
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Only chicken are susceptible to avain nephritis virus.
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The mortality of avain nephritis if 50 - 60 %.
F.
Avian nephritis virus replicates in the gut.
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BRoilers are regularly vaccianted against avian nephritis virus.
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The VESV can survive in H2O for 2 wks.
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The Fel calicivirus is shed in excretes.
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RHDV is used for biological control for rural rabbits.
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The avian hepatitis E causes drop in egg production.
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The bursitis virus can retain it’s infectivity for 1- 4 mnths in the litter.
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Bursitis virus is highly contagious.
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Bursitis virus targets the premature T ly.
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H2Ory diarrhea is a typical CS of Gumboro disease.
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Togaviruses are strongly resistant to the environmental cond.
F.
Birds serve as reservoirs for the EEE virus.
T.
Togavirus infection in Eq results in hepatitis.
F.
The clinical appearance of Togavirus infection is dose dependent.
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