Midterm 1 Flashcards
Direct infection happens when infected animals pass the infection with H2O.
F.
Germinative infection is common in mammals, it will result in malformation of fetuses.
F.
In case of 2º infection the agent complicates a 1º infection.
T.
Vertical infection does ø occur in mammals.
F.
Horizontal infection does ø occur in mammals.
F.
Germinative infection does ø occur in mammals.
T.
Galactogen infection does ø occur in mammals.
F.
Sp. specific resistance can be overcome by increasing the number of agents.
T.
Susceptibility of hosts is influenced by age.
T.
In case of 2º infection, a new pathogen infects an already cured animal.
F.
In case of 2º infection, 2 pathogens infect the host simultaneously.
F.
In case of 2º infection, 1 of the agents is always a virus.
F.
Germinative infection only occur in poultry.
F.
In germinative infection, the placenta is infected by the mother during pregnancy.
F.
Germinative infection is a rare form of horizontal infection.
F.
In germinative infection, the newborn is infected through the milk.
F.
In case of 2º infection, a bacterium infects an individual which is already infected with a pathogen.
T.
Facultative pathogens cause disease in case predisposing factors are present.
T.
Virulence is a stable characteristic in bacteria.
F.
Virulence of an agent can be characterized with LD50 value.
T.
The virulent factors help the agents in causing disease.
T.
Virulence of a bacterium/ virus can change.
T.
Sp. related resistance means that certain agents cannot cause infection in resistant host sp.
T.
Virulence variants can occur within a bacterium/virus sp.
T.
Pathogenic variants can occur within a bacterium/ virus sp.
T.
Stenoxen agents have a wide host range.
F.
Aerogen is a form of direct infection.
T.
Infection cannot happen through H2O due to deactivation.
F.
Lethality shows the ratio of dead animals + the total stock.
F.
Morbidity shows the proportion of diseased animals in a population.
T.
In case of an acute disease the incubation time is long.
F.
The clinical signs are more typical in the case of an acute than a chronic disease.
T.
In the case of inapparent infection only mild signs can be seen.
F.
In case of subclinical infection the animals can shed the agent.
T.
In case of tolerated infection the animals shed the agent.
T.
During a tolerated infection the animals are sero+ve.
F.
In case of inapparent infections ø clinical signs can be seen.
T.
Latent infection is common in the case of Gr+ve bacteria.
F.
There are only mild clinical signs in a latent infection.
F.
In case of abortive infections, abortion is an important clinical sign.
F.
In case of inapparent infection, sero+ve can be seen.
T.
Inapparent infections cannot be detected in lab examinations.
F.
In case of abortive infection, the animal always aborts.
F.
In latent infection, there is ø virus shedding.
T.
Tolerated infection can be demonstrated only by serology.
F.
Abortive infection can be demonstrated only by serology.
T.
Cyclozoonoses require an arthropod for transmission.
T.
In the case of a local infection the site of entry + lesions are at the same place.
T.
Tolerated infection can be diagnosed by detecting Ab.
F.
Incubation time is the time from showing CS to death.
F.
Endemic diseases occurs in a limited population.
T
Pathogenicity means the ability of the agent to cause disease.
T.
Virulence means the level of pathogenicity.
T.
In the case of optimal way of infection the least amt of agent can cause disease.
T.
In case of viral diseases ø Ab are given.
F.
Only diseased animals have to be treated with Ab to prevent resistance.
F.
Ab may be used only until the disappearance of clinicial signs.
F.
Using hyperimmune sera is usually ø justifiable.
T?
Aetiological treatment with Ab is done in case of bacterial diseases.
T.
There is ø antiviral therapy.
F.
Hyperimmune serum can be used for aetiological treatment.
T.
Antibacterial treatment is used in order to prevent 2º bacterial infections.
T.
1/2 of the Igs comes from the colostrum in calves.
F?
Immunocomplex cells are ø received via colostrum in calves.
F.
Intrauterine infection cause immuno tolerance.
T.
1 d old animals have ø immune response.
F.
Chicken embryos are able to produce an immune response.
T.
From 2nd trimester of pregnancy, the foetus produces an immune response against any Ag.
F.
There is ø immune response in foetus, only from 4 wk after birth.
F.
Colostrum of 10% of BW has to be provided for calves on the 1st d.
T.
Absorption of colostrum is finished 27hrs after birth in calves.
F?
Colostrum is ø important in protection of calves since the Ab can go through the placenta.
F.
Mycotoxins can be immunosuppressive.
T.
Marker vaccines, vaccinated + infected animals can be differentiated.
T.
Use of marker vaccines can be combined with “ test + remove” eradication.
T.
Marker vaccines are marked with dyes.
F.
Following DIVA, vaccinated + infected animals can be differentiated.
T.
Presence of maternal Ab can inhibit the efficacy of vaccinations.
T.
Subunit vaccine contains Ag of the agent only.
T.
Test + remove method of eradication cannot be combined with vaccination.
F?
Live vaccines are ø used nowadays because they are dangerous.
F.
’ All in/ all out’ is a general rules of prevention of infectious disease.
T.
The immune response produced by an attenuated vaccine is low.
F.
Some attenuated vaccine strains can be immunosuppressive.
T.
Attenuated vaccines induced a quick immune response.
T.
Generation shift is a method of eradication of a disease.
T.
In eradication by selective breeding, the sero+ve animals are eliminated.
T.
In eradication by selective breeding, only the animals shedding the bacteria are eliminated.
F.
In eradication by selective breeding, vaccination cannot be used.
T.
Eradication by selective breeding is ø used anymore.
F.
Selection is ø used to eradicate a disease anymore.
F.
In test + remove methods sero+ve animals are removed.
T?
In test + remove animals shedding the agent are removed.
F?
Intrauterine infection can occur in pregnant animals.
T.
Live vaccines always contain avirulent agents.
F.
Live vaccines can contain strains with lower virulence.
T.
In generation shift, the newborn is separated from the dam amd kept isolated.
T.
Feather + beak deformities may appear after circovirus infection of geese + pigeons.
T.
Beak + feather disease lesions are sometimes obvious only after molting. ( circovirus)
T.
The parrot sp. in the circovirus infections symptoms often occur after molting.
T.
Pigeon circovirus infections do ø occur in Hungary, the disease is prevented by vaccination.
F.
Circoviruses can infect pigeons.
T.
Vaccines are available for Pigeon Circovirus.
F.
Clinical signs of PBFDV ( Psittacine Beak + Feather Disease Virus) are only seen at time of moulting.
F.
Pigeon circoviruses are antigenically uniform.
F?
Pigeon circovirus frequently appear in diseases together with viruses + bacteria.
T.
Inactivated vaccines are used against pigeon circovirus infections.
F.
Circovirus infection can result in high mortality of chickens >3 wk of age.
F.
Infectious chicken anaemia is seeing clinically only in young chickens.
T?
Infectious chicken anaemia is a parvovirus infection which courses clinical signs in all age grps.
F.
ø vaccination is needed for infectious chicken anaemia as the clinical signs are mild.
F.
Atrophy of the thymus is a PM finding of chicken circovirus.
T.
Circovirus replicates in Bursa of Fabricius + thymus.
T.
Vaccination can protect hens + chickens against the chicken anaemia.
T.
Avian Circovirus infections cause high morbidity + low mortality.
T
CIA- virus is a gyrovirus.
T.
In CIA, most symptoms are observed in 1st mnth.
T.
CIA infection involves destruction of lymphoid + myeloid cells.
T.
CIA virus induces apoptosis of activated T cells.
T.
Pigeons can be infected by CIAV.
F.
CIA virus does ø replicate in thymus.
F.
CIA virus spread horizontally + vertically.
T.
CIA in day old chickens causes a long lasting immunosuppression.
T.
The circovirus has circular RNA in it’s genome.
F.
Infection of day old chickens with chicken anaemia virus leads to immune suppression.
T.
Chicken anaemia virus infection can cause death of chickens <3wk of age.
T.
Virus started with contaminated Marek’s vaccines.
T?
PCV2 infections are sporadic.
F.
Porcine circovirus 1 may cause embryonic disease.
F.
Porcine circovirus 1 is ø pathogenic.
T.
The presence of PCV2 in Sus decreases the efficiency of vaccines.
T.
Sus circovirus infection is the frequent infection with clinical signs after weaning.
T.
Porcine circoviruses can ø be responsible for reproductive disorders.
F.
Porcine circoviruses cause various diseases.
T.
Porcine circovirus can multiply in the myocardium of foetus.
T.
Reproductive disorders caused by porcine circoviruses are only significant in N. America,
F.
Circovirus cause skin lesions in Sus.
T.
Rare infection causing clinical signs only in piglets before weaning. ( Porcine circovirus)
F.
Prevention is with live attenuated vaccines. ( Porcine circovirus)
F.
General preventative rules + recently inactivated/ vector vaccination can be used. ( Porcine circovirus)
T.
Porcine circoviruses are genetically + antigenically uniform.
F.
Porcine circoviruses are present worldwide.
T.
Porcine circoviruses may cause inapparent/ subclinical infections.
T.
Porcine circovirus vaccines are available both for sows + for piglets.
T.
Porcine circovirus can be transmitted by mice +rats.
T.
We can detect PMWS virus from macrophages.
T.
PMWS virus replicates in heart m. + gall bladder.
F.
PMWS causes atrophy of ln.
F.
PMWS is caused by a circovirus.
T.
Typical pathological findings PMWS is enlarged mesenteric ln.
T.
PMWS appear after weaning.
T.
PMWS appears as chronic disease of nervous system.
F.
PDNS is a frequent infection with clinical signs after weaning.
T.
Vaccinations against PCV2 may increase the incidence of PDNS.
F?
PDNS is only caused by PCV-2.
F.
PDNS disease is an immunocomplex disease.
T.
PDNS has been widespread in Hungary since 1998.
T.
PDNS occurs 1ºly in the wks following the selection/ weaning.
T.
PDNS is caused by circoviruses.
F.
PRDC is caused by a porcine circovirus.
T.
Circovirus can be responsible for the porcine respiratory disease complex.
T.
Porcine parvovirus 1 is transmitted through the faecal- oral route.
T.
Parvovirus vaccine usually induce protection up to 6 mnths.
F.
Porcine parvovirus multiplies in lymphoid tissue of the throat.
T.
The Hoko Sus virus does ø occur in Hungary.
F.
Colostral immunity against Sus parvovirus lasts for mnths.
F.
Porcine parvovirus infection causes reproduction problems in Sus herds.
T.
Sus parvovirus is rare, mainly in backyard herds.
F.
Sus parvovirus is frequent, causing foetal damage only.
F.
Sus parvovirus cause foetal damage + resp signs in 1st pregnant gilts.
F.
Sus herds infected with parvovirus should be excluded from further breeding.
F.
They should be sent for slaughter. ( Sus Parvovirus)
F.
Postpone 1st mating + vaccinate them. ( PPV)
T.
ø vaccination is needed as clinical signs are mild. ( PPV)
F.
Spreads both horizontally + germinatively. (PPV)
F.
Prevention of PPV.
- General preventive rules + vaccination are used.
T.
Neurological disorders are frequent in porcine parvovirus infections.
F.
The 1º site of porcine parvovirus ( PPV-1) replication is in the small intestines.
T.
Porcine parvovirus ( PPV-1) infection of sero-ve pregnant animals can damage the foetus.
T.
Porcine parvoviruses are genetically uniform.
F.
PPV-1 induces diarrhea in suckling piglets.
F.
Porcine SMEDI( 1st pregnant gilts) can only be induced by parvoviruses.
F.
Porcine Hokoviruses are only present in China.
F.
Porcine parvovirus ( PPV-1) vaccinations start at/ after 6 mnths of age.
T.
Piglets of sows seroconverted by PPV-1 are maternally protected for 6 mnths.
T.
PPV-1 is endemic in most Sus herds.
T.
New variants of PPV1 may breakthrough the immune protection.
T.
Canine parvovirus 2 known serotypes.
T.
Parvovirus in dogs 8 wks of age cause high mortality.
T.
The canine parvovirus Ag is structurally uniform.
T?
Canine parvovirus spreads rapidly, causing enteritis + fetal damage in all age gps.
F.
Canine parvovirus affects mainly young animals with bloody enteritis.
T.
Canine parvovirus can cause heart m. degeneration + fetal damage.
T.
Clinical signs in canine parvoviral enteritis are mostly very mild + remain unoticed.
F.
In susceptible young dogs, parvovirus infection ( CPV-2) cause high mortality.
T.
Older dogs are usually sero+ve to CPV-2.
T.
Subtypes of canine parvovirus ( CPV-2) can cause panleukopenia in cats.
T.
Maternal Ab usually protects for 2- 3 wks against canine parvovirus disease.
F.
Older dogs are usually sero+ve for canine parvovirus.
T.
Canine parvoviral disease is similar to that causes by pantropic coronavirus.
T.
Canine parvoviruses form a single antigenic grp.
F.
Canine parvoviruses do ø infect cats.
F.
Canine parvoviruses can replicate in the myocardium of young pups.
T.
Canine parvovirus attacks lymphoid cells.
T.
Canine parvovirus infection of susceptible dogs results high mortality.
T.
Canine parvovirus is shed with the faeces.
T.
Leukopenia is characteristic for successful CPV-2 infections.
T.
Maternal immunity against fel panleucopenia usually lasts for >6 mnths.
F.
Cat panleukopenia myocarditis in young animals.
T.
Hungary, panleukopenia ø occur.
F.
A fel panleukopenia virus mainly in faeces.
T.
A fel panleukopenia general infection, fever symptoms.
T.
Fel panleukopenia occurs worldwide.
T.
Fel panleukopenia can also be caused by a canine parvovirus.
T.
Fel panleukopenia virus infection in dogs can cause acute diarrhoea.
F.
Fel panleukopenia viruses may infect dogs.
F.
Europe is free of fel panleukopenia.
F.
Fel panleukopenia infection can cause fever.
T.
Hyperimmune serum can be used for the treatment of fel panleukopenia.
T.
Vaccinations against fel panleukopenia usually start at/ after 2 mnths of age.
T.
Aleutian mink disease is characterised by type III hypersensitivity.
T.
Aleutian mink disease virus is responsible for 10% of Fel panleucopenia cases.
F.
The mink Aleutian disease in mink + -enteritis is caused by the same virus.
F.
The mink Aleutian disease does ø occur in our country.
F.
VN test can be used to detect the Aleutian disease.
F.
The agent of Aleutian disease causes enteritis in older minks.
F.
Vaccination against Aleutian Disease is achieved with inactivated vaccines.
F.
It is possible to vaccinate against Aleutian mink disease.
F.
Mink parvoviral enteritis is characterised by fever + high mortality.
T.
Live vaccines are used against Aleutian mink disease.
F.
Ferrets can also be infected by aleutian mink disease.
T.
Aleutian mink disease is usually acute.
F.
Aleutian mink disease can result in interstitial pneumonia in young animals.
T.
Aleutian mink disease is characterized by a type-1 hypersensitivity.
F.
Clinical symptoms of the disease Derzsy typically occurs within 3 wks of age.
T.
The Derzsy disease pathogen only infects geese.
F.
The Derzsy disease infects Elderly + young geese.
F.
The Derzsy disease virus passes into the egg.
T.
Derzsy’s disease ( goose parvovirus) spreads horizontally + via eggs.
T.
In Derzsy’s disease, 1º replication occurs in gut.
T.
Derszy’s disease can cause disease in both old and youngs.
F.
Symptoms of Derszy’s + hydropericardium- hepatitis syndrome are similar in geese.
F.
ø vaccination needed as clinical signs are mild. ( Derszy’s)
F.
Spreading via eggs do ø occur. ( Derszy’s)
F.
Derszy’s is rare ø causing clinical signs in all age grps.
F.
Clinical signs seen only in young geese up to 4-6 wks of age. ( Derszy’s)
T.
For the prevention of Derszy’s, general preventative rules are used.
T.
Vaccination is also necessary. ( Derszy’s)
T.
Infected geese flocks should be ruled out of further breeding. ( Derszy’s)
T.
Derzsy’s disease virus can cross into the egg.
T.
Derzsy’s disease may occur in both geese + Muscovy ducks.
T.
Derzsy’s disease virus causes enteritis in growing geese.
T.
Typical clinical signs of Dezsy’s disease are seen as a result of infection <5 wks of age.
T.
Infection >5 wks of age results in severe clinical signs of the Derzsy’s disease.
F.
Papilloma infections of the skin usually have a cauliflower appearance.
T.
Goose haemorrhagic enteritis + nephritis is frequent in ducks.
F.
Goose haemorrhagic enteritis + nephritis does ø occur in Hungary.
F.
The goose haemorrhagic kidney + intestine inflammation occurs worldwide but ø en masse.
T.
HNEG ( haemorrhagic nephritis + enteritis of geese) is common in France.
T.
(HNEGoose) Started in Hungary + spread with Derzsy’s disease hyperimmune serum.
T?
High mortality 2- 10 weeks. ( Haemorrhagic nephritis + enteritis of geese)
T.
Muscovy ducks are also susceptible but remain symptomless for yrs with high titers.( Haemorrhagic nephritis + enteritis of geese)
T.
Haemorrhagic enteritis + nephritis of geese virus replicates in the BV endothelium.
T.
Haemorrhagic enteritis + nephritis of geese is only prevalent in France.
F.
Haemorrhagic nephritis + enteritis of geese is caused by a herpesvirus.
F.
Haemorrhagic nephritis + enteritis is present worldwide.
T
Haemorrhaic nephritis + enteritis of geese may spread both horizontally + vertically.
T.
Goose haemorrhagic enteritis + nephritis causes death of goslings.
T.
Infertility + abortion are the most specific signs of Bo adenovirus infection.
F.
Bo adenovirus 10 can cause haemorrhagic enteritis in cattle.
T.
Insufficient colostrum uptake increases the severity of adenovirus- induced diseases in calves.
T.
Adenoviral infection can cause haemorrhagic, necrotizing colitis in suckling lambs.
T.
Canine adenovirus serotype 2 causes CNS disease in pups.
F.
Rubarth disease occurs in birds.
F.
Canine adenovirus 2 infects the upper respiratory tract.
T.
The Rubarth disease in dogs is ø associated with neurological cond.
F.
In the case of acute disease Rubarth disease cause death within 1-2 d.
F.
Dogs carry canine adenovirus serotype 1 usually in spleen.
F.
Both CAdV-2 + CAdV-1 serotypes can be used in vaccinate against Rubarth’s disease.
T.
Canine adenovirus infection is sporadic in Hungary.
T?
Causative agent of Rubarth’s disease is CAdV-2.
F.
Canine infectious hepatitis is caused by several adenovirus serotypes.
F.
It is characterized by hepatitis + abortion. ( Canine infectious hepatitis)
F.
Hepatitis + encephalitis are the main clinical signs. ( Canine infectious hepatitis)
T.
Vaccines usually contain CAdV-2 strain in live form.
T.
Dogs with Rubarth’s disease have a long term carrier status.
T.
CAdV-1 causes encephalitis in certain Car hosts.
T.
Dogs carry serotype 1 mostly in spleen. ( Canine infectious hepatitis)
F.
Rubarth’s disease is a disease of older cats.
F.
Rubarth’s disease is caused by CAdV-1.
T.
ø long term carrier stage is seen in canine adenovirus serotype 1 infection.
F.
Infectious canine hepatitis is usually seen in elderly dogs.
F.
There is serological cross protection between Canine adenovirus type 1 + 2.
T.
Canine adenovirus 1 infects only dogs.
F.
Dogs may develop transient bilat corneal opacity after canine adenovirus infection.
T.
The virus that causes chicken- splenomegaly + pheasants marble spleen illness also causes haemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys.
T.
During the turkeys haemorrhagic enteritis 4 weeks of age is the most serious.
T.
EDS only occurs in hens.
F.
The egg drop syndrome fever, general symptoms.
F.
Egg drop syndrome is a disease of chickens of all age grps.
F.
It is characteristic with mild diarrhoea + rough, hard eggshell. (EDS)
F.
Eggdrop syndrome infects duck + geese as well
T.
Eggdrop syndrome usually appears at the beginning of laying season.
F.
Mild diarrhea + thin shelled eggs are seen. (EDS)
T.
Inactivated vaccines are used for the prevention of egg drop syndrome.
T.
Egg drop syndrome is caused by an aviadenovirus.
F.
Egg drop syndrome virus can spread germinatively.
T.
Egg drop syndrome occurs in Hungary.
T.
Avian adenovirus spread both vertically + horizontally.
T.
Chicken adenoviruses are sp.-specific.
F.
Chicken adenovirus can cause embryonic death, bronchitis + inclusion body hepatitis.
T.
Chicken adenoviruses mainly cause encephalitis in young chicken.
F.
Their pathogenicity is very low, do ø cause disease. ( Chicken Adenoviruses)
F.
Adenovirus may cause hydropericardium syndrome in chicken + geese.
T.
The turkey hemorrhagic enteritis + marble spleen disease are caused by the same virus.
T.
The egg drop syndrome virus damages the oviduct of day old chicken.
T?
In young geese, respiratory disease may be caused by the EDS virus.
T.
Aviadenovirus infection of geese may cause lesions similar to Derzsy’s disease.
T.
Herpesvirus infections frequently result in latent virus carry and life- long virus carrier status.
T.
Herpesvirus are typically stenoxenic viruses, but there are significant exceptions.
T.
Herpesviruses are strong Ag: therefore single vaccinations provide life long protection.
F.
IBoR spreads slowly within a herd.
T.
IBoR causes animals older than 6 mnths upper respiratory symptoms.
T.
IBoR may cause diarrhea.
T.
IBoR older than 6 mnths young calves fever.
F.
IBoR is caused by BHV-2.
F.
IBoR does ø occur in Europe.
F.
Is there IBoR in Hungary?
T.
IBoR virus courses + arthritis in calves usually in age 1- 6 mnths.
F.
IBoR is rapidly spread within the herd.
F.
IBoR is ø longer present in Hungary.
F.
The respiratory form of IBoR is often followed by genital symptoms.
F.
We can see characteristic clinical signs of IBoR in day old calves.
F.
IBoR mainly cause encephalitis in cattles older than 6 mnths.
F.
IBoR mainly causes pneumonia in 1-6 mnths old calves.
T.
IBoR is rare, BHV-1 only affects cattle.
F.
IBoR is a frequent infection, cattle + it’s closest relatives are affected.
T.
IBoR can occur in several clinical forms.
T.
Infectious Bo vulvovaginitis virus strains cause abortions + foetal deformities.
F.
Genital form of IBoR is often followed by abortion.
F.
In the transmission IBoRV, the most important route is the germinative route.
F.
IBoRV has a wide range of serotypes including many variant strains.
T?
IBoR virus causes nephritis in calves, usually up to 1-6 mnths.
F.
Sero+ve cattle cannot be carriers of the infectious rhinotracheitis virus.
F.
Infectious Bo rhinotracheitis virus may spread via semen.
T.
IBoR cause serous nasal discharge.
T.
IBoR in 6 mnth old calves usually causes pneumonia.
T.
IBoR often cause genital lesions with vesicles.
T.
IBoR may cause inflammation of conjunctiva.
T.
IBoR cause purulent discharge.
T.
Ab against infectious Bo rhinotracheitis virus ( IBRV) might be detected in milk.
T.
In Hungary the gE -ve marker vaccine is to be used in the control of IBoR.
T.
Eradication of IBoR is mostly performed by selection method.
T.
Eradication of IBoR done by selection + vaccination.
T.
We are doing IBoR eradication programs in Hungary.
T.
Pregnant cows should be immunised with inactivated vaccine against IBoRV.
T.
Hungary will most likely be free from IBoR soon due to eradication programs.
T?
The most frequently used erradication strategy for IBoRV is selection with the help of marker vaccine.
T.
Against IBoR calves are vaccinated x2 from 3 mnths of age.
T.
Mainly heifers show clinical signs. (IBoR)
T.
Bo herpes mamillitis virus causes milkers nodules in humans, therefore it is zoonotic agent.
T.
We vaccinate calves x2 against MCF.
F.
Sus can be affected by MCF.
T.
MCF does ø occur in Europe.
F.
MCF can cause diarrhoea.
T.
MCF spreads slowly within a cattle herd.
F.
MCF occurs if we keep cattle + sheep together.
T.
MCF does ø occur in Hungary.
F.
MCF may also develop in Sus.
T.
MCF is caused by Bo herpesvirus 2.
F.
MCF is frequently seen in cats.
F.
Aujeszky’s disease can occur in Sus + cats.
T.
Aujeszky’s disease in Sus causes viraemia.
T.
Aujeszky’s disease can cause respiratory signs in adult Sus.
T.
Aujeszky’s disease in cats spreads along the n.
T.
Aujeszky’s disease causes fever in day old piglets.
T.
Aujeszky’s disease causes pneumonia in susceptible piglets.
F.
Aujeszky’s disease does ø cause clinical signs in susceptible piglets.
F.
Aujeszky’s disease causes pruritus in susceptible piglets.
F.
20- 30% mortality in susceptible piglets. ( Aujeszky’s)
F.
Aujeszky’s disease only infects Sus.
F.
Older Sus are more frequently affected by Aujeszky’s. ( encephalitis)
F.
In Sus, the most serious clinical signs of Aujeszky’s disease are usually seen in piglets.
T.
Rats ( rodents) are reservoir hosts of the Aujeszky’s disease virus.
F.
Car are the reservoir host of Aujeszky’s disease virus.
F.
CNS signs rarely seen in adult Sus with Aujeszky’s disease.
T.
Convalescent Sus are life long carriers + potential shedders of Aujeszky’s virus.
T.
Large- scale eradication programs are currently in progress against Aujeszky’s disease in Hungary.
T.
Dogs should be vaccinated against Aujeszky’s disease virus.
F.
Sus are immunized against Aujeszky’s virus usually with gE -ve marker vaccines.
T.
Vaccination against Aujeszky widely used.
F.
Boars should be vaccinated against inclusion body rhinitis every 6 mnth.
F.
EHV-4 causes mainly respiratory symptoms in Eq.
T.
EHV-4 mainly proliferate on respiratory mucosa.
T.
Equid herpesvirus 1 may cause abortion storms in studs.
T.
EHV-4 1ºly causes abortion in Eq.
F.
EHV-1 contains cross-reactive proteins against disease caused by EHV-4.
T.
EHV-1 1ºly causes respiratory symptoms in Eq.
T.
Vaccine containing EHV-1 also provides protection against EHV-4.
F.
1 vaccination is enough to prevent EHV-1 infection.
F.
EHV-1 1ºly causes abortion.
T.
After EHV-1 infection, pregnant mares abort in acute febrile stage.
F.
Eq should be vaccinated against Eq herpesvirus-1 every 6 mnths.
F.
EHV-2 in Eq does ø cause symptoms in adult animals.
T.
Does EHV-3 cause abortion storms?
F.
Abortion is a frequent complication of coital exanthema in mares. (Eq herpes virus)
F.
Eq herpesvirus 5 may play a role in Eq multinodular pulmonary fibrosis syndrome.
T.
It is enough to vaccinate mares x2 against EHV-2.
F.
In Eq infected with EHV-2, the symptoms are often unnoticed.
T.
Eq coital exanthema can cause abortion storms in studs. (Eq herpes virus)
F.
Herpesvirus infection of dogs is most severe in 3 - 6 mnths old puppies.
F.
Herpesvirus infection of adult dogs may result in reproductive disorders.
T.
In dogs causes fatal hemorrhagic colitis during the CHV-1 infection in 2- 3 wks.
T.
Canine herpesvirus infection frequently presents with cold- like symptoms.
T.
Herpesvirus is frequently present in kennel cough complex.
T.
Decreased body temp has a -ve effect on canine herpesvirus infection.
T.
Canine herpesvirus infection may remain latent for yrs in infected animals.
T.
Large dog kennels are usually sero+ve for canine herpesvirus.
T.
Canine herpesvirus infection can be deadly < 2-3 wks of age.
T.
In utero infection with canine herpesvirus may result in abortion.
T.
Canine herpesvirus-1 may contribute to the signs of the kennel cough syndrome.
T.
Clinical signs of Fel infectious rhinotracheitis are similar to those of calicivirus infection.
T.
Fever, general symptoms occurs in Fel infectious rhinotracheitis.
T.
Fel infectious rhinotracheitis can be treated with specific hyperimmune sera.
T.
Ulcerations of oral mucosa are frequent signs of Fel rhinotracheitis.
F.
Sneezing is typical clinical sign of fel infectious rhinotracheitis.
T.
Fel infectious rhinotracheitis often results high mortality in susceptible young kittens.
T.
Abortion is rare in pregnant queens infected with FEHV-1 ( rhinotracheitis).
F.
Fel infectious rhinotracheitis virus is transmitted mainly through the air.
F.
Fel infectious rhinotracheitis can be treated with specific hyperimmune serum.
T.
Mucous is a frequent sign of fel infectious rhinotracheitis.
T.
Fel herpesvirus-1 is moderately contagious therefore it spreads slowly in the cat population.
F.
ILT causes changes in the larynx + upper airways.
T.
The chickens infected laryngeal + tracheal inflammation usually occurs within 6 wks of age.
F.
Infectious laryngotracheitis occurs only in Hens.
F.
Chicken infectious laryngotracheitis changes in the kidneys.
F?
Conjunctivits is a frequent sign of infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens.
T.
ILT usually occurs clinically <6 wks of age.
F.
ILT virus invades the kidneys after viraemia.
F.
ILT of poultry spreads germinatively.
F.
ILT also occur in Hungary.
T.
ILT causes eggshell deformation.
F.
ILT occurs mainly in day old chickens.
F.
Diarrhea is frequent in infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens.
F.
Infectious laryngotracheitis virus strains may differ in virulence.
T.
Infectious laryngotracheitis virus replicates in the upper respiratory tract.
T.
Infectious laryngotracheitis virus is present worldwide.
T.
Infectious laryngotracheitis frequently damages the oviduct of hen.
F.
Infectious laryngotracheitis can be deadly in chickens.
T.
Mortality of infectious laryngotracheitis can go up to 50%.
T.
The duck plague is a Newcastle duck adapted version.
F.
Clinical signs in young ducks are only seen in birds up to 4 wks of age. ( duck plague)
F.
Duck plague is usually mild, osmotic diarrhea.
F.
Vaccines containing a live attenuated strain can be used for prevention. ( duck plague)
T.
Vaccination is ø needed as clinical signs are mild. ( duck plague)
F.
Duck plague virus can ‘ settles’ in wild ducks.
T.
Duck plague is an outbreak of avian influenza in ducks, with a host- adapted version of virus.
F.
Duck plague only causes hepatitis in young ducks.
F.
The duck plague causes hepatitis in old ducks.
F.
Ducks plague only causes disease in ducks + geese.
F.
Duck plague virus causes high mortality in both old + young birds.
F.
Duck plague also affects geese.
T.
Disease of young ducks only. ( duck plague)
F.
It can affect all age grps. ( duck p;ague)
T.
Depression, respiratory signs + bloody diarrhea are main signs. ( duck plague)
T.
In most cases the disease remain symptomless. ( duck plague)
F.
Duck plague virus damages BV endothelium.
T.
Duck plague virus may be shed by convalescent animals for the remainder of their lives.
T.
Duck plague infects only domestic + wild ducks.
F.
Beak deformity is a typical sign of duck plague.
F.
Duck plague is more severe in wild birds than domestic ducks.
F.
Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of duck plague.
T.
Mainly young pigeons. ( pigeon herpesvirus)
T.
Causes conjunctivitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis + diarrhea in acute stage. ( pigeon herpesvirus)
T.
A pigeon herpes infection 1ºly occurs 2- 6 mnths of age, clinical symptoms.
T.
Pigeon herpesvirus causes feather development problem.
F.
Can be combined with circovirus + adenovirus. ( pigeon herpesvirus)
F.
Is related to Marek’s disease. ( pigeon herpesvirus)
T.
Pigeon herpesvirus infections usually results in a deadly, haemorrhagic disease.
F.
Diarrhea + nasal discharge are common in pigeon herpesvirus infections.
T.
Marek’s disease only occurs in domestic fowl.
T?
Marek’s disease spreads 1ºly via aerogen.
T.
Marek’s disease virus is shed mainly via faeces.
F.
Free marek virus are shed from feather follicles.
T.
The acute form of marek disease is characterised by lymphoid cell proliferation.
T.
Marek’s disease in the tropics is rare.
F.
The chronic form of marek’s disease is characterised by neurological disorders.
T.
MD severity depends on time of infection (age).
T.
Neurological form of MD is frequent.
F.
MD is usually seen in chicks <2 wks.
T.
Marek disease in blood multiplies in endothelial cells.
F.
Marek disease is a ß herpes virus.
F.
MDV spread 1ºly germinatively.
F.
Marek’s disease 1ºly targets day old chickens.
F.
The neoplastic form of Marek disease is caused by high virulence strains.
T.
Vaccination is used for the prevention of Marek’s disease.
T.
The neoplastic form of Marek’s is caused by low virulence strains.
F.
Can differentiate MD from reticuloendotheliosis only by lab diagnostics methods.
T.
Prevention: ø measures needed as disease remains mostly symptomless. (MD)
F.
Preventative measures + vaccination of day old chickens must be used for the prevention of MDV.
T.
Live attenuated strains are used for vaccination. (MD)
T.
ø vaccination is needed against Marek’s disease.
F.
N. America is free of Marek’s disease.
F.
Turkey herpesvirus can be used for vaccination against Marek’s disease.
T.
Both serotypes of the Marek’s disease virus cause disease in geese.
F.
The neurological form of Marek’s disease has an en-masse appearance.
F.
The highly virulent strains of Marek’s disease may cause tumours in turkeys.
T.
The incubation time of Marek’s disease is 1-2 days.
F.
The neurological form of Marek’s disease leads to significant liver degeneration.
F.
Marek’s disease viruses are uniform in virulence.
F.
Highly virulent Marek’s disease viruses may break through vaccine induced protection.
T.
The acute form of Marek’s disease is characterised by tumour development.
T.
Birds with transient paralysis caused by Marek’s disease usually make a full recovery.
F.
Cause high mortality in all ages. (MD)
F.
Cowpox virus is most frequently present in rodents.
T.
Cowpox virus may cause a generalised infection in elephants.
T.
All pox virus induce long lasting immunity?
F.
Pseudocowpox virus only infects cloven hooved animals.
F.
Bo papular stomatitis is caused by a parapoxvirus.
T.
Vaccinia virus is sp- specific.(cowPox virus)
F.
Inactivated vaccines are used against contagious pustular dermatitis (Orf).
F.
Orf is a rare disease of sheep flocks + cattle herds.
F.
Orf affects sheep flocks + goat herds, mainly young lambs + kids.
T.
Affected flocks should be brought under quarantine + vaccinated with live attenuated strains. (Orf)
T?
Orf is a zoonotic infection
T.
Neonatal lambs are susceptible, as they have ø maternal immunity. (Orf)
T.
Lesions typically appear on the muco-cutaneous junction. (Orf)
T.
Vaccines induce lifelong immunity against contagious pustular dermatitis.
F.
Strong crustation is frequent in contagious pustular dermatitis.
T.
Sheep pox virus infects mostly through inhalation.
T.
Sheep + goat pox are transmitted by infected animals + fomites.
T.
Sheep pox results high mortality in young susceptible lambs.
F.
Sheep pox is a generalized disease with fever.
T.
Vaccines are available against sheep pox in endemic areas.
T.
Free of goatpox in Hungary.
T.
Goats + sheep pox the same virus that causes smallpox.
F.
Lumpy skin disease results high mortality.
F.
Lumpy skin disease is caused by parapox virus.
F.
Generalisation is frequent in lumpy skin disease virus infection.
T.
Parapox infections induce a long- lasting immunity.
F.
Sheep + goat pox are endemic in Africa.
T.
Sheep + goat pox are endemic in Europe.
F.
Lumpy skin disease virus is mostly transmitted by insects. ( arthropods)
T.
Gives lifelong immunity. ( Lumpy skin disease)
T.
Affects only sus + grows only on porcine tissue. ( Lumpy skin disease)
T.
Might cause death in newborns. ( Lumpy skin disease)
T.
Sus pox is frequently generalized in adult Sus.
F.
Suspox infection is usually subclinical.
T?
Myxomatosis has a seasonal character.
T.
Myxomatosis only occurs in Australia.
F.
Only domestic rabbits are susceptible. ( Myxomatosis)
F.
Typical form presents with gelatinous swellings, “ lion head” & cold-like symptoms. ( Myxomatosis)
T.
The nodular form of myxomatosis is caused by streams of lower virulence.
T.
The myxomatosis only extends by ticks.
F.
Myxomatosis is spread with mosquitoes.
T.
In domestic rabbits only myxomatosis causes pox like disease.
T?
Myxomatosis virus strains are serologically uniform.
F.
In Hungary attenuated vaccines replaced living virus vaccines. ( Myxomatosis)
T?
There are ø vaccines available against myxomatosis.
F.
Myxomatosis virus crowded out of the wild- attenuated virus in Europe.
F.
Conjunctival/ respiratory form are typical. ( Myxomatosis)
T.
Causes benign localised skin lesion in cotton tail rabbits. ( Myxomatosis)
T.
ø viraemia in cotton tail rabbits. ( Myxomatosis)
T.
2 myxomatosis serotypes are known.
T.
Several levels of virulence can be seen in myxomatosis strains in Europe.
T.
Myxomatosis virus spread from China to rest of the world.
F.
Myxomatosis may result on over 90% mortality in susceptible animals.
T.
Myxomatosis is immunosuppressive.
F?
Avian pox viruses are frequently transmitted by insects.
T.
Fowlpox viruses cause generalized diseases in seals.
F.
The cutaneous ( mucosal) form of fowl pox is benign.
T.
Heterologous viruses of avian pox frequently cause generalization.
F.
Avian pox viruses are sp. specific.
F.
Humans can be infected Sus pox.
F.
Human can be infected by cowpox.
T.
Human can be infected by pseudocowpox.
T.
Human can be infected by vaccinia.
T.
Human can be infected by monky pox.
T.
Human can be infected by parapoxviruses.
T.
Human can be infected with Orf.
T.
Human can be infected myxomatosis.
F.
Drinking H2O ø transmit infective agents since it is hypoosmotic.
F.
In case of iatrogenic infections, the infective agents are transmitted by Veterinarian.
T.
Intrauterine infection does ø occur since the placenta protects the fetus.
F.
An euryxen agent can infect several host sp.
T.
When the clinical signs disappear, shedding the agent is finished.
F.
In the case of an abortive infection, ø clinical signs will be seen.
T.
Certain diseases can be eradicated with generation shift.
T.
Only inactivated vaccines are available against infectious Canine hepatitis infections.
F.
Porcine circoviruses cause severe haemorrhagic diseases in Sus.
T.
Herpesvirus infections frequently result in latent virus.
T.
Goats are the reservoir hosts of the MCF virus.
F.
Pregnant mares abort usually several wks after Eq herpesvirus 1 infection.
T.
Eq herpesvirus 2 may cause keratoconjunctivitis in foals.
T.
Fel infectious Rhinotracheitis is characterized by inflammation of upper respiratory tract.
T.
Crowded area, poor general cond + stress contribute significantly to the development of Fel infectious Rhinotracheitis.
T.
Prolonged contact is usually needed for successful transmission of Fel Infectious Rhinotracheitis.
F.
Infectious laryngotracheitis virus replicates in the liver of cats.
F.
Duck plague is only seen in d-old ducklings.
F.
MD virus survives for long in the environment.
T.
MD is caused by Turkey herpesvirus.
F.
Transient Marek paralysis may lead to visceral form.
T.
Contagious Pustular dermatitis is often deadly at any age.
F.
In the case of aerogenic infection, the agents are transmitted with air.
T.
Some infective agents can cause malformation of fetuses.
T.
Cellular immune response is very important in the case of viral diseases.
T.
Pandemic diseases are spreading fast around the Earth.
T.
Selection ( test + slaughter) is a method of eradication of a disease.
T.
Canine adenovirus infects only dogs.
F.
MCF is usually lethal in cattle.
T.
Galactogen infection cannot happen when the animals receive colostrum, since the Ab in the colostrum orevent it.
F.
In the case of horizontal infection animals in the same grp infect each other.
T.
Intra uterine infection can occur in pregnant animals.
T.
The amt of the agent does ø influence the outcome of the infection, since it can replicate in the host.
F.
The virulence of the agents is connected to virulence factors.
T.
Live vaccines do ø provide good immunity.
F.
Embryo transfer cannot be used for eradication, since the embryo can be infected.
F.
Adenoviruses usually cause CN diseases with high lethality.
F.
Only attenuated vaccines can be applied for immunization against adenoviruses.
F.
Urinary bladder wall oedema is a typical lesion in Canine adenovirus infection.
F.
Marble Spleen Disease virus causes lymphatic tumors in geese.
F.
Pregnant cows can be immunized against IBRV only with attenuated vaccines.
F.
Rodents are the reservoir hosts of MCFV.
F.
Sus IBR is usually seen in piglets.
T.
Only pregnant mares should be immunized against EHV-1 infection.
F.
EHV-2 may cause respiratory disease in foals.
T.
Canid herpesvirus 1 may cause generalized infection + severe disease in young puppies.
T.
Inactivated vaccines are available for immunization against Canid herpesvirus 1.
T.
Fel Infectious Rhinotracheitis occurs in Summer because Felid herpesvirus 1 is transmitted by mosquitoes.
F.
Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of Fel Infectious Rhinotracheitis.
T.
Tracheal lesions of ILT may be similar to those of fowl pox.
T.
Liver dystrophy is a frequent lesion in Duck plague.
T.
MDV may survive in the environment for several mnths.
T.
MD is most frequently seen in geese + duck.
F.
Free virions of MDV are formed in the feather follicle epithelial cells.
T.
Humoral immunity plays the central role in the host’s defense against MDV.
F.
Circovirus infections are immune suppressive.
T.
Bocaviruses may cause mild respiratory/ enteric diseases in newborn animals.
T.
Poxviruses never cause viraemia + generalised infection.
F.
Poxviruses can cause cytoplasmic inclusion bodies.
T.
Poxviruses are strong Ag- except Orthopox viruses.
F.
Poxviruses are strong Ag- except Parapox viruses.
T.
Bo papular Stomatitis virus causes vesicles in the oral cavity + hoofs of cattle.
F.
Virulent virus vaccines may be used for immunization against Contagious Pustular Dermatitis of Sheep (Orf).
T.
Germinative infection can happen in birds.
T.
Subacute dieseases last 1/ 2 days.
F.
Pandemic disease occurs in large areas, continents.
T.
Isolation of age grps is an important way of prevention of infectious diseases.
T.
Maternal protection occurs only in mammals.
F.
Colostrum is the main way of maternal protection in case of animals with epitheliochoral placenta.
T
Circovirus can easily be cultured in different homologous cell lines.
F.
Sus circovirus causes lesions in multiple organs + strong immunosuppression.
T.
For prevention of Sus circovirus disease only general hygienic measures can be used.
F.
Sus circovirus can cause retarded growth + strong immunosuppression.
T.
CIA virus can cause clinical signs only in layer hens.
F.
Resistance of circovirus is very low, in the environment they are inactivated within a day.
F.
Aleutian disease is a parvovirus caused immunocomplex disease of minks.
T.
Aleutian mink disease occurs only in US.
F.
The incubation period of Cat panleukopenia is short, usually 3 - 5 days.
T.
Papilloma viruses usually cause local infections in epithelial cells.
T.
For prevention of parvovirus mink enteritis live attenuated vaccines are available.
T.
Cat panleukopenia virus can cause abortion in pregnant cats.
T.
Goose polyomavirus causes haemorrhagic nephritis + enteritis in all age gps.
F.
Adenoviruses are resistant to detergents.
T.
Ocular lesions can develop in the extended + chronic stages of canine viral hepatitis.
T.
Adenovirus can cause pneumoenteritis in calves + lambs.
T.
Poor keeping cond + colostral immunity significantly influence the severity of adenovirus- associated diseases in cattle.
T.
Anemia + increased mortality are signs of chicken inclusion body hepatitis.
T.
The pathologic lesions of EDS virus + polyoma virus infection in goose are the same.
F.
Conjunctivitis + blepharitis are signs of infectious Bo rhinotracheitis virus.
T.
Aujeszky’s disease virus infection in adult Sus is frequently subclinical.
T.
Bloody nasal discharge can be a sign of Sus IBR
T.
Fever + serous nasal discharge are early signs of Eq Viral Rhinopeumonitis.
T.
Ducks are the most susceptible in ILaryngotracheitis Virus.
F.
Pigeon herpesvirus mainly causes encephalitis in adult pigeons.
F.
The neurological form of Marek’s disease is seen only in d-old chicks.
F.
Serological cross- reactions exist between certain poxvirus sp.
T.
In cattle, Cowpox lesions are usually seen on teats.
T.
In cattle, Pseudocowpox lesions are usually seen on the teats.
T.
Calves should be vaccinated against Bo papular stomatitis.
F.
Contagious pustular dermatitis virus may survive in the environment for ages.
T.
Vaccination against contagious pustular dermatitis virus provides lifelong protection.
F.
Sheep pox virus can cause respiratory signs + abortion.
T.
Ru are susceptoble to lumpy skin disease virus.
T.
Arthropods play an important role in the transmission of sheep pox virus.
F.
Arthropods play an important role in the transmission of myxoma virus.
T.
Arthropods play an important role in the transmission of fowl pox virus.
T.
SC swellings are typical signs of myxomatosis.
T.
Virulent strains of myxoma virus are only present in Australia.
F.
The diphteric ( wet) form of fowl pox develops after viraemia + generalized infection.
T.
Attenuated vaccines are available against fowl pox.
T.
In case of direct infections, tissues of infected ( which contain the agent) + the susceptible animals are in contact.
T.
Arthropods can be involved in indirect infections.
T.
Fetuses cannot be infected since the placenta completely isolates them.
F.
If the dam infects newborn animals, we speak about horizontal infection.
F.
Certain animal sp. are resistant against certain agents.
T.
Fetuses have ø immune reaction.
F.
There is ø local immune reaction in newborn animals.
F.
The incubation time is the time between infection + appearance of clinical signs.
T.
The animals do ø carry the agent after recovery from an infectious disease because the immune system eliminates it.
F.
Tolerated infections result in high level of immune reaction.
F.
There is ø maternal immunity in birds.
F.
The immunoglobin content of the colostrum is ø changing in the 1st week of life.
F.
The colostrum contains maternal ly.
T.
The resistance of Circoviruses is high, they remain infectious in the environment for several mnths.
T.
Infectious chicken anemia virus causes clinical signs in chicken 1- 4 wks of age.
T.
Avian circoviruses do ø cause clinical signs in domestic birds.
F.
Sus circovirus causes only respiratory signs.
F.
For prevention of CIA, live attenuated vaccine is available.
T.
Sus circovirus may be shed in excretions for several mnths after recovery.
T.
Parvoviruses can be cultures in homologous, young dividng cell cultures.
T.
For prevention of Sus parvovirus fetal damages, only general preventive measures can be..
F.
Papilomaviruses usually cause benign prolifertions in epithelial cells.
T.
Sus parvovirus can cause fetal damages only if the infection takes place during the pregnancy.
T.
To cat panleukopenia virus only cats are susceptible.
F.
For prevention of dog parvovirus enteritis, live attenuated virus vaccines are used.
T.
The resistance of parvovirus is high, in the environment they remain infectious for several mnths.
T.
Sus parvovirus occurs worldwide, most herds are sero+ve.
T.
Papilloma viruses, with some exceptions are sp specific.
T.
Mink parvovirus enteritis appears as bloody diarrhoea.
T.
For prevention of goose parvovirus disease, both live attenuated + inactivated vaccines are used.
T.
Adenoviruses infect only mammalian hosts.
F.
Dogs carry canine adenovirus in the kidneys for several mnths.
T.
Canine adenovirus 2 can cause upper respiratory tract inflemmation.
T.
Adenovirus may cause urolithiasis in sheep.
T.
Avian adenovirus + goose parvovirus may cause similar pathological lesions in goslings.
T.
The turkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus cam cause marble spleen disease in pheasants.
T.
Herpesvirus are resistant to detergents.
F.
IBoR virus frequently causes encephalitis in old sows + bulls.
F.
The use of marker vaccines can improve the success of eradication from IBoR virus.
T.
MCF develops only in suckling up to 2 wks of age.
F.
The Aujeszky’s disease is a zoonosis.
F.
The signs of Aujeszky’s disease in dogs are similar to rabies.
T.
Sus infected with wild type Aujeszky’s disease virus can be differentiatted from vaccinated ones by serological tests ( i.e. ELISA).
T.
Clinical manifestation of Sus IBR is usually seen in piglets <3 wks of age.
T.
Eq Rhinopenumonitis virus is present only in N. America.
F.
Eq Rhinopneumonitis virus can cause abortion several wks after acute infection.
T.
Eq should be vaccinated against Eq Rhinopneumonitis virus at least every 6 mnths.
T.
Eq Herpesvirus 3 can cause lesions on genital mucosa without abortion.
T.
Hypothermia + weak immune response facilitate the severity of canine herpesvirus infection of puppies.
T.
Pregnant bitches can be immunized against canine herpesvirus with inactivated vaccine.
T.
Fel herpesvirus does ø cause viraemia + abortion.
F.
Only sporadic clinical cases of duck viral enteritis are seen in an affected flock.
F.
The MD virus can stay infectious in the environment for several mnths.
T.
The pathological lesions of acute MD + reticuloendotheliosis can be similar.
T.
Poxviruses usually propagate in epithelial cells of the skin + mucosal surface.
T.
Skin nodules + ulcers can be signs of cowpox in cats.
T.
Cowpox virus frequently causes abortions + encephalitis of calves.
F.
Generalized lumpy skin disease may cause abortion.
T.
Attenuated vaccines are available against lumpy skin disease.
T.
Sus pox is usually a benign disease, but mortality may occur in piglets.
T.
The European brown hare is ø susceptible to the Myxoma virus.
F.
Respiratory signs can be seen in atypical forms of Myxomatosis.
T.
Signs of cutaneous fowl pox are usually seen on the head ( comb, eyelids) of chicken.
T.
Pathological lesions of mucosal fowl pox can be similar to infectious Laryngotracheitis.
T.
Overcrowding can help the spreading of several infectious diseases.
T.
Deserts can inhibit the spreading of several infectious diseases.
T.
Pandemic disease have ø tendency to spread.
F.
Epidemic disease are spreading in a larger geographical area e.g in several countries.
T.
If an animal is infected lab tests always detect the agent.
F.
The phase of the pathogenicity can influence the sensitivity of lab tests.
T.
Using serological tests, we detect the Ab produced against the agent.
T.
Using virus neutralization test we detect the Ab produced against agent.
T.
The protein content of the colostrum remains high for 1st 2 wks after giving birth.
F.
The Ig content of the colostrum remains high for the 1st wk after giving birth.
F.
The enteral absorption of immune globins is decreasing after birth.
T.
Maternal Ab can decrease the efficacy of vaccination.
T.
Marker vaccines are used to mark the site of vaccination.
F.
It is ø allowed to use inactivated deletion vaccines in the EU.
F.
Live vaccines contain attenuated/ avirulent agents.
T.
The agent in a vaccine can influence the level of the immune response of vaccianted animals.
T.
Resistance of circoviruses is very low, they are inactivated in the environment within days.
F.
In ducks + geese avian circoviruses can cause retarded growth + immunosuppression.
T.
For prevention of porcine circovirus disease vaccines are available.
T.
Avian circoviruses can spread via breeder eggs.
T.
For prevention of CIA live attenuated vaccines are available.
T.
The incubation period of porcine circovirus caused disease is about 2- 4 wks.
T.
Papilloma viruses apart from few exceptions are sp specific.
T.
Vaccines are used to prevent mink Aleutian disease.
F.
Derzsy’s disease appears clinically most frequently in geese aged from 1 - 4 wks.
T.
Porcine parvovirus can cause neurological signs in sows.
F.
Porcine parvovirus canc ause fetal damages mostly in 1st pregnant gilts.
T.
Aleutian mink disease is due to formation of immunocomplexes.
T.
Goose polyomavirus can cause hemorrhagic nephritis + enteritis.
T.
Adenoviruses usually cause ventral nervous disease with high lethality.
F.
Only attenuated vaccines can be applied for immunization against adenoviruses.
F.
The EDS virus causes hepatitis + hydropericardium in young geese.
F.
Herpesvirus usually causes latent infection + life- long virus carriers.
T.
Pregnant cows should be immunized against IBRV only with inactivated vaccine.
T.
Sus are the reservoir host of MCF virus.
F.
Rodents are the natural hosts of Aujeszky’s disease virus.
F.
In adult Sus, the most frequent manifestation of Aujeszky’s disease is encephalitis.
F.
Dogs should be vaccinated agaisnt Aujeszky’s disease virus yearly.
F.
Sus IBR is usually seen in piglets.
T.
Pregnant mares abort usually several wks after Eq herpesvirus 1 infection.
T.
Only pregnant mares should be immunized against Eq herpesvirus 1 infection.
F.
Eq herpesvirus 2 + 5 causes pustular vulvovaginitis.
F.
Coital exanthema virus does ø cause abortion.
T.
Canine herpesvirus 1 may cause generalised infection + severe disease in young puppies.
T.
Inactivated vaccines are avaiable for immunization against Canine herpesvirus 1.
T.
Fel herpesvirus 1 is mainly transmitted by msoquitoes.
F.
Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of Fel infectious Rhinotracheitis.
T.
Tracheal lesions of ILT may be similar to those of fowl pox.
T.
Poxviruses never cause viraemia + generalized infection.
F.
Poxviruses can cause cytoplasmic inclusion bodies.
T.
Orthopox viruses are strong Ag.
T.
Parapox viruses are strong Ag.
F.
Virulent virus vaccines may be used for immunization against contagious pustular dermatitis of sheep ( Orf).
T.
Sheep- + goat pox are enzootic in Europe.
F.
Sheep pox is deadly for young susceptible lamsb.
T.
Sus pox virus frequently causes interstitial pneumonia.
F.
Only inactivated vaccines can be used for prevention against fowl pox.
F.
Polymerase chain reaction is used for the detection of Ag of the agent.
T.
PM lesions help in setting up a preliminary diagnosis.
T.
Epidemiological data help in setting up a preliminary diagnosis.
T.
Microscopic examination of samples is ø used in the diagnosis of infectious disease anymore.
F.
Ab are generally used to the actiological treatment of disease caused by bacteria.
T.
Use of Ab in the case of diseases caused by viruses is ø allowed because of Ab resistance.
F.
Treatment of certain infections diseases is prohibited.
T.
Symptomatic treatment is recommended because it can support healing of the diseased aniamls.
T.
Isolated keeping of different animal sp can prevent the spreading of infectious diseases.
T.
Isolated keeping of different age grps of the same sp cannot prevent spreading of infectious disease since all animals of the same sp are susceptible to the same agents.
F.
Day- old birds cannot be infected in the hatchery because they are protected by yolk immunity.
F.
ø agent can be eradicated by Ab treatment.
F.
In the case of generation shift newborn animals have to be kept isolated from the parent animals.
T.
In the case of herd replacement the herd is replaced with infection- free animals.
T.
Circoviruses can be cultured easily in many cell lines.
F.
Parvoviruses multiplicate only in rapidly dividng cells.
T.
Cat panleukopenia virus can cause disease also in Mustelidae sp.
T.
Papillomaviruses can be cultured in epithelial cell lines.
F.
Goose polyomavirus caused disease clinically appears in young animals.
T.
Polyomaviruses canc ause neoplasm in rodents.
T.
For prevention of Derzsy’s disease both live + inactivated vaccines are used.
T.
For prevention of porcine parvovirus caused fetal dmaages, live vaccines are avaialble.
T.
Serological cross- reactions may be seen between adenoviruses within the same genus.
T.
Canine adenovirus 2 frequently causes abortion in dogs.
F.
Colostrum uptake may influence the resistance of calves to adenoviral pneumoenteritis.
T.
Bo adenoviruses may damage kidney tubular cells.
T.
Avian adenoviruses may cause hepatitis in chicken.
T.
EDS virus causes cloaca paralysis.
F.
IBoR virus causes hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.
F.
Bo herpes Mammillitis virus may cause lesions on the lips of milking calves.
T.
MCF can be seen inly in calves younger than 1 mnth.
F.
Aujeszky’s disease virus may infect multiple mammalian hosts.
T.
Abortion of sows can be a sign of Aujeszky’s disease.
T.
Aujeszky’s disease in cats is usually a mild respiratory disease with quick recovery.
F.
The Sus IBR virus may cause reprocutive problems in sows.
T.
Eq herpesvirus 5 play a role in Eq multinodular pulmonary fibrosis.
T.
Liver lesions are frequently seen in puppies with Canid herpesvirus 1 ifnection.
T.
Conjuncticitis is a frequent sign of Duck Viral Enteirits.
T.
Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of acute MD disease.
F.
Orf ( Contagiousus Pustular Dermatitis) virus is zoonotic.
T.
Vaccination against Bo papular Stomatitis provides life-long immunity.
F
Orf virus is very resistant in the environment.
T.
Contagious Pustular Dermatitis can only be seen on the teats of ewes.
F.
Sheep pox virus infections frequently generalize.
T.
Sheep + goat pox virus is transmitted only vertically.
F.
Vaccines are available against sheep pox in endemic areas.
T.
Avipox viruses can cause fever + rash in children.
F.
Gastric juice can protect the host from infections.
T.
Fetuses have ø active immune response.
F.
Only animals showing clinical signs can shed infective agents.
F.
Cholelithiasis is frequently seen in Ov adenovirus 4 infection of rams.
F.
Adenoviruses may cause hepatitis in chicken.
T.
Wild boars are ø susceptible to Aujeszky’s disease virus.
F.
Attenuated vaccines are used in pregnant cows agaisnt IBoR virus.
F.
Eq herpesvirus 2 + 5 cause diarrhea + hepatitis in foals.
F.
In utero infections with Canid herpesvirus may result in abortion.
T.
Felid herpesvirus 1 is moderately contagious: spreads slowly in cat populations.
F.
Ab treatment is the most effective control method for Duck Viral Enteritis.
F.
Duck Plague Virus may be shed lifelong by animals recovered from the disease.
T.
Pigeon herpesvirus kills mostly d- old pigeons.
F.
MD is usually seen in chickens < 2 wks of age.
F.
