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MT Flashcards

1
Q

Peer reviewed article characteristics

A

Authors are clearly identified, and their expertise is demonstrated by their organization and education

There are few graphics. Often, there is an abstract.

Formal writing with Jargon

Dates indicating when it was peer reviewed

Articles often long with lots of references

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2
Q

CINAHL Complete good for searching for

A

Nursing, midwifery, & allied health professions

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3
Q

Medline

A

One of the worlds largest databases

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4
Q

Grey Lit

A

Produced by governments, unis, non profits etc.

No peer review

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5
Q

What does the “discussion” section of a paper discuss

A

Discusses the findings in relation to other published literature, limitations, and implications

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6
Q

Abstract

A

: Summary of the research, including the aim/purpose, methods, results/findings, and implications

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7
Q

Difference bw research Literacy and evidence informed practice

A

Ability to appraise and determine suitable and sound evidence (is the research valid and reliable?)

vs

Process of utilizing research literacy skills to make practice decisions and implement practice changes

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8
Q

Components of evidence informed decision making model

A

Define
Search
Appraise
Synthesize
Adapt
Implement
Evaluate

REPEAT

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9
Q

Primary Research

A

Research conducted where data was collected and analyzed directly by a researcher to draw conclusions and report findings

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10
Q

3 types of primary research

A

Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods (both quant and qual combined)

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11
Q

Main types of research questions

A

Intervention studying
Prognosis study
Descriptive study
Relational Study
Causal Study
Prognosis Study

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12
Q

Regarding research questions, what is the difference bw a problems relevance vs it’s significance?

A

Relevance: Why is this Important?

Significance: How big is the problem

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13
Q

Elements of a clinical priactice problem statement

A

Contains all components of a PICO question AND it is specific

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14
Q

How can a problem be proven to be relevant?

A

Argued relevance to nursing using reuputable sources

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15
Q

Primary studies must be published in

A

Journals

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16
Q

What is evidence

A

Information or facts from a variety of both qualitative and quantitative sources that are systematically obtained – that is, obtained in a way that is replicable, observable, credible, verifiable, or basically supportable”

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17
Q

Major way evidence is generated

A

By research

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18
Q

Research that produces evidence always starts with a __________

A

Problem

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19
Q

Difference bw Research and evidence informed practice

A

Research:
systematic and planned
Purpose: Specific to problem
Goal: Statement of predetermined outcome
Outcome: Contributes to understanding

Evidence Informed practice
Systematic search and appraisal of best evidence
Purpose: Uses evidence for making clinical decisions
Goal: Accoutns for individual needs of patient
Outcome: Bring changes into practice

20
Q

Characteristics of Quant research

A

Aims to Describe, Explain, Predict

Often contains hypothesis

Data collected via numerical/objective means

TO determine if intervention worked or describe phenomena numerically

21
Q

Characteristics of Qual research

A

Aims to Describe, Discover, Explore

No hypothesis

Inquires of peoples feelings, opinions beliefs

Data collected via interviews, journals, art etc.

Data recorded as journal transcript

22
Q

Characteristics of mixed method research

A

Aiming to blend qual and quant research

Generally including more qual and less quant or vis versa

23
Q

Impact factor

A

A journal that publishes only peer reviewed will have a high impact factor

24
Q

Types of scholarly publications

A

Research/empirical (often in reference to primary studies)
Case studies
Reviews
Met-analysis
Letters or communications

25
Q

Correlational study is a type of

A

Quantitative method of research

26
Q

Case control study

A

Type of non experimental- descriptive correlational study

Compare people with a specific disease or outcome of interest with control

27
Q

Correlationa lstudy use

A

To make predictions but NOT to determine cause

28
Q

Three Predominant Non-Experimental-Descriptive Correlational Study Designs

A

Case-Control
Cross-Sectional
Cohort

29
Q

Odds ratio

A

measure of association between an exposure and an outcome

ODDS THAT AN OUTCOME WILL OCCUR

OR greater than 1 = greater probability of the disease among the exposed
OR less than 1 = decreased probability of disease among the exposed

30
Q

How are case-control study questions written

A

Written as a PIO: I is the disease, and O is the outcome

31
Q

Strengths and Weakness of case-control Studies

A

Can be done fast and requires a relatively small sample size
Inexpensive
Attrition rates are usually low
Limitations:
Can only measure one disease at a time
Recall bias can be a threat
Not conducive to measuring rare exposures

32
Q

Generalizability

A

Referring to ability of findings to be extrapolated to a wider population

33
Q

How are experimental studies appraised?

A

Does it have good internal validity
- Reult in improved outcomes
Be safe for pts

34
Q

How to appraise evidence (studies)

A

Use 6S pyramid
Appraise quality of study

35
Q

Best practice collections are where on the 6S pyramid

A

The highest quality

36
Q

How to know if there’s a conflict of interest

A

Search for “conflict”

37
Q

How to know if participant number is enough to be significant

A

Search for power analysis

38
Q

How to know if the study had any drop outs

A

Investigate how many people were present at the end

39
Q

If more than ____ drop out, there is a threat to validity

A

20%

40
Q

What makes a quasi experimental design

A

no randomization
no control group
no pre-test (post-test) only

41
Q

Goal of measurement

A

TO QUANTIFY A SINGLE ISOLATED ATTRIBUTE IN A STANDARDIZED MANNER

42
Q

Power analysis

A

Determines whether or not a sample size is large enough for the study to hold statistical significance

43
Q

Internal validity

A

applies to the inferences about relationships among study variables

44
Q

External validity

A

the degree to which study findings are generalizable to other populations

45
Q

P value Less than 0.05

A

means the likelihood of the results being due to chance is less than 1/20. Therefore, the effect is statistically significant and the intervention is believe to have caused the change in outcome.

46
Q

Confounding Variable

A

When there is an alternative explanation for the outcome of a study that was NOT taken into account in the study design.

NURS224 (11 decks)

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