MSM Atkinson and Shiffrin 1968

Question 1

Cognitive psychology is concerned with

Answer 1

internal mental processes, such as language, memory, problem-solving and thinking.

Question 2

The brain is like a computer because

Answer 2

it is a storage system that receives information from our environment, process the information and gives an output.

Question 3

Three stores:

Answer 3

Sensory store, STM and LTM

Question 4

How long does sensory information stay in the sensory store?

Answer 4

It is held for a brief moment, 1-2 seconds, before it decays, if it is attended to, it will enter the STM.

Question 5

How long is information held in the STM?

Answer 5

approx 7 items can be stored (+-2) for 15-30 seconds unless they are maintained via rehearsal where they will be transferred to LTM

Question 6

LTM?

Answer 6

Unlimited capacity, unlimited duration

Question 7

What type of encoding is used in the STM?

Answer 7

Acoustic

Question 8

What type of encoding is used in LTM?

Answer 8

Semantic and temporal

Question 9

Retrieval in Sensory register?

Answer 9

Scanning

Question 10

Retrieval in stm?

Answer 10

Sequential Search

Question 11

Retrieval in ltm?

Answer 11

Semantic or temporal search

Question 12

How does info decay in stm?

Answer 12

through displacement

Question 13

how does info decay in ltm?

Answer 13

through decay and interference

Question 14

Studies to support duration of STM?

Answer 14

Peterson and Peterson (1959)

Question 15

Peterson and Peterson 1959?

Answer 15

Participants given a trigram of 3 consonants for intervals of an increasing period, 3, 6,9 secs… and then had to do an interference task by counting backwards. Worse recall after 15-18 seconds.

Question 16

Brady et al. (2008) showed participants 2500 objects over the course of 5.5 hours. Objects were paired with other objects that participants hadn’t seen, what was found?

Answer 16

When participants saw the original object paired with a very different object, identification of they actual object they had seen was 92%. Supports LTM

Question 17

Bahrick et al. (1975) investigated Very LTM (VLTM) using memory tests on the names and faces of students in their high school yearbooks. What was found?

Answer 17

Out of 400 ex students used, identification was 90% accurate 15 years after leaving and 70%-80% accurate 48 years after leaving, supports duration of LTM